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    Major Stage 1

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    Vinay Janjirala
    This literature review discusses several studies on the use of glass fibers and recycled concrete aggregates. Some key findings include: - Glass fibers between 0.1-0.5% can increase the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. Higher volumes up to 0.7% saw further flexural strength increases of up to 60%. - Studies found optimum mechanical properties with 0.2-0.3% glass fiber content, including higher compressive, flexural and tensile strengths. - Using recycled concrete aggregates can reduce costs but may lower strength up to 30% compared to conventional concrete. However, research on mitigating this strength reduction has been ongoing since 1945.

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    Major Stage 1

    Uploaded by

    Vinay Janjirala
    18 views11 pages
    This literature review discusses several studies on the use of glass fibers and recycled concrete aggregates. Some key findings include: - Glass fibers between 0.1-0.5% can increase the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. Higher volumes up to 0.7% saw further flexural strength increases of up to 60%. - Studies found optimum mechanical properties with 0.2-0.3% glass fiber content, including higher compressive, flexural and tensile strengths. - Using recycled concrete aggregates can reduce costs but may lower strength up to 30% compared to conventional concrete. However, research on mitigating this strength reduction has been ongoing since 1945.

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    This literature review discusses several studies on the use of glass fibers and recycled concrete aggregates. Some key findings include: - Glass fibers between 0.1-0.5% can increase the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. Higher volumes up to 0.7% saw further flexural strength increases of up to 60%. - Studies found optimum mechanical properties with 0.2-0.3% glass fiber content, including higher compressive, flexural and tensile strengths. - Using recycled concrete aggregates can reduce costs but may lower strength up to 30% compared to conventional concrete. However, research on mitigating this strength reduction has been ongoing since 1945.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    18 views11 pages

    Major Stage 1

    Uploaded by

    Vinay Janjirala
    This literature review discusses several studies on the use of glass fibers and recycled concrete aggregates. Some key findings include: - Glass fibers between 0.1-0.5% can increase the compressive and flexural strength of concrete. Higher volumes up to 0.7% saw further flexural strength increases of up to 60%. - Studies found optimum mechanical properties with 0.2-0.3% glass fiber content, including higher compressive, flexural and tensile strengths. - Using recycled concrete aggregates can reduce costs but may lower strength up to 30% compared to conventional concrete. However, research on mitigating this strength reduction has been ongoing since 1945.

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    of 11

    EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PROBLEMATIC SOIL BY

    USING GEO-JUTE AS SOIL STABILIZER


    A Major Project report submitted in

    Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

    BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

    IN

    CIVIL ENGINEERING

    SUBMITTED BY

    G.PRASHANTH 19671A0151

    J.VINAY 19671A0153

    K.VEDAVYAS 19671A0156

    M.SHIVA KUMAR 19671A0160

    M.MUKESH 19671A0162

    Under the esteemed guidance of

    Mr. Prashanth hugar

    ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

    DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

    J. B. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

    UGC AUTONOMOUS

    (Accredited by NAAC & NBA, Approved by AICTE & Permanently affiliated by


    JNTUH)

    I
    Yenkapally, Moinabad Mandal, R.R. Dist – 75 (TS)

    CONTENTS

    INTRODUCTION ……………. ………. 1- 4


    LITERATURE REVIEW ……………… 5-8
    MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY…….. 9-11

    II
    INTRODUCTION

     General

    Concrete is widely used nowadays in the world after water. Concrete


    technology has progressed rapidly, especially since the 1950s. In that case we
    use recycled concrete. To achieve sustainable in construction area, researchers
    and companies focus on using waste concrete as a new construction material.
    It is called recycled aggregate which can be produced by concrete crusher. The
    aggregates are categorized by size as coarse and fine aggregate. Recycled
    concrete is a concrete aggregate manufactured using pre-existing concrete
    from demolished structures, sidewalks, buildings and roadways. Concrete is
    recycled by using industrial crushing equipment with jaws and large
    impactors. After the concrete is broken up, it is usually run the characteristic
    of recycled aggregates could be different by its parent concrete because the
    parent concrete was designed for its purposes such as permeability, durability
    and high strength concrete through a secondary impactor and is then screened
    to remove dirt and particles and to separate the large and small aggregate. The
    characteristic of recycled aggregates could be different by its parent concrete
    because the parent concrete was designed for its purposes such as
    permeability, durability and high strength concrete . The most significant
    benefits of using recycled concrete are economical and environmental. As
    steel is used most common reinforced material in concrete. By using steel as
    reinforced material which has disadvantages with it. To overcome the
    disadvantages, we use glass fibers as an alternative. Addition of glass fibres
    provides concrete resistant to tension and corrosion.

     Importance Of Fibres

    Fibres are usually used in concrete to control cracking due to plastic


    shrinkage and to drying shrinkage. They also reduce the permeability of
    concrete and thus reduce bleeding of water. Some types of fibres produce
    greater impact, abrasion, and shatter resistance in concrete.

    III
    Advantages and benefits of Fibres in concrete: -

    Fibres inhibit and controls the formation of intrinsic cracking in concrete


    caused both in the plastic and hardened stage of concrete, thus ensuring a more
    durable concrete construction. Fibres reinforce concrete against impact forces,
    thereby improving the toughness characteristics of hardened concrete. Fibres
    improve the resistance to shattering forces caused due to earth- quake loads
    and vibrations induced in machine foundations, thus making concrete a more
    versatile material for such critical applications. Fibres reduce the permeability
    and water migration in concrete, which ensures protection of concrete due to
    the ill effects of moisture

    Types Of Fibres

    There are two methods to categorize fibres as per their modulus of elasticity
    and origin. Within the case of modulus of elasticity of fibres are often
    classified in two ways: a higher modulus of elasticity than a concrete mixture
    (called hard intrusion) and those with a lower modulus of elasticity than the
    concrete mixture (Called soft intrusion) Steel, carbon, glass, Polypropylene
    has a higher modulus of elasticity than the cement mortar matrix. Plant fibres
    has a low elastic modulus. High elasticity fibres can be improved, It has both
    bending strength and impact strength, but low elastic firer the impact strength
    is improved, but bending strength is not. Metallic fibres such as carbon steel,
    stainless steel, steel, fiberglass and asbestos, Organic fibres fall into three
    categories based on their origin of course Synthetic fibres and natural fibres
    are two types of organic fibres. Plant or sisal hemp fibre, Wood fibre, leaf
    fibre, animal fibre, etc. are two types of natural fibres. Hair fibres and fibres
    such as silk. Cellulose and Protein fibres and synthetic fibres are
    Polypropylene and nylon, are into two basic categories.

    GLASS FIBERS

    IV
    Glass fibre is formed when thin strands of silica-based or other formulation
    glass is extruded into many fibres with small diameters suitable for textile
    processing. The technique of heating and drawing glass into fine fibres has
    been known for millennia, and was practiced in Egypt and Venice. Before the
    recent use of these fibres for textile applications, all glass fibre had been
    manufactured as staple (that is, clusters of short lengths of fibre).
    Glass fibre is formed when thin strands of silica-based or other formulation
    glass are extruded into many fibres with small diameters suitable for textile
    processing.

    Advantages of GRC (Glass reinforced concrete)

    • Highly durable
    • Requires very low maintenance
    • Installation is quick and cost effective
    • Weather and fire resistant
    • Economical
    • Energy efficient

    Advantages of Recycled Concrete


    1. Cost saving
    There are no detrimental effects on concrete & it is expected that the
    increase in the cost of cement could be offset by the lower cost of
    Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA).

    2. Save environment
     There is no excavation of natural resources & less transportation.
     Less land is required.
     Less emission of carbon due to less crushing

    3. Save time
     There is no waiting for material availability

    V
    Disadvantages of Recycled Concrete

     less quality (e.g. compressive strength reduces by 10-30%).


     Duration of procurement of materials may affect life cycle of
    project.
     Land, special equipments & machineries are required (more cost).
     Very high-water absorption (up to 6%).
     It has higher drying shrinkage & creep

    VI
    LITERATURE SURVEY

    Discussion On Literature Reviews

    • Deshmukhet al (2012) conducted a research experiment on the effect on


    Ordinary Portland cement with the addition of glass fibre concrete and
    exhibits the mechanical properties and durability of concrete is optimum at
    0.1% fraction of fibre. The compressive strength marginally increases while
    flexural and split tensile strength increases significantly with further increase
    of glass fibre.
    • A research work conducted by Singh and Kumar (2014) illustrated the
    effect of fibre on properties of concrete which clarified that with 0.5percent of
    glass fibre in concrete will result in greater compressive and flexural strength.
    However, flexural strength may significantly increase to 60% as compared to
    its nominal mix with addition of 0.7% of glass fibre.
    • In an experimentation study on reinforcing efficiency of low volume class
    fly ash concrete with glass fibre carried out by Sivakumar and Sounthararajan
    (2013), it was observed that with 25 of fibre in concrete possess the optimum
    value of flexural and compressive strength, which further emits the enhanced
    mechanical characteristics of concrete. It also exhibits significant ultrasonic
    pulse velocity of variant mix composition which improves its hardening effect
    as well.
    • Krishna and Venkateswara (2014) deduce the effect of glass fibres in rigid
    pavement. The study proclaimed that 0.2% of fibre in concrete possess the
    optimum value of compressive, flexural and split tensile strength increasing
    from 12.2N mm2 to 20.4N/mm2, 19.48N/mm2 to 53.96N/mm2 and 17.05
    N/mm2 to 43.77 N/mm2 at 28 days. The pavemer thickness decrease
    economically better than the plain cement concrete.
    • An experiment analysis conducted by Rama Mohan Rao, Sudarshana Rao.
    H, Sekar.S. K on effect of glass fibres on flyash based concrete possess that
    the compressive strength test, split tensile test is done for 7, 28 and 56 days for
    0,0.1,0.2 and 0.3% of glass fibres in M30 grade recycled concrete and found

    VII
    that the compressive, flexural and tensile strength is coming highest at 56 days
    on 0.3% of glass fibres.
    • Avinash Gornale, S Ibrahim Quadri, S Mehmood Quadri, Syed Md Akram
    Ali, Syed Shamsuddin Hussaini conducted test as objective to know the strength
    aspects of glass fibre reinforced concrete in year 2012 and results were
    Compressive Strength Test, Flexural Strength Test, Split Tensile strength Test is
    done for 3,7,28 days for 0.03% of Glass Fibre in M20, M3, M40 Grade of
    concrete and found that the compressive, flexural and split tensile strength is
    coming highest at 28 days in all the grades.
    • Hanson and Torben (1986) stated that since 1945, the research on recycled
    aggregate had been carried out in many countries. Some of the literature reviews
    on recycled aggregate are shown as below.
    • The applications of recycled aggregate in the construction area are very
    wide. There are many testings based on the recycled aggregate have been
    carried out all around the world.

    VIII
    SCOPE AND OBJECTIVE

    Scope of the study


    • As to now, many experiments have done on GRC generally considering
    cement as main binding material. By this project we can be known effect of fly
    ash in M30 grade concrete.
    • Experimentally the minimum required proportions can be known by variations
    of proportion of glass fibre.

    Objective of the study


    • To study the effect of fibre on M30 grade recycled concrete to find the
    optimum dosage.
    • To study the mechanical properties of M30 grade recycled concrete.
    • Comparison between Mix-A (Cement 100%) and Mix-B (Fly ash 30+ cement
    70%).
    • To find out the % use feasible for construction.
    • To reduce the impact of waste materials on environment.
    • To carry out different tests on recycled aggregates & natural aggregates and
    compare their results.
    • To find out the ways of cost saving such as transportation costs, excavation
    costs, etc.

    IX
    Methodology

    Glass Fibre Reinforced Recycled Concrete

    MIX-B (Cement-70% & Fly


    MIX-A (Cement-100%) Ash 30%)

    Varying of fibre dosage


    Varying of fibre dosage

    Compressive strength
    Compressive strength

    Analysis of results
    Analysis of results

    Fig 1: Methodology

    X
    The flowchart is the detail steps that are to be done from the collecting
    of materials to analysis of results.

    Collecting of raw materials

    Testing of materials

    Mix Design

    Casting of cubes

    Moulding

    Curing for 7, 28 days

    Analysis of results

    Fig 2: Schematic Representation of Methodology

    XI

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