Declaration

I undersigned solemnly declare that the report of the research work entitled
SUMMER TRAINING REPORT ON “A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON STEEL HINGES
AND ALUMUNIUM HINGES” AT TEMCRON STEEL INDUSTRIES LTD. ROHTAK
HARYANA is based on my own work carried out during the course of my study
under Mrs. Meenakshi. I assert that the statements made and conclusions drawn
are an outcome of my research work. I further declare that to the best of my own
knowledge and belief the report does not contain any part of any work which has
been submitted for the award of B.B.A degree or any other
degree/diploma/certificate in this University or any other University of India or
abroad.

(Signature of the Candidate)

1
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Gratitude is hardest of emotions to express and often does not find adequate
words to convey what an individual feels. I have completed this summer training
report with the help of different personalities. I would like to thank my teacher
Mrs. Meenakshi whose valuable guidance has helped me patch to the summer
training report and to make it full proof success and suggestions and her
instructions has served as the major contribution towards the completion of the
project.

Finally, my sincere gratitude goes to my family and friends for supporting me,
sharing their thoughts and giving me the moral support during the preparation of
this report.

BHAWANA GUPTA

2
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF
CONTENT
3
 S.NO
PARTICULARS

PAGE NO.
1
EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY

6-7
2
INTRODUCTION
4
 7-8
3
OBJECTIVE OF
STUDY

8-9
4
DEFINATION OF
TERMS

5
 9-12
5
RESEARCH
METHADOLOGY

13-18
6
COMPANY PROFILE

19-50
7
6
FINDINGS AND
ANALYSIS

51-62
8
SUGGESTIONS

63-67
9
CONCLUSION
LIMITATIONS
7
 68
10
LIMITATIONS

69
11
APPENDIX

70-72
12
8
BIBLIOGRAPHY

73
13
APPENDICES

73-76

9
EXECUTI
VE
SUMMA
RY
The project title
"Consumer preference,
10
 Perception and Brand
loyalty of
Patanjali Brand" deals
mainly with the consumer
behaviour.
Patanjali, founded in 2007
by Baba Ramdev and his
aide Swami Acharya
Balakrishan has grown into
a 5000 crore company in
2015. It has disrupted the
entire FMCG market with
its unconventional growth
11
 story. The credit goes to
Baba
Ramdev who has very
meticulously decided the
timeline for each action
and
delivered unprecedented
success. Patanjali’s vision
is to provide
herbal/ayurvedic/natural
solutions to all the
problems and in this
pursuit it is also
12
elevating the livelihoods of
local farmers. It has
leveraged the emotional
route by
bringing in the ‘Swadeshi’
angle

13
 CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRY

History of steel:-

The steel industry has grown from ancient times, when a few men may have
operated, periodically, a small furnace producing 10 kilograms, to the
modern integrated iron- and steelworks, with annual steel production of about
1 million tons. The largest commercial steelmaking enterprise, Nippon Steel in
Japan, was responsible for producing 26 million tons in 1987, and 11 other
companies generally distributed throughout the world each had outputs of
more than 10 million tons. Excluding the Eastern-bloc countries, for which
employment data are not available, some 1.7 million people were employed in
1987 in producing 430 million tons of steel. That is equivalent to about 250
tons of steel per person employed per year—a remarkably efficient use of
human endeavour.Since then, steel has become a staple of the world’s industrial
economy.

Ps:- Sir Henry Bessemer is the Father of the Steel Industry.

Steel Production in INDIA:-

India’s crude steel output rose by 2.56 per cent to 30.06 million tonne (MT)
during the July-September period of the ongoing financial year. As per research
firm SteelMint ,the top six steel makers –SAIL, Tata Steel, JSW Steel, JSPL, AMNS
India and RINL—produced 18.29 MT steel , the rest 11.77 MT came in from the
secondary sector.

The country had produced 29.31 MT of steel during the same quarter in the
preceding 2021-22 financial year, according the data shared by SteelMint.
14
 During the said quarter last fiscal, large producers had jointly manufactured
18.39MT steel, while the secondary industry produced 10.92MT, it said.

India surpassed Japan to become the second – largest producer of steel in the
world .

India Top STEEL Producing States:

Some Facts:-
1. Steel has been used for over 1,000 years. The earliest steel product is
4,000 years old. Steel has survived and thrived for many centuries. Even in

15
ancient times, there have been examples where steel has been utilized to
make the lives of people better.
2. Steel is used to make tin cans. Chances are that cold beverage you like
to drink was made of steel. In fact, 200 billion tin cans are produced each
year.
3. Daily steel production is astronomically high. To put things in
perspective: 548 Eiffel Towers could be built with the production of steel
in one day.
4. The steel industry employs a multitude of people. This industry is
thriving, and it employs people from all walks of life. Over 8 million people
(which is about the population of the entire country of Switzerland) work
in the steel trades.
5. Modern steel is much more efficient than it used to be. The steel of
today is not only much stronger than the steel of the past, but it is also
about a third lighter as well.
6. Steel has been involved in the production of automobiles for almost a
century. The first steel automobile came out in 1918.
7. Steel helped produce the first skyscraper. In 1885, the Home Insurance
Building was created. Since then, about 50 percent of the world’s steel
population has been through construction.
8. Steel is the most recycled material on earth. Steel can be recycled for up
to 150 years after it is first produced. When you purchase steel, it is
always recycled.

The alloy type is iron fused with one of several other elements, each
contributing its own unique attributes to the final product. But carbon and
chromium are specific alloys with names attributed to the type of metal they

The Four Types of Steel

Steel is a combination of two elements, iron and carbon. Steel are broken is broken into four types and then in
those types steel is broken down into grades. There are four main types of steel, Carbon Steels, Alloy Steels,
Stainless Steels, Tool Steels. Each different type of steels has unique characteristics which lead it to being used
in it’s respected fields.

16
 Carbon Steels
Carbon steels are the most common types of steel accounting for around 90% of steel production. Carbon steel
typically contains up to 2% of carbon. Carbon steel is broken into three main sub categories, low carbon steel,
also known as mild steel, medium carbon steel, and high carbon steel. The term carbon steel can also be used
as a catch call term for steel that isn’t stainless steel.

Alloy Steels
Alloy Steels use different types of elements to influence the characteristics of the metal. Common elements are
chromium, nickel, copper, molybdenum, vanadium, and aluminum. These elements are used to change the
ductility, strength, machinability, and it’s corrosion resistance. Alloy steels can have up to 50% of it’s weight
consit

Stainless Steels
Stainless steel is the go to steel for applications with corrosives. Stainless steel has to include chromium,
usually around 11-12%. To be classified as stainless steel it has to have a minimum of 10.5% chromium
content. Stainless steel is easily identified by it’s sheen and is commonly used in the food, medical, hard and
architectural industries.

