//

Based
on the
work by
DFRobot

#include "LiquidCrystal_I2C.h"

#include <inttypes.h>

#if defined(ARDUINO) && ARDUINO >= 100

#include "Arduino.h"

#define printIIC(args) Wire.write(args)

inline size_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::write(uint8_t value) {

send(value, Rs);

return 1;

#else

#include "WProgram.h"

#define printIIC(args) Wire.send(args)

inline void LiquidCrystal_I2C::write(uint8_t value) {

send(value, Rs);
}

#endif

#include "Wire.h"

// When the display powers up, it is configured as follows:

//

// 1. Display clear

// 2. Function set:

// DL = 1; 8-bit interface data

// N = 0; 1-line display

// F = 0; 5x8 dot character font

// 3. Display on/off control:

// D = 0; Display off

// C = 0; Cursor off

// B = 0; Blinking off

// 4. Entry mode set:

// I/D = 1; Increment by 1

// S = 0; No shift

//

// Note, however, that resetting the Arduino doesn't reset the LCD, so we

// can't assume that its in that state when a sketch starts (and the
// LiquidCrystal constructor is called).

LiquidCrystal_I2C::LiquidCrystal_I2C(uint8_t lcd_Addr,uint8_t lcd_cols,uint8_t

_Addr = lcd_Addr;

_cols = lcd_cols;

_rows = lcd_rows;

_backlightval = LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::oled_init(){

_oled = true;

init_priv();

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init(){

init_priv();

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_priv()

Wire.begin();

_displayfunction = LCD_4BITMODE | LCD_1LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS;

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::begin(uint8_t cols, uint8_t lines, uint8_t dotsize) {

if (lines > 1) {

_displayfunction |= LCD_2LINE;

_numlines = lines;

// for some 1 line displays you can select a 10 pixel high font

if ((dotsize != 0) && (lines == 1)) {

_displayfunction |= LCD_5x10DOTS;

// SEE PAGE 45/46 FOR INITIALIZATION SPECIFICATION!

// according to datasheet, we need at least 40ms after power rises above

// before sending commands. Arduino can turn on way befer 4.5V so we'll
wait 50

delay(50);

// Now we pull both RS and R/W low to begin commands

expanderWrite(_backlightval);// reset expanderand turn backlight off (Bit

delay(1000);
 //put the LCD into 4 bit mode

// this is according to the hitachi HD44780 datasheet

// figure 24, pg 46

// we start in 8bit mode, try to set 4 bit mode

write4bits(0x03 << 4);

delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms

// second try

write4bits(0x03 << 4);

delayMicroseconds(4500); // wait min 4.1ms

// third go!

write4bits(0x03 << 4);

delayMicroseconds(150);

// finally, set to 4-bit interface

write4bits(0x02 << 4);

// set # lines, font size, etc.

command(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | _displayfunction);

// turn the display on with no cursor or blinking default

_displaycontrol = LCD_DISPLAYON | LCD_CURSOROFF | LCD_BLINKOFF;

// clear it off

clear();

// Initialize to default text direction (for roman languages)

_displaymode = LCD_ENTRYLEFT | LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT;

// set the entry mode

command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);

home();

/********** high level commands, for the user! */

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::clear(){

command(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY);// clear display, set cursor position to zero

delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!

if (_oled) setCursor(0,0);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::home(){

command(LCD_RETURNHOME); // set cursor position to zero

delayMicroseconds(2000); // this command takes a long time!

}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setCursor(uint8_t col, uint8_t row){

int row_offsets[] = { 0x00, 0x40, 0x14, 0x54 };

if ( row > _numlines ) {

row = _numlines-1; // we count rows starting w/0

command(LCD_SETDDRAMADDR | (col + row_offsets[row]));

// Turn the display on/off (quickly)

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noDisplay() {

_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_DISPLAYON;

command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::display() {

_displaycontrol |= LCD_DISPLAYON;

command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);

// Turns the underline cursor on/off

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noCursor() {

_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_CURSORON;

command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor() {
 _displaycontrol |= LCD_CURSORON;

command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);

// Turn on and off the blinking cursor

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBlink() {

_displaycontrol &= ~LCD_BLINKON;

command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink() {

_displaycontrol |= LCD_BLINKON;

command(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | _displaycontrol);

// These commands scroll the display without changing the RAM

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayLeft(void) {

command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVELEFT);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::scrollDisplayRight(void) {

command(LCD_CURSORSHIFT | LCD_DISPLAYMOVE | LCD_MOVERIGHT);

// This is for text that flows Left to Right

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::leftToRight(void) {

_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYLEFT;
 command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);

// This is for text that flows Right to Left

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::rightToLeft(void) {

_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYLEFT;

command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);

// This will 'right justify' text from the cursor

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::autoscroll(void) {

_displaymode |= LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;

command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);

// This will 'left justify' text from the cursor

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noAutoscroll(void) {

_displaymode &= ~LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT;

command(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | _displaymode);

// Allows us to fill the first 8 CGRAM locations

// with custom characters

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::createChar(uint8_t location, uint8_t charmap[]) {

command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));

for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {

write(charmap[i]);

//createChar with PROGMEM input

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::createChar(uint8_t location, const char *charmap) {

location &= 0x7; // we only have 8 locations 0-7

command(LCD_SETCGRAMADDR | (location << 3));

for (int i=0; i<8; i++) {

write(pgm_read_byte_near(charmap++));

// Turn the (optional) backlight off/on

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::noBacklight(void) {

_backlightval=LCD_NOBACKLIGHT;

expanderWrite(0);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::backlight(void) {

_backlightval=LCD_BACKLIGHT;

expanderWrite(0);
}

/*********** mid level commands, for sending data/cmds */

inline void LiquidCrystal_I2C::command(uint8_t value) {

send(value, 0);

/************ low level data pushing commands **********/

// write either command or data

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::send(uint8_t value, uint8_t mode) {

uint8_t highnib=value&0xf0;

uint8_t lownib=(value<<4)&0xf0;

write4bits((highnib)|mode);

write4bits((lownib)|mode);

}
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::write4bits(uint8_t value) {

expanderWrite(value);

pulseEnable(value);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::expanderWrite(uint8_t _data){

Wire.beginTransmission(_Addr);

printIIC((int)(_data) | _backlightval);

Wire.endTransmission();

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::pulseEnable(uint8_t _data){

expanderWrite(_data | En); // En high

delayMicroseconds(1); // enable pulse must be >450ns

expanderWrite(_data & ~En); // En low

delayMicroseconds(50); // commands need > 37us to settle

// Alias functions
void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_on(){

cursor();

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::cursor_off(){

noCursor();

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_on(){

blink();

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::blink_off(){

noBlink();

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::load_custom_character(uint8_t char_num, uint8_t *rows){

createChar(char_num, rows);

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setBacklight(uint8_t new_val){

if(new_val){

backlight(); // turn backlight on

noBacklight(); // turn backlight off

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::printstr(const char c[]){

//This function is not identical to the function used for "real" I2C
displays

//it's here so the user sketch doesn't have to be changed

print(c);

// unsupported API functions

#pragma GCC diagnostic push

#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-parameter"

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::off(){}

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::on(){}

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::setDelay (int cmdDelay,int charDelay) {}

uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::status(){return 0;}

uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::keypad (){return 0;}

uint8_t LiquidCrystal_I2C::init_bargraph(uint8_t graphtype){return 0;}

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_horizontal_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column,

void LiquidCrystal_I2C::draw_vertical_graph(uint8_t row, uint8_t column, uint8_t

#pragma GCC diagnostic pop