Advances in Health Sciences Research (AHSR), volume 14

1st International Conference on Inter-Professional Health Collaboration (ICIHC 2018)

Effectiveness Test Antimicrobial Infusion

Gotu Kola Leaf Extract (Centella
Asiatical) On The Growth
Staphylococcus Aureus
Heti Rais Khasanah Putri Widelia Welkriana Krisyanella
Jurusan Analis Kesehatan Jurusan Analis Kesehatan
Politeknik Jurusan Analis Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Politeknik
Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Kementerian
Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Kesehatan
Bengkulu Bengkulu Bengkulu
Bengkulu, Indonesia Bengkulu, Indonesia Bengkulu, Indonesia
[email protected] [email protected]

[1]
Bengkulu. One of the causes of skin infections are
Abstract- Infection is a disease that causes tissue damage. bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, and
[2]
One cause of skin infections is bacteria Staphylococcus Escherichia coli. Staphylococcus aureus is generally
aureus. Utilization of natural materials as traditional found to be more than 20-30% in the nose and skin of
medicine in Indonesia is now increasing. Centella Asiatica is adults. Bacteria Staphylococcus aureus can infect skin such
[3]
one of the nutritious plants for medicine, contains active as bile, acne and wound infections.
antibacterial components such as saponin or asiatikosida, Treatment for infectious skin diseases by
alkaloid, flavonoids, and tannins. Saponins or asiaticocides administration of antibiotics is a material produced by
are lipophilic which can form complex compounds with cell microorganisms that can kill or inhibit the the growth of
membranes through hydrogen bonds, then destroy the other microorganisms. One of the antibiotics used is
permeability of bacterial cell walls. This research is to test the tetracycline. Increased use of antibiotics, spur the increased
effectivity of antimicrobial substances contained in the extract resistance of bacteria to the antibiotic. To prevent the
of Leaf kola leaf infusion as a traditional medicine to the occurrence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics should be
growth of Staphylococcus aureus, with the descriptive survey developed research in the discovery of new drugs derived
[4]
design method to find out the effectiveness of Inca leaf from nature.
infusion extract zone (Centella Asiatica L) to bacteria Utilization of natural materials as traditional
Staphylococcus aureus. Result: The concentration formed medicine in Indonesia has recently increased, even some
inhibition zone of bacterial growth Staphylococcus aureus is natural materials have been manufactured in fabrication or
25% concentration average 7.25 mm, 50% average 11.3 mm, on a large scale. The use of traditional medicine is
75% average 12,75 mm, and 100% average 17 , 6 mm. considered to have fewer side effects compared with
Conclusion: Leaf kola infusion extract (Centella Asiatica L) chemicals, besides that the price is more affordable. A large
on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus forming inhibit zone
number of studies on traditional medicines is expected to
at concentrations 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. [5]
promote traditional medicine. Indonesia is known as the
Keywords: Effectiveness, Pegagan leaf, Staphylococcus second largest natural resource country after Brazil. The
aureus. natural resources are spread from Sabangsampai Merauke.
Indonesia has about 30,000 plant species from 40,000 plant
I. INTRODUCTION species in the world940 of which can be used for medicine
Infection is a disease that causes damage to (this amount represents 90% of the number of medicinal
the body or tissues caused by organisms such as bacteria, plants in Asia). A large number of medicinal plants, only
viruses, and fungi. Infection occurs because the about 20-22% are cultivated, while the other 78% is
environment is too susceptible to bacteria. Based on data [6]
obtained through direct harvesting from the forest.
from the Provincial Health Office of Bengkulu in 2015
Centella Asiatica is one of the nutritious crops for
cases of skin infections that occurred as much as 5.611 in
medicine and is often used for traditional medicine, such as
the city of
antidiarrheal drugs. Plants that have the Latin name
Centella Asiatica often found in open places, Centella
Asiatica contains chemicals such as asiatikosida (including
parts of saponins), which has benefits for wound healing

Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. 136

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/).
 Advances in Health Sciences Research (AHSR), volume 14

and also anti lepra. Another benefit of this plant is for the TABLE 4 1 RESULT OF ZONE DIAMETER OF
treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, epilepsy and also for UNIVARIATE TEST
[6]
memory improvement. Concentratio Classificatio Effecti
Centella Asiatica contains antibacterial active n of Inhibition zone diameter (mm) Average n veness
(mm) Davis (%)
components such as saponins or asiatikosida, alkaloids, Repla Repl Repla Repla
flavonoids, and tannins. Asiatikosida can inhibit skin y ay y y Stout
1 2 3 4
cells that can be seen in wound healing by increasing the 12,5% 0 0 0 0 0 No 0%
rate of migration of skin cells, reaching the adhesion of
25% 7,5 8 13,5 0 7,25 Medium 28,7%
early skin cells, promoting an increase in the average
50% 13,75 10,25 13 8,5 11,3 Strong 44,7%
amount of human dermal fibroblasts. Saponins or 11,7
asiaticocides are lipophilic which can form complex 75% 11 14 14,25 5 12,75 Strong 50,4%
compounds with cell membranes through hydrogen 13,7
100% 17,25 17,25 22,5 5 17,6 Strong 69,7%
bonds, then destroy the permeability of bacterial cell Positive
[6] Control 26,5 23 24,5 27 25,25 Very Strong 100%
walls.
Negative
According to a study by NS Jagtap et al. in 2005, Control 0 0 0 0 0 No 0%
Pegagan plant extract also had an antibacterial effect
against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and
Propionibacterium vulgaris. In addition to antibacterial,
Gotu kola can also be used as an antifungal against
IV. DISCUSSION
Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Candida
albicans. Seeing the above problem, the researcher is This study was successfully performed with the result of
interested in researching antimicrobial effectivity test of the research is the formation of a clear zone in the bacterial
Leaf Penagan leaf extract (Centella Asiatica L) at various growth medium of Staphylococcus aureus. At the
concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% to concentration of 12.5% of the infusion of 12.5% beta leaf
inhibit the growth of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. of the pegagan leaf, there is no inhibition zone to inhibit the
growth of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. However, at the
II. METHODS
treated concentration of 25% of the inhibiting zone
The research used descriptive laboratory obtained at each repeatability were 7.5 mm, 8 mm, 13.5
method. Laboratory representative survey is conducted mm, 0 mm, averaging 7.25 in the medium category.
on a set of objects that usually aims to see the picture of Moreover, at the concentration treatment of 50% pagan leaf
the phenomenon that occurs within a particular infusion extract, the clear zone diameter obtained at each
[7]
population. This study looked at the effectiveness of repetition is 13,75 mm, 10,25 mm, 13 mm, 8,5 mm, mean
antimicrobial inhibition zone of leaf infusion Centella 11,3 mm, with strong category, on the treatment of
Asiatica L on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. extract concentration of 75% pagan leaf, the clear zone
diameter obtained at each repeating is 11 mm, 14 mm,
14,25 mm, 11,75 mm, mean 12,75 mm, with strong
III. RESULTS
category, at concentration treatment 100% Pegagan leaf
Regarding the study of the inhibition zone of info li extract, clear zone diameter obtained at each
Centella leaf infusion extract on growth of repetition was 17,25 mm, 17,25 mm, 22,5 mm, 13,75 mm,
Staphylococcus aureus, it was found that the and average 17,6 mm, with strong category.
concentration of infused extract was directly proportional This study used a negative control (-) that is
to the growth zone of growth Staphylococcus aureus. At aquadest with 0 mm clear zone or no inhibition zone
concentration 12,5% did not get inhibition zone, while formed on medium Muller Hilton Agar, and a positive
concentration 100% got the average of inhibiting zone of control (+) tetracycline 500 mg used as a comparison with
17,6 mm, from the statement above can be seen table 26.5 mm repetition, 23 mm, 24.5 mm, 27 mm, the average
below the following: inhibition zone formed is 25.25 mm with the extreme
category which is used as a comparison of drag zone
formed on media Muller Hilton agar.

From the research result, it can be seen that Leaf

Penagan leaf extract (Centella Asiatica L) can inhibit the
growth of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and the result of
inhibition zone obtained with moderate category at 25%

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 Advances in Health Sciences Research (AHSR), volume 14

concentration, and active at concentrations of 50%, 75%, considerable obstacle zone when compared with the
100%, and positive control of tetracycline. concentration others.
The formation of the drag zone or clear zone This research is in line with previous research
around the disc paper shows the occurrence of inhibition using 96% ethanol extract where the result of the research
of bacterial colony growth due to the influence of is the area of drag zone which is directly proportional to the
compounds contained in leaf extract of pegagan level of extract concentration used, and in my research
(Centella Asiatica L). Flavonoid compounds, saponins, using infuse extract also obtained results that are directly
and terpenoids contained in leaf extract of pegagan proportional to the concentration level where the higher the
(Centella Asiatica L) is a class of bioactive compounds concentration, the larger the drag zone is formed.
that can inhibit bacterial growth. Based on the results of
previous research it is known that the compound
flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids are an active V. CONCLUSION
compound inhibits bacterial growth.
The ability of an antimicrobial agent in The concentration of 12.5% of leaf extract of
inhibiting the growth of microorganisms depends on the Pegagan leaf (Centella Asiatica L) on growth of
concentration of the antimicrobial. This means that the Staphylococcus aureus has an inhibitory zone of 0 mm,
amount of antimicrobial ingredients in a medium of 25% concentration has an inhibit zone of 7.25 mm, a
bacterial growth greatly determines the life of exposed concentration of 50% has an average zone 11.3 mm
bacteria. In addition to the concentration factor, the inhibitory, 75% concentration has an inhibit zone of 12.75
antimicrobial type also determines the ability to inhibit mm, and 100% concentration has an average of 17.6 mm
bacterial growth. In this study suspected bacterial inhibition zone.
susceptibility Staphylococcus aureus because of the The concentration of Pegagan leaf infusion
chemical content in leaf extract of Centella Asiatica L (Centella Asiatica L) which effectively inhibited the
(Centella Asiatica L) in the form of saponins, growth of Staphylococcus aureus was at leaf concentration
flavonoids, and terpenoids that are as antibacterial. of Reagan 50% with an average of 11.3 mm, 75% with a
The occurrence of inhibition of bacterial colony mean of 12.75 mm and 100% with the average of 17.6 mm.
growth is due to the damage that occurs in the structural
components of bacterial cell membranes. The terpenoid REFERENCES
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Gotu kola has an excellent antibacterial effect seen at
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growth of Staphylococcus aureus, the concentration of
extract is antibacterial strongly categorized to cause a

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