Tool Steels
Tool steels are commonly used in cutting and drilling equipment due to the higher heat resistance and hardness
they get from the alloys they have in them. Tool steels commonly contain tungsten, molybdenum, cobalt and
vanadium. There are 6 grades of tooling steel, air-hardening, water-hardening, D-type, hot-working, shock-
resisting types, and oil hardening.

No tags for this post.

HISTORY OF COMPANY
TEMCRON STEEL INDUSTIRES started with a vision to personify the standard of
steel manufacturing , its consumer centric approach has always placed us at the
forefront of succes

Establishments in this industry produce steel by melting iron ore, scrap metal, and
other additives in furnaces. The molten metal output is then solidified into semi
finished shapes before it is rolled, drawn, cast, and extruded to make sheet, rod,
bar, tubing, beams, and wire. Other establishments in the industry make finished
steel products directly from purchased steel.

The least costly method of making steel uses scrap metal as its base. Steel scrap
from many sources—such as old bridges, household appliances, and automobiles
—and other additives are placed in an electric arc furnace, where the intense heat
17
 produced by carbon electrodes and chemical reactions melts the scrap,
converting it into molten steel. Establishments that use this method of producing
steel are called electric arc furnace (EAF) mills, or minimills. While EAFs are
sometimes small, some are large enough to produce 400 tons of steel at a time.
The growth of EAFs has been driven by the technology's smaller initial capital
investment and lower operating costs. Moreover, scrap metal is found in all parts
of the country, so EAFs are not tied as closely to raw material deposits as are
integrated mills and thus can be placed closer to customers. EAFs now account for
well over half of American steel production and their share is expected to
continue to grow in coming years as they move to produce more higher end
products by adding virgin iron ore to the mix of steel scrap and other additives.

The growth of EAFs comes partly at the expense of integrated mills. Integrated
mills reduce iron ore to molten pig iron in blast furnaces. The iron is then sent to
an oxygen furnace, where it is combined with scrap to make molten steel. The
steel produced by integrated mills generally is considered to be of higher quality
than steel from EAFs. The higher quality production process is more complicated
and consumes more energy, making it more costly.The steel industry consists of
EAFs and integrated mills that produce iron and steel from scrap or iron ore. Most
of these mills also have finishing mills on site that convert iron and steel into both
finished and unfinished products. Some of the goods produced in finishing mills
are steel wire, pipe, bars, rods, and sheets. In these finishing mills, products also
may be coated with chemicals, paints, or other metals that give the steel desired
characteristics for various industries and consumers.

While wire, steel reinforcing bars, and pipes are considered finished products,
rolled steel is unfinished, meaning it is normally shipped to companies, such as
automotive plants, that stamp, shape, and machine the rolled steel into car parts.
Finished products also are manufactured by other companies in this industry that
make pipe and tubing, plate, strip, rod, bar, and wire from purchased steel.
Competition from all these mills has resulted in increasing specialization of steel
production, as various mills attempt to capture different niches in the market.

POSITION IN THE INDUSTRY-

Temcron steel industries is known for its quality based procurement and
production. The company has manufacturing workshop meeting the international

18
 standards and the manufacture and test equipments that are leading
technologically home and abroad. That is why our products provide high load
capacity and excellent maneuverability to the machines they are used in.
We have established strong Quality Control Team with advanced testing
equipment, powerful technological force and self-contained testing facilities. Our
goal is not only provide our customers high quality goods, but also trustful service
in whole procedure
Our Vision : To become a global supplier of Auto Components and service
provider by providing high quality Auto Components at reasonable price to keep
our customers ahead of competition and in the forefront of technology.
Our Mission: Maintain high quality standards of products and deliver best services
to meet and even surpass customer expectations to build long term relationships.
Our technical collaboration and partnership with Windfast Industrial and
Manufacturer Co. Ltd. of P.R. China enables us not only to supply standard Auto
Components but also develop, manufacture and supply special components as
per customer blue-prints or samples.
With the intense pressure to reduce costs and design cycle times, our customers
increasingly entrust tasks to us that enable them to introduce new and more
advanced products faster and with lower development costs than ever before.
Established in the year 1999, Windfast Industrial and Manufacturer Co. Ltd. focus
to be an advanced professional company in manufacturing and exporting various
standard and non-standard automobile parts and develop on industrial promotion

Corporate Responsibility-
The Indian steel sector is contributing to nearly 2% of the GDP (Gross Domestic
Products) and employed over 5 lakh people. India became the 4thlargest
producer of crude steel in the world in 2010 as against the 8th position in 2003
and is expected to become the 2th largest producer of crude steel in the world by
2015. Going by estimate of Rs.4,000 crore investment per million tonne of
additional capacity, intended steel capacity build up in the country is likely to
result in an investment of Rs.8,70,640 crore by 2020.

Promoting R&D in Steel Sector  

In order to encourage R&D activities in iron and steel sector, Ministry of Steel is

19
 providing financial assistance under the following two schemes:
Financial assistance from Steel Development Fund (SDF) under the mechanism of
Empowered Committee (EC)
68 R&D projects have been approved costing Rs. 544.34 crore with SDF assistance
of Rs. 263.48 crore. So far Ministry of Steel has released Rs. 145.63 crore from
Steel Development Fund (SDF). Out of 68 R&D projects, 35 projects have been
completed yielding benefits to the industries, 9 projects have been stopped after
midterm review and 24 projects are in progress.
Financial assistance from Government Budgetary Support (GBS) under the
mechanism of Project Approval and Monitoring Committee (PAMC)
Under this scheme R&D project proposals in three broad areas namely (i)
development of innovative /path breaking technologies (ii) improvement of
quality of steel and (iii) beneficiation of raw materials in the Iron and Steel Sector
are being proposed. So far 8 R&D projects have been approved costing Rs. 143.87
crore with Government Budgetary Support of Rs. 111.11 crore.  So far Rs. 31.18
crore has been released up to 2010-11.  The projects are at their initial stage.
Steel demand
The Ministry has initiated a study to assess the steel demand in the rural areas of
the country and to examine the potential of increasing the level of steel
consumption. The study would cover 300 districts, 1500 villages, 4500
manufactures and 8000 retailers spread over all the 35 states and union
territories of the country.

TYPES OF PRODUCTS-
Temcron steel industries produce a wide variety of steel to suit all kind of needs
of esteemed customers spread across the globe.

1.DOOR HINGES:-

20
Hinges are the hardware used to attach a door to its frame, and are the pivot point
for opening and closing the door. Whether you are replacing an old door or hanging
a new one, hinges are an important part of the structure

2. UNIVERSAL HINGES:-

Most of our door levers are universal handed. What we mean by that is most
of our door levers can be applied to both left AND right handed doors.
However, for our door levers that aren't universal just use these 4 easy steps
to determine your door handing

UNDERSTANDING DOOR HINGES:-

BUTT HINGES

21
Hinges are either right or left and come in different materials. You can use a hinge that
will be visible or concealed. The point is, you have a lot of choices, many of which are
butt hinges. These are the most common hinge of all. Essentially, a butt hinge has two
matching leaves. For example a leaf hinge – shown here and below – is a type of hinge,
but it falls under the category of a butt hinge.

We encourage you to learn more about his hinge type in our Guide to butt hinges.

Corner hinges
Typically used: metal cabinets and machine covers

A corner hinge sits flush to the surface. To prevent tampering, they’re mounted
internally, although external metal corner hinges - usually used on machines – are an
exception. Corner hinges contain a pin that you can take out when the door is open.
This, in turn, allows you to remove the door for maintenance or access.

Internal metal corner hinges

 Heavy-duty industrial hinges

Rotational angle: 180°

 Used on steel panels for large applications
 Die-cast zinc alloy with stainless steel pin

Plastic corner hinges

 Used on light-steel panels

 Rotational angle: 180°
 30% glass-reinforced nylon with POM pin
 Compact
 Simple installation into the return bend of formed sheet metal doors and panels

Lift-off hinges
Typically used: HVAC systems, industrial generators

Think of doors that see frequent use. For applications like this, you want lift-off hinges
that simplify the removal of doors when you need easy access to maintenance and
repair. When the panel that the hinge is attached to is opened, the top part of the hinge
lifts off from the bottom part. These are also known as door-removal hinges.

22
 Lift-off screw-mount hinge

 Easy lift-off function

 Ideal for removing flush-mounted doors
 Rotational angle: 180°
 Steel or stainless steel with stainless steel or steel pin

Surface mount hinge – lift off

 Concealed mounting screws prevent external access to hinge

 Ideal for electric panels and machinery covers
 Rotational angle: 180°
 Zinc alloy with stainless steel pin

Offset hinges
Typically used: hospital doors, warehouse doors

Types of offset hinges are designed to add extra clearance to doorways. Also known as
swing-clear hinges, you can open the door so that it’s out of the way, giving you
complete access to the entire width of the doorway. Offset hinges move the hinge pin
farther away from the doorjamb. When the door is opened to 90 degrees, it is set back
at least two inches from the doorway, making the opening larger. Without these hinges,
you’d need to create a larger opening and install a larger door. You can learn more in
our guide, The basics of offset hinges.

Continuous hinges
Typically used: Barn doors, fire doors, electrical doors, cabinets, enclosures, furniture
making

23
 Also known as piano hinges, which stems back to their original purpose: to secure a
piano lid to the piano body. Today, they’re also used to distribute weight and minimize
stress on the door or cabinet in light, medium and heavy-duty industries. A continuous
hinge is great for applications that are constantly being opened and closed, and subject
to intense wear and tear.

You can learn more in our Guide to piano hinges, including how to install them.

Plastic continuous hinges

 Modified Polyolefin Copolymer

 Stainless steel
 Resists salt water, oil, solvents, dilute acids, alkalies and most chemicals

Leaf hinges
Typically used: Server cabinets

Concealed mounting screws prevent external access to the hinge, making it ideal when
security matters. Leaf hinges suit plain/flush-mounted doors and left- and right-handed
applications.

Leaf hinge – threaded stud mount

 For flush-mounted doors with threaded stud installations

 Maximum rotation: 270°
 Die-cast zinc alloy

Countersunk mount hinge

 For flush-mounted doors with countersunk mounting holes

 Maximum rotation: 270°
 Die-cast zinc alloy

Concealed hinges
Typically used: Enclosures, machinery covers

24
 Concealed hinges are installed inside enclosures such as an outdoor telecom
equipment cabinet to stop anyone from tampering with them from the outside.
Aesthetically, they provide a minimalist look and feel by not showing any hardware.

Spring loaded hinge, removable/concealed

 Spring provides tension so that doors or lids automatically close or stay open
 Multiple spring hinge styles available
 Zinc-plated steel or stainless steel options
 Removable pin

Side hinges
Typically used: IP electrical enclosures, wall-mount rack enclosures, server cabinet

Side-mount hinges are another high-security option, ideal for applications that present
awkward space. These also work well when a standard hinge can’t give you the
opening that you need.

Side hinges

 Available in 3 types: Types 1 & 2: high-security, medium- and heavy-duty industrial

hinges,Type 3: lower security, lower-cost hinge
 Rotational angle: 180

Weld-on hinges
Typically used: Vault doors, armored vehicles, fire doors, shipping containers and
construction projects.

25
 If your application is permanent and not to be tampered with, opt for weld-on hinges.
Their life span is longer than screw-on door hinges. The designs are simple, and you
can use them on different types of materials. There’s also the added bonus that they’re
non-obtrusive and can be painted to match the metal surface to which they’re applied.

Weld-on bullet hinges

 Durable, secure and versatile hinge

 Can be used on flat surfaces for easy welding
 Steel with steel or brass pin; aluminum with stainless-steel pin

You can learn more in our Guide to weld-on bullet hinges, including information on
installation.

Exterior hinges vs. interior hinges

Interior doors are typically made of wood while exterior doors are often metal. Exterior
door hinges tend to be thicker than indoor hinges to support the heavier doors. Because
exterior doors have to withstand the elements, their hinges have to work harder.
Materials play an important role in any hinge, but especially those that have to perform
outdoors.

26
 WORLD WIDE STEEL CONSUMPTION OF DOOR HINGES:-
Door Hinges Market Dynamics:
Door hinges are used in both home and commercial applications to bind the door.
The demand for residential housing in urban areas has risen as a result of the rising
urbanization and movement of people from rural to urban areas. Commercial space
need has arisen as a result of the growing trend of startups, which has boosted
demand for the Door Hinges Market during the forecast period. The global door
hinges market is being driven by increasing infrastructure development in emerging
nations throughout the world. Growing urbanization and globalization and rising
demand for the renovation of older infrastructures is predicted to propel the Door
Hinges market over the forecast period. Furthermore, the growing public concern
about home safety has spurred demand for high-quality, reliable, and long-lasting
hinges all around the world. Growing industrialization and the increasing commercial
sector are also likely to drive demand for door hinges during the projected period.
However, the low installation cost is one of the key elements fueling the Door hinges
market over the forecast period. The door hinges market is likely to benefit from
increased usage of corrosion-resistant door hinges. Furthermore, the low cost of door
hinges and significant technical innovation in production procedures are likely to
provide new opportunities for the Door Hinges market during the forecast period.

Door Hinges Market Segment Analysis:

By Product Type, the Butt hinge segment is predicted to hold the greatest market
share by 2027 owing to the growing safety concern amongst people around the
world. One of the key aspects driving the demand for butt hinges is their capacity to
support heavyweight. Some butt hinges are manufactured in such a way that no part
of the hinge is accessible from the outside. Butt hinges are also intended to allow the
door to close on its own. By Application, the Ball-bearing doors or ball-bearing butt
hinges segment are excellent for the interior doors. The hinges with bearing balls
minimize friction, making them more sturdy and long-lasting. These hinges are often
known as heavy-duty hinges due to their heavy-duty usage. By End-Use, The
residential segment is predicted to grow at CAGR of xx% during the foreast period.
Thnaks to growing demand as new infrastructure is developed and old infrastructure
is renovated. The segment's growth is aided by the expanding population of
emerging countries owing to increasing urbanization and globalization. Therefore, the
demand for door hinges for residential use is also increased during the forecast
period. The commercial segment is also predicted to increase significantly over the
27
 forecast period owing to increased urbanization over the forecast period. By
Material, the Stainless steel segment is expected to grow at the highest rate during
the forecast period. Stainless steel is the most prevalent material for door hinges.
Stainless steel door hinges are an excellent alternative for the residential segment
because of their corrosion and temperature resistance characteristics. Its durability
and strength are likely to drive up demand for stainless steel Door Hinges during the
forecast period.

By Distribution Channel, the Online segment was valued at US$ xx Mn. in 20201.
The developing e-commerce sector is expected to create excellent opportunities for
the manufacturers to promote advertise their items efficiently on their online selling
platform. From the variety of hinges offered on these e-commerce platforms, the
consumer may select the hinges that are most suited to their needs. Amazon,
Alibaba, and Walmart are just a few of the well-known e-commerce platforms.

Door Hinges Market Regional Insights:

The Asia Pacific is one of the most important markets for door hinges owing to the
growing number of residential and commercial buildings in the area. The door hinges
are available in different types, at an affordable price and are used extensively due to
rising security concerns among consumers in this region. North America has
accounted for the largest market share in 2020 owing to the increasing demand for
modern door hinges across the region and also due to the renovation of older
infrastructure and increasing demand for modern door hinges in commercial sectors.
The objective of the report is to present a comprehensive analysis of the Door Hinges
Market to the stakeholders in the industry. The past and current status of the industry
with the forecasted market size and trends are presented in the report with the
analysis of complicated data in simple language. The report covers all the aspects of
the industry with a dedicated study of key players that include market leaders,
followers, and new entrants. PORTER, PESTEL analysis with the potential impact of
micro-economic factors of the market have been presented in the report. External as
well as internal factors that are supposed to affect the business positively or

28
 negatively have been analyzed, which will give a clear futuristic view of the industry
to the decision-makers. The report also helps in understanding the Door Hinges
Market dynamics, structure by analyzing the market segments and projecting the
Door Hinges Market size. Clear representation of competitive analysis of key players
by product, price, financial position, product portfolio, growth strategies, and regional
presence in the Door Hinges Market make the report investor’s guide.

Door Hinges Market Scope: Inquiry Before Buying

Global Door Hinges Market

Report Coverage Details

Base Year: 2021 Forecast Period:

Historical Data: 2017 to 2021 Market Size in 2021:

Forecast Period 2022 to

7.4 % Market Size in 2027:
2027 CAGR:

• Barrel Hinge • Butt Hinges • Pivot Hinge • H

by Product Type
Hinges • Flag Hinges • Ot

by Material • Cold-Rolled Steel • Stainless Steel

Segments Covered: by End-Use • Residential • Commerci

by Application • Spring Door • Ball Bearing Door • Spec

by Distribution
• Online • Offline
Channel

MISSION AND VISION OF THE COMPANY

MISSION:-

29
“to become the supplier of choice, deliver premium products
and services, and create value for our customers.”
Foster team work by nurturing talent, enhancing leadership
capability and acting with pace, pride and passion. The company
aims to become the supplier of choice, deliver premium products
and services, and create value for our customers.

Ownership: Trust Dedication & commitment by empowering resource .

Accountability and responsibility to the people &respect for all.

Customer Centricity:-

Offering superior customer experience through safe and high quality products
and provide value for money.

Business Ethics:-

Sincerity and honesty in delivering the best by being honest and transparent in
our processes.

Innovation:-

Improving continuously by experimenting with new ideas for superior product

and program.

VISION

“prides itself on its quality and performance”

The sole vision of the company is to deliver products and services
conforming to International standards and satisfying the requirements and

30
the expectations of our customers in respect of quality, cost, performance,
safety and reliability.

AIM OF THE COMPANY

• Self-sufficiency in steel production by providing policy support & guidance to
private manufacturers, MSME steel producers, CPSEs & encourage adequate
capacity additions.

• Development of globally competitive steel manufacturing capabilities

• Cost-efficient production and domestic availability of iron ore, coking coal and
natural gas

• Facilitate investment in overseas asset acquisitions of raw materials.

• Enhance domestic steel demand.

Build a globally competitive industry with a crude steel capacity of 300 MT by

2030-31

 Increase per Capita Steel Consumption to 160 Kgs by 2030-31

 To domestically meet entire demand of high grade automotive steel,
electrical steel, special steels and alloys for strategic applications by 2030-
31
 Increase domestic availability of washed coking coal so as to reduce import
dependence on coking coal to 50% by 2030-31

To be net exporter of steel by 2025-26

 Encourage industry to be a world leader on energy and raw material

efficient steel production by 2030-31, in a safe and sustainable manner
 Develop and implement quality standards for domestic steel products
31
 VALUES:
Ownership:- Trust Dedication and commitment by empowering resource.
Accountability and responsibilty to the people and respect for aal.

Business Ethics:- Sincerity and honesty in delivering the best by being honest
and transparent in our processes.

Passion for Excellence:- Perseverance and endurance with no compromise to

remain best in class.

Innovation:- Improving continously by experimenting with new ideas for

superior product and process.

Customer Centricity:- Offering superior customer experience through safe and

high quality products and provide value for money.

With a core vision of maximizing customer’s delight through value

expansion,Temcron Steel stands strong as the leading processor and exporters pf
steel products under honda limited company in the country.

POLICIES OF THE COMPANY

Workplace Health and Safety
Provisions for occupational safety are a necessity for everyone who
owns or runs a business. It’s imperative that your employees work within
a healthy and safe workplace. Accidents and unsafe conditions can land
you in court. If you also count the damage to reputation and loss of faith
from employees, complacency when it comes to safety may be the
biggest mistake you’ll ever make. A written policy shows that you take
the matter seriously. This is about more than a few fire extinguishers. A
workplace safety policy will help you to think systematically.

32
 Equal Opportunity Policy
Being an equal opportunity employer is mandated by law in most
countries. This equal opportunity policy prohibits any company from
discriminating against employees or job applicants on the basis of a
“protected characteristic” (gender, age, race etc.). It is fundamental for
non-discrimination, anti-harassment, workplace violence and diversity
policies. It can also help your business for two reasons: first, it expands
the pool of people from which to choose the best applicant for any job
and secondly, it creates a fair environment for employees to co-exist,
work and thrive in. Putting it in writing will send the message to everyone
that equal opportunity is a reality at your company.

Streamline your offer-to-onboarding

Ensure a great new hire experience with our recruiting solution and its
seamless integrations with onboarding tools and HRIS providers like
BambooHR.

Improve your onboarding

Employee Code of Conduct Policy

All employers have expectations from their employees and a
straightforward code of conduct can make this clear. Communicating
these expectations clearly is a prerequisite for compliance. Even if an
employee has the best of intentions and even if some things are simple
enough to be expected (like completing job duties), misunderstandings
may still occur. One way to keep them to a minimum is to have a written
code of conduct that will include important elements like attendance or
even use of social media. Rules must be clear and accessible.
Employees can consult them whenever they are unsure of what
constitutes acceptable behavior. It also means that when someone’s
employment has to be terminated there’s a proper record in place.

Leave of Absence Policy

For various reasons ranging from health issues to vacation plans,
employees may occasionally require to be absent from work. Whether it
is mandated by law or not, it is always advantageous to let your
employees know beforehand what benefits you offer. Different kinds of
33
leave (sick leave, Paid Time Off, maternity leave, parental leave etc.) are
separate entities and may require different treatment. Having all this in
writing, alongside rules that are necessary to regulate leave taking, is the
only way to adequately inform employees.

Employee Disciplinary Action Policy

Occasionally problems will arise at work and dealing with them is much
easier with a clear disciplinary policy in place. Employees must know
how and under what circumstances they will be disciplined. A
standardized step-by-step process will help you ensure fair and
appropriate treatment, even if you don’t formally disclose the entire
procedure. It will also show that you are an employer who does not
tolerate serious violations but also values remedial actions in the case of
minor offences. Take care though to consult a lawyer to ensure that the
procedures you have in place are lawful.

Workable also offers a broad range of additional company policy

templates that you can customize for your own company.

Frequently asked questions

What is the purpose of a company policy?
While policies offer a variety of benefits, the primary goal they
accomplish is to put in writing what the company expects from
employees in terms of the behavior, actions, and processes they take in
specific scenarios.

What is a workplace policy?

A workplace policy is a statement that outlines an organization's
practices and procedures concerning part of its business,

INTRODUCTION TO TOPIC

Hinge is a mechanical component that’s used to join the surfaces of two objects. It
allows the surfaces to rotate around a fixed axis. One of the most common

34
 applications of hinges is doors. Whether in a home or commercial workplace,
doors are usually installed into the door frame using a hinge. The hinge keeps the
door in place while also allowing it to rotate open and closed. If you’re planning to
buy hinges for your company, though, you might be wondering which material is
best: aluminum or steel. Hinges are available in several different materials, two of
the most common being aluminum and steel. And while both materials can be used
to create effective, high-quality hinges, there are a few nuances between the two.

Steel Hinges Steel hinges are strong, long-lasting and highly durable. Steel itself is an alloy
featuring a combination of iron, carbon and other trace elements. Because it’s made of readily
available materials, steel hinges are also inexpensive. For these reasons, steel hinges have
become a popular choice among manufacturing companies and other buyers. All steel features
iron and carbon, but there are different types of steel. Some hinges, for example, are made of
traditional steel, whereas others are made of 9 stainless steel. Stainless steel is characterized by
added chromium, which works to protect the metal from rust and oxidation. It’s called “stainless
steel” because the added layer of chromium prevents the intrusion of moisture. When moisture
isn’t able to reach the iron compounds within a steel hinge, it won’t develop rust or corrosion.
Traditional steel lacks this protective layer of chromium, making it vulnerable to rust and
corrosion.

Aluminum Hinges Aluminum hinges aren’t quite as strong as steel hinges, but they weigh
less than their steel counterparts. Aluminum weighs about 40% less than steel. In applications
where multiple hinges are used, this means that using aluminum hinges can reduce the overall
weight and, subsequently, stress placed on the connected objects. Another benefit of choosing
aluminum hinges is the fact that they don’t rust. Rust, as previously mentioned, occurs when
moisture — technically the oxygen within moisture — comes into contact with iron. Aluminum
doesn’t contain iron, however, so it doesn’t rust, even when exposed to moisture. Unless it’s
made of aluminum oxide, aluminum can still corrode, but it won’t rust. As a result, aluminum
hinges are often used outdoors where the climate can’t be easily

35
CHAPTER-2

36
 Review of Literature

Introduction:
Hinge is a mechanical component that’s used to join the surfaces of two objects. It allows the
surfaces to rotate around a fixed axis. One of the most common applications of hinges is doors.
Whether in a home or commercial workplace, doors are usually installed into the door frame
using a hinge. The hinge keeps the door in place while also allowing it to rotate open and closed.
If you’re planning to buy hinges for your company, though, you might be wondering which
material is best: aluminum or steel. Hinges are available in several different materials, two of the
most common being aluminum and steel. And while both materials can be used to create
effective, high-quality hinges, there are a few nuances between the two.

Steel Hinges Steel hinges are strong, long-lasting and highly durable. Steel itself is an alloy
featuring a combination of iron, carbon and other trace elements. Because it’s made of readily
available materials, steel hinges are also inexpensive. For these reasons, steel hinges have
become a popular choice among manufacturing companies and other buyers. All steel features
iron and carbon, but there are different types of steel. Some hinges, for example, are made of
traditional steel, whereas others are made of 9 stainless steel. Stainless steel is characterized by
added chromium, which works to protect the metal from rust and oxidation. It’s called “stainless

37
 steel” because the added layer of chromium prevents the intrusion of moisture. When moisture
isn’t able to reach the iron compounds within a steel hinge, it won’t develop rust or corrosion.
Traditional steel lacks this protective layer of chromium, making it vulnerable to rust and
corrosion.

Aluminum Hinges Aluminum hinges aren’t quite as strong as steel hinges, but they weigh less
than their steel counterparts. Aluminum weighs about 40% less than steel. In applications where
multiple hinges are used, this means that using aluminum hinges can reduce the overall weight
and, subsequently, stress placed on the connected objects. Another benefit of choosing aluminum
hinges is the fact that they don’t rust. Rust, as previously mentioned, occurs when moisture —
technically the oxygen within moisture — comes into contact with iron. Aluminum doesn’t
contain iron, however, so it doesn’t rust, even when exposed to moisture. Unless it’s made of
aluminum oxide, aluminum can still corrode, but it won’t rust. As a result, aluminum hinges are
often used outdoors where the climate can’t be easily controlled.

Choosing the right hinge material

First, you need to think about the type of hinge you need. You can learn more about
your choices in our guide, Types of hinges and where to use them. Once you’ve chosen
the type, you need to consider what you want from your hinges. This will, of course,
have helped you determine the best hinge type for your application, but it also plays a
role in helping you decide if you should choose a stainless steel hinge or an aluminium
hinge.

 Will the door, panel or cover they’re adjoined to open and close frequently, creating a
high amount of wear and tear
 What is your application’s maximum working load?
 What about environment? Will the hinges resist corrosion? Will they be used outdoors?
 Is aesthetic appeal important?
 Should the material offer good workability? It’s not uncommon to have to cut or weld a
hinge.

And of course, budget will always be a consideration. Once you determine your
priorities, you’ll have a better idea of the right material for your needs.

Stainless steel hinges: pros and cons

Stainless steels come in different grades. This has nothing to do with quality, but rather,
each grade is formulated differently. You can learn more in our guide, Understanding
stainless-steel grades.

