ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING

West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

1. Risperidone
Classification and Indications and Side Effects and Adverse
Drug Name Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Action Contraindications Effects
Indications: CNS: neuroleptic malignant  Tell your doctor and pharmacist if you  Monitor B/P, heart rate, weight,
Generic Classifications: Indicated for the syndrome, Seizures, dizziness, are allergic to risperidone or any other LFT, ECG. Monitor for fine tongue
sedation. medications.
Name: treatment of movement (may be first sign of
schizophrenia and  Tell your doctor and pharmacist what
Risperidone Benzisoxazole EENT: visual disturbances, tardive dyskinesia, which may be
irritability associated conjunctivitis, ear pain. prescription and nonprescription
Derivative Second medications, vitamins, nutritional irreversible).
with autistic disorder.
Trade/ Brand generation CV: chest pain, hypotension, supplements and herbal products you  Monitor for suicidal ideation.
It is also indicated as tachycardia, ECG changes,
Name: (Atypical) are taking or plan to take. Be sure to Assess for therapeutic response
monotherapy, or hypertension. mention any of the following:
antipsychotic. adjunct with lithium
(greater interest in surroundings,
Risperdal antidepressants; carbamazepine
Antimanic agent. GI: constipation, abdominal improved self-care, increased
or valproic acid, for (Tegretol); cimetidine (Tagamet);
discomfort, dry mouth, increased ability to concentrate, relaxed
Antipsychotic. the treatment of salivation, nausea, vomiting. clozapine (Clozaril); dopamine
Dosage: acute mania or mixed agonists such as bromocriptine facial expression).
2–6 mg/day Mechanism of episodes associated Derm: sweating. (Parlodel), cabergoline (Dostinex),  Monitor for potential neuroleptic
with bipolar I levodopa (Dopar, Larodopa), malignant syndrome: fever,
Actions: Endo: hyperglycemia. pergolide (Permax), and ropinirole
Route: May antagonize disorder. muscle rigidity, irregular B/P or
(Requip); medications for anxiety,
Oral Hemat: bone marrow changes. pulse, altered mental status.
Dopamine, serotonin high blood pressure, or seizures;
 Monitor fasting serum glucose
Contraindications: Neuro: extrapyramidal reactions. other medications for mental illness;
receptors in both CNS paroxetine (Paxil); phenobarbital periodically during therapy.
Contraindications:
Frequency and periphery. Hypersensitivity to
Resp: Dyspnea. (Luminal, Solfoton); phenytoin  Renal function test, LFT should be
Therapeutic Effect: (Dilantin); quinidine (Quinaglute, per-formed before therapy
and Timing risperidone. Cautions: Misc: weight loss. Quinidex); ranitidine (Zantac);
Suppresses psychotic Renal/hepatic begins.
rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane);
BID impairment, seizure  Assess behaviour, appearance,
behavior. sedatives; sleeping pills; tranquilizers;
disorder, cardiac and valproic acid (Depakote, emotional status, response to
disease, recent MI, ADVERSE EFFECTS Depakene). Your doctor may need to environment, speech pattern,
breast cancer or other change the doses of your medications thought content, baseline weight.
prolactin-dependent Rare reactions include tardive or monitor you carefully for side  Obtain fasting serum glucose,
dyskinesia (characterized by
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