Pros:
● Corrosion resistance

Stainless steels are iron-based alloys with a minimum of 10.5% chromium. The more
chromium, the more corrosion resistance. Over time, corrosion can form in crevices.

38
 Surface pitting can also develop, but this can take years to happen, depending on the
grade.

● Strength-to-weight ratio

Stainless-steel door hinges can be thinner than other metal hinges, yet still maintain its
strength while providing greater load-bearing capabilities. This can be reflected in the
cost of the hinge, as you’re paying for less material.

● Temperature resistance

The chromium that makes stainless steel corrosion resistant also helps it stand up to
high temperatures. Stainless steel also contains nickel and manganese, which helps the
material withstand sub-zero temperatures. It does risk becoming brittle, but still,
stainless steel hinges are ideal for outdoor applications.

Cons:
● Upfront cost

While the strength-to-weight ratio means thinner material can do the job, stainless steel
can still be expensive compared to other metals. The cost, however, is upfront. Given
the advantages of stainless steel, it offers good value for the money.

Aluminium hinges: pros and cons

Durable aluminium has low tensile strength, so it’s typically alloyed with other metals to
improve its performance. This means that not all aluminium hinges are created equal.
So much depends on the mechanical properties of the alloys used. Still, we can make
some generalisations.

Pros:
● Lightweight

Pure aluminium is a lightweight material. Even with the addition of alloys, it remains
light. Steel hinges are around 40% heavier than aluminium, which in turn weigh about a
third of stainless steel hinges. This is why aluminium is so popular for components in
industries such as automotive and aerospace.

● Long lasting

Don’t mistake these hinges’ light weight for lack of durability. These are long lasting.
You can even find heavy-duty aluminium hinges.

39
 ● Resistance to cold temperatures

While aluminium doesn’t compare to stainless steel for withstanding hot temperatures, it
does do a better job of resisting the cold. As already mentioned stainless steel can
become brittle in freezing cold, while aluminium’s tensile strength increases.

● Corrosion resistance

As there is no iron in aluminium, hinges made from this material don’t rust – even when
exposed to moisture. This is why aluminium hinges for boats are commonplace. Like
stainless steel, aluminium hinges are ideal for outdoor applications.

● Workability

Stainless steel hinges are abrasion and wear resistant, while aluminium is a softer
material. This makes aluminium hinges easier still to drill, for example.

Cons:
● Stainless steel vs aluminium strength is no contest. If toughness is your first priority,
choose stainless steel over aluminium door hinges.

Hinge applications: examples

Both hinge materials serve many of the same applications. The differences between
these materials are therefore more nuanced than distinct. For example, aluminium
shutter hinges and those made of stainless steel both perform well outdoors. Your
choice therefore might come down to cost, or if you need the toughest material. Below
are examples of common applications for each material.

40
 Stainless
Application Aluminium
steel

Machinery covers ✔ ✔

Electrical panels ✔ ✔

Security doors ✔ ✔

Cabinets ✔ ✔

Enclosures ✔ ✔

Specialty vehicles ✔

Gates ✔ ✔

Outdoor furniture ✔

Generators ✔

Heavy-duty hinges
These are needed to support and provide stability to frequently used heavy doors and
gates. For interior doors, heavy-duty steel hinges are the norm while stainless-steel
hinges for doors are used outside. Generally, grade 316 stainless steel exterior door
hinges are considered heavy duty.

Another definition is simpler: heavy-duty stainless steel hinges and aluminium heavy-
duty hinges use a thicker gauge of material than their everyday counterparts. Nearly
every hinge has a heavy-duty version, such as heavy-duty stainless-steel lift-off hinges.

41
 Types of stainless-steel hinges
Below are examples of stainless-steel and hinges, along with their uses.

Lift-off screw mount hinge

Stainless-steel lift-off hinges make it easy to remove flush-mounted doors.

 Left-handed mounting
 Maximum rotation angle: 180°

Ideal for: Electric panels and machinery covers

Countersunk mount leaf hinge

These stainless-steel hinges for doors are suited for both right- and left-hand
applications.

 Flush-mounted doors with threaded stud installations

 Maximum rotation angle: 270°

42
  Electropolish finish

Ideal for: Plain/flush mounted doors, electrical panels and covers

Leaf and strap hinge

Stainless steel strap hinge combined with a butt hinge, also known as a T hinge.

 Long leaf provides extra stability

 Maximum rotation angle: 180°

Ideal for: Generators, machinery covers, electric panels

Offset hinge

Provides extra clearance for wider passageway through door. A cost-effective

alternative to widening a doorway.

 Surface mounting style

 Maximum rotation angle: 90°

43
 Ideal for: Wherever easy entry is needed for wheelchairs or heavy equipment

Concealed hinge

Stainless-steel concealed hinges are installed inside enclosures to prevent tampering

from the outside. These are a type of stainless-steel security hinges.

 Provides a minimalist look

 Maximum rotation angle: 120°

Ideal for: Metal enclosures and machinery covers

Types of aluminium hinges

Examples of aluminium hinges include the following:

Weld-on hinges – bullet

44
 Used when the hinge must be secured to a metal surface, especially when space is
restricted.

 Installed by welding
 Flat surface for ease of welding
 Stainless-steel bullet hinges also available

Ideal for: Security doors, specialty vehicles, metal cabinets and gates; you can learn
more in our Guide to weld-on bullet hinges.

Continuous hinges

Also called a piano hinge, it fits along the full length of a door or lid to evenly distribute a
load.

 Undrilled mounting holes

 Stainless steel piano hinges are also available

Ideal for: Cabinets and enclosures, sheds, furniture manufacturing, patio doors. You can
learn more in our Guide to piano hinges.

45
 Spring hinges

Fitted with a spring mechanism to automatically open and close doors.

 Adjustable to enable you to decide how fast or slow you want the door to operate

Ideal for: Swing doors in hospitals

Detent hinges

Designed to offer a limited angle of rotation, these set-position, torque hinges hold
doors in place.

 Indented every 30° to keep door positioned

 Torque is factory preset, with different torque values available
 Made of anodised aluminium

Ideal for: Doors, hatches and access panels on cabinets and enclosures for IT and
telecoms equipment, HVAC, manufacturing machinery and processing and packaging
equipment

46
 Research Methodology
Meaning of Research-
Research as- the manipulation of things, concept of symbols for the purpose of
generalize to extend, correct or verify knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in
construction of theory or in the practice of an art.

Research Methodology-

47
 The process used to collect information and data for the purpose of making
business decisions. The methodology may include publication research,
interviews, surveys and other research techniques, and could include both
present and historical information.

OBJECTIVES OF STUDY:
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE

 To study comparision between steel hinges and alumunium hinges at

TEMCRON STEEL INDUSTRIES .

SECONDARY OBJECTIVE

 To identify better option between steel hinges and almuniym hinges

 To study the difference between alumunium and steel hinges

RESEARCH DESIGN:

Research design is the framework of research methods and techniques chosen by

a researcher to conduct a study. The design allows researchers to sharpen the
research methods suitable for the subject matter and set up their studies for
success.

Types of Research Designs are:

1. Descriptive: In a descriptive composition, a researcher is solely interested in

describing the situation or case under their research study. It is a theory-based
design method created by gathering, analyzing, and presenting collected data.
This allows a researcher to provide insights into the why and how of research.
Descriptive design helps others better understand the need for the research. If
the problem statement is not clear, you can conduct exploratory research.

2. Experimental: Experimental research establishes a relationship between the

cause and effect of a situation. It is a causal design where one observes the
impact caused by the independent variable on the dependent variable. For
example, one monitors the influence of an independent variable such as a price

48
 on a dependent variable such as customer satisfaction or brand loyalty. It is an
efficient research method as it contributes to solving a problem.

The independent variables are manipulated to monitor the change it has on the
dependent variable. Social sciences often use it to observe human behavior by
analyzing two groups. Researchers can have participants change their actions and
study how the people around them react to understand social psychology better.

3. Correlational research: Correlational research is a non-experimental research.

It helps researchers establish a relationship between two closely connected
variables. There is no assumption while evaluating a relationship between two
other variables, and statistical analysis techniques calculate the relationship
between them. This type of research requires two different groups.

A correlation coefficient determines the correlation between two variables whose

values range between -1 and +1. If the correlation coefficient is towards +1, it
indicates a positive relationship between the variables, and -1 means a negative
relationship between the two variables.

1. Diagnostic research: In diagnostic design, the researcher is looking to

evaluate the underlying cause of a specific topic or phenomenon. This
method helps one learn more about the factors that create troublesome
situations.

SOURCES OF DATA COLLECTION

1.Primary Data:

 Primary data means first-hand information collected by an investigator.

 It is collected for the first time.

 It is original and more reliable.

 For example, the population census conducted by the government of India

after every ten years is primary data.

Methods of Collecting Primary Data

1. Direct personal investigation

49
 2. Indirect oral investigation
3. Information through correspondents
4. Telephonic interview
5. Mailed questionnaire
6. The questionnaire filled by enumerators

2.Secondary data:

 Secondary data refers to second-hand information.

 It is not originally collected and rather obtained from already published or
unpublished sources.
 For example, the address of a person taken from the telephone directory or
the phone number of a company taken from Just Dial are secondary data.

3.Sample Design:
A sample design is a definite plan for obtaining a sample from a given population.
It refers to the technique or the procedure the researcher would adopt in
selecting items for the sample. Sample design also leads to a procedure to tell the
number of items to be included in the sample i.e., the size of the sample. Hence,
sample design is determined before the collection of data. Among various types
of sample design technique, the researcher should choose that samples which are
reliable and appropriate for his research study.

Steps in Sample Design

There are various steps which the researcher should follow. Those are;

1. Type of universe: In the first step the researcher should clarify and should be
expert in the study of universe. The universe may be finite (no of items are know)
or Infinite (numbers of items are not know).
2. Sampling unit: A decision has to be taken concerning a sampling unit before
selecting a sample. Sampling unit may be a geographical one such as state,
district, village etc., or construction unit such as house, flat, etc., or it may be a
social unit such as family, club, school etc., or it may be an individual.
3. Source list: Source list is known as ‘sampling frame’ from which sample is to be
drawn. It consists the names of all items of a universe. Such a list would be

50
 comprehensive, correct, reliable and appropriate and the source list should be a
representative of the population.
4. Size of sample:  Size of sample refers to the number of items to be selected from
the universe to constitute a sample. Selection of sample size is a headache to the
researcher. The size should not be too large or too small rather it should be
optimum. An optimum sample is one which fulfills the requirements of efficiency,
representativeness, reliability and flexibility. The parameters of interest in a
research study must be kept in view, while deciding the size of the sample. Cost
factor i.e., budgetary conditions should also be taken into consideration.
5. Sampling procedure: In the final step of the sample design, a researcher must
decide the type of the sample s/he will use i.e., s/he must decide about the
techniques to be used in selecting the items for the sample.

TOOLS OF DATA COLLECTION:

51
 QUESTIONNAIRES

This is the process of collecting data through an instrument consisting of a

series of questions and prompts to receive a response from individuals it is
administered to. Questionnaires are designed to collect data from a group.

For clarity, it is important to note that a questionnaire isn’t a survey, rather it

forms a part of it. A survey is a process of data gathering involving a variety of
data collection methods, including a questionnaire.

On a questionnaire, there are three kinds of questions used. They are; fixed-
alternative, scale, and open-ended. With each of the questions tailored to the
nature and scope of the research.

Pros

 Can be administered in large numbers and is cost-effective.

 It can be used to compare and contrast previous research to measure

change.

52
  Easy to visualize and analyze.

 Questionnaires offer actionable data.

 Respondent identity is protected.

 Questionnaires can cover all areas of a topic.

 Relatively inexpensive.

Cons

 Answers may be dishonest or the respondents lose interest midway.

 Questionnaires can’t produce qualitative data.

 Questions might be left unanswered.

 Respondents may have a hidden agenda.

 Not all questions can be analyzed easily.

EXISTING DATA

This is the introduction of new investigative questions in addition to/other than

the ones originally used when the data was initially gathered. It involves adding
measurement to a study or research. An example would be sourcing data from
an archive.

Pros

 Accuracy is very high.

 Easily accessible information.

Cons

 Problems with evaluation.

53
  Difficulty in understanding.

TECHNICAL DETAILS:- 1. Manufacturing of Hinges, Hasps and staples are coming under Builders
Hardware Industry (the construction and furniture manufacturing sectors). (Manufacture of other
fabricated metal products, metal working service activities. 2. End users of these products are Builders
and furniture manufacturers. 3. Indian specifications :- (a) Stainless steel Butt Hinges IS 12817:2013
(b)Steel Butt Hinges IS 1341: 1992 (c) Continuous (Piano)Hinges IS 38181992 (d) Hasps and Staples IS
363:1993 4. International standards: (a) DIN EN 1935 classification of Hinges (b) BS EN 1935:2002 Hinges
(c) ANSI 156.1 Hinge is a mechanical component that’s used to join the surfaces of two objects. It allows
the surfaces to rotate around a fixed axis. One of the most common applications of hinges is doors.
Whether in a home or commercial workplace, doors are usually installed into the door frame using a
hinge. The hinge keeps the door in place while also allowing it to rotate open and closed. If you’re
planning to buy hinges for your company, though, you might be wondering which material is best:
aluminum or steel. Hinges are available in several different materials, two of the most common being
aluminum and steel. And while both materials can be used to create effective, high-quality hinges, there
are a few nuances between the two.

54
 Chapter 4
Data Analysis&Interpretation

55
 SWOT ANALYSES
To sum up the details accounted in the above sections, a SWOT analysis is the perfect tool to analyze the
strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of domestically manufacturing “Hinges,Hasps and staples.”.
STRENGTH WEAKNESS  Conventionally Simple process with High technology infusion to manufacture of
this product.  Easily available technology  Flexible budget and can be started with any investment
limit.  Fit to be manufactured in any location.  Availability of trained human resource  Existence of
Ready market Real Estate, Construction Field, Furniture Manufacturing Industries  Govt’s favorable
policy support for procurement  One of the 358 items to be purchasedby the Govt. Agencies.  Existing
Govt. schemes enable financial support with incentives for startups.  Lot of Scope for imports, it is
already being export.  The investment is high inventory turnover ratio and bulk orders i.e mass
production are the advantage of the product  Mass Production, high skilled Man power are essential 
Though existence of ready market, the size of the demand is very large, Automation is required 
Automation is costly and High Capital Investment  smaller parts compact designs for components
inherently shrink the “real estate’ available to place and install hardware. Miniature fastener types and
styles have evolved to fit effectively in the increasingly restrictive design envelopes encountered in
industries ranging from Building construction Industry.  Cost of Automation is High  This product is
used by specific target groups and the percentage of the users is very limited.  Though lot of support
measures are available, itis not easy for everyone to exploit the benefits.  Getting hand holding support
at the rural area deprives prospects of many.  High Investment for automation  Competition with
Domestic and globally  Customers requirement different desings,material etc  Increasing Raw material
cost is day by day. OPPORTUNITY THREAT  Participating the Domestic and global Trade Fairs,
Exhibitions, Buyers - Sellers meets/ conferences, etc. for showcasing the products and trade
negotiations from each side.  MSMEs participation in production network, value chains, manufacturing
and services sector, technical assistance and capacity building. This will help boosting country’s MSME
exports to new heights and restricting imports to large extent.  Demand is likely to increase
steadilyonce the percentage of users of this item is increased by proper marketingtechniques. 
Sector/Product specific market studies may be given priority through International Exchange
Programme under MSME Cooperation Scheme.  Competition with Global market i.e china (Low price) 
In Pandemic Covid – 19 situation many units which forced them to lock-down/closed restrict and their
production their units/slashed working hours which resulted forced layoffs.  Due to slow down
industrial activities I.e Real Estate. Construction Field many entrepreneurs restricting their production,
as a result most of the units are unable to meet give salaries and utilities. i.e the basic expenses such as
electricity bills and salary payments, etc.  PSU/CPSU’S and Govt.Organizations are payment delay to
suppliers for slow-down of these MSME’S  Scarcity and non availability of raw materials such as alloys,
stainless steel and copper in india are big draw back hindering the growth of the market.  The Increase
of prices of raw materials, wh

56
 FINDINGS
In TEMCRON STEEL INDUSTRIES most of the employees feel that they are
producing good quality products as stee; hings give good accuracy to customers
and steel hings are better in quality than alumunium hinges.

57
 SUGGESTIONS

 Plant layout is needed to improve.

 Quality of steel should be improved more in order to have value customers

CONCLUSION

1) Hinges,Hasp and stapples is reserved in 358 items for exclusive procurement from MSEs by CPSUs and
Govt. departments. Hinges,Hatches and staples is domestic hardware material and used everywhere in
construction field, Furniture manufacturing, it is also procured by general public to whom it is not
mandatory to procure it from MSEs. Other than central govt. organizations and general public are
procuring it from open market and also importing to suit their needs / passion 2) As per While getting
raw material quotation its observed that, cost of china as compare to in India is cheaper than Indian
specifications. Raw material cost affects profitability of enterprise. Govt should give subsidies on the raw

58
materials. 3) e- market place is a platform created by Govt. of India for government procurement where
suppliers are from only India. All reserved 358 items can be made mandatorily procure from GeM
platform. It will help CPSUs / Govt. ministries to get vendor for all reserved items and there will be no
import of these items. 4) Following cluster approach in manufacturing of hinges, hatches and staples its
spares at established at SEZ, will reduce cost of raw material production, transportation cost etc,
reduced cost of raw material will support to reduce import of hinges,hatches and staples 5) At present
Scenario our Manufactures exporting steel hinges is more as compare to the Importing for last 05
year,Hence lot of potentiality is there for manufacturing of these productsin india.. the above study
report and Project salient features, the proposed activity seems to be technically feasible and
economically viable for setting up of Hinges,Hasp and stapples manufacturing units by prospective
entrepreneurs. The demands of the Building materials,construction field is expected to expand in the
globally by 5 to 10 percent making business of Hinges, Hasps and staples by the next 05 years plan.
Establishment of more and more manufacturing units by the prospective entrepreneurs and
technological upgradation of the existing units,(towards automation) coupled with the benefits out of
the Government schemes would enhance themanufacturing potential of the domestic Hinges,Hasp and
stapples producers leads to reduction of imports, increase

BIBLIOGRAPHY:-
E-mail : [email protected]

Websites:
 TEMCRON STEEL

59
  essentracomponents.co
 maximizemarketresearch.com

BOOKS-

 Illustrated Guide to Door Hardware: Design, Specification, Selection

 Big Doors Swing on Small Hinges  (English, Paperback, Mardis Roger
D)

OTHER RESOURCES:-
Magazine
Through Questioners

60
QUESTIONNAIRE

Age

a. 20-29
b. 30-39
c. 40-49

d. 50-59
e. 60+

1. State your relation with the company?

a. Customer
b. Supplier
c. Dealer

61
 d. Employee
e. Any other?

2. How long have you been in touch with TEMCRON STEEL INDIA?

a. 0 to 5 years
b. 5 to 8 years
c. 8 to 10 years

d. More than 10 years

3. What is your opinion about TEMCRON STEEL INDIA customer acceptance and profitability?

a. Very High
b. High
c. Balanced

d. Low
e. Very low

4. Does your house recently made?

a. Yes
b. No
5. Have your house renovated recently?

a. Yes
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 b. No

6. How attractive is the offers given by TEMCRON STEEL INDIA compared to its competitors?

a. Very attractive
b. Similar to competitors
c. Very attractive

7. Which types of hinges you have attached in your door ?

a. Aluminium hinges
b. Steel hinges
8. How do you categorize the quality of steel hinges Products?

a. Excellent
b. Above Standard
c. Average

d. Could Improve
e. Poor
10.which types of hinges does your relative perfer?

a. Aluminium hinges
b. Steel hinges
11. When do you think the Industry hits the maximum sales?

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 a. Summer
b. Monsoon
c. Winter

d. Autumn
12.How do you rate the after sales service of TEMCRON STEEL INDIA?

a. Excellent
b. Average
c. Poor

13.Do you think steel hinges survive more than aluminium hinges?

a. Yes
b. No
c. Not sure

1. What do you think about pricing of TEMCRON STEEL INDIA products?

a. High
b. Similar to competitors
c. Low

2. What made you to have the relation with this company?

a. Position in the market

b. Brand name
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 c. Products and Services

d. Satisfied customers

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