tumors, suicidal pts, pts tongue protrusion, puffing of the effects. CBC.
at risk for aspiration cheeks, chewing or puck-ering of  Avoid tasks that may require
pneumonia. Parkinson’s mouth), neuroleptic malignant alertness, motor skills until
disease, pts at risk for syndrome (hyperpyrexia, muscle
response to drug is established
orthostatic hypotension, rigidity, altered mental status,
irregular pulse or B/P, (may cause
elderly pts, diabetes,
tachycardia, diaphoresis, cardiac dizziness/drowsiness).
decreased GI motility,
arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis,  Avoid alcohol
urinary retention, BPH,
xerostomia, visual
acute renal failure).  Report trembling in fingers,
Hyperglycaemia, life-threatening altered gait, unusual muscular/
problems, pts exposed events such as ketoacidosis and
to temperature skeletal movements, palpitations,
hyperos-molar coma, death have
extremes, pre-existing been reported. severe dizziness/fainting,
myelosuppression, swelling/pain in breasts, visual
narrow-angle glaucoma; changes, rash, difficulty
pts with high risk of breathing.
suicide. renal/hepatic
impairment,
predisposition to
seizures.
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

2. Pantoprazole
Classification and Indications and Side Effects and Adverse
Drug Name Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Action Contraindications Effects
Indications: CNS: headache.  Pantoprazole may increase your risk  Assess history of GI disease,
Generic Name: Classifications: Treatment of GERD with of having fractures of the hip, wrist, ulcers, GERD.
Pantoprazole or without esophageal Endo: changes in blood and spine. This is more likely if you
Antiulcer agent/Proton  Monitor for abdominal pain,
erosion, duodenal ulcers glucose levels. are 50 years of age and older, if you
(gastric) pump inhibitor diarrhea (with or without
(Helicobacter pylori), receive high doses of this medicine,
Trade/ Brand Mechanism of Actions: upper GI bleeds, and or use it for one year or more. Call fever).
GI: abdominal pain,
Name: Irreversibly binds to, inhibits hypersecretory flatulence, diarrhea. your doctor right away if you have  Report abdominal pain,
hydrogen potassium adenosine conditions severe bone pain or are unable to diarrhea (with or without
Protonix triphosphate, an enzyme on walk or sit normally. fever) that does not resolve;
Contraindications: Derm: rash.
surface of gastric parietal cells.  Some capsules can be opened and
Hypersensitivity to may indicate colon infection.
Dosage: Inhibits hydrogen ion transport ADVERSE EFFECTS sprinkled on applesauce, followed by
40 milligrams into gastric lumen. Therapeutic pantoprazole, other water.  Avoid alcohol.
(mg) once a day Effect: In-creases gastric pH, proton pump inhibitors  Remember, clients can get too much  Swallow tablets whole; do
Hyperglycemia occurs rarely. May
reduces gastric acid (e.g., omeprazole). of a good thing. We need stomach not chew, crush, dissolve, or
increase risk of C.difficile–
Route: production. Cautions: May increase acid. Watch for digestive problems divide.
associated diarrhea.
Oral risk of fractures, GI with foods and medications.
 Best if given before
infections.
breakfast. May give without
regard to food.
Frequency and
Timing

OD
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

3. Carvedilol
Classification and Indications and Side Effects and Adverse
Drug Name Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Action Contraindications Effects
Indications: CNS: fatigue, weakness, anxiety,  This medicine may cause dizziness,  Assess B/P, apical pulse
Generic Classifications: Treatment of depression,dizziness, drowsiness, light-headedness, or fainting. Make immediately before drug is
hypertension. insomnia, memory loss, mental sure you know how you react to
Name: Antihypertensive agent/Beta- Prevention of MI and status changes, nervousness, administered (if pulse is 60
this medicine before you drive, use
Carvedilol adrenergic receptor
decrease of mortality in
nightmares.
machines, or do anything else that
beats/min or less or systolic
blocker (beta blocker)
clients with recent MI. EENT: blurred vision, stuffy nose. could be dangerous if you are B/P is less than 90 mm Hg,
Mechanism of Actions: Management of stable, dizzy or not alert. With foods and withhold medication,
Trade/ Brand Possesses nonselective beta- symptomatic CHF. Resp: bronchospasm, wheezing. medications. contact physician). Receive
Name: blocking and alpha-adrenergic  Notify HCP if slow pulse or dyspnea full medication history and
blocking activity. Causes Contraindications: CV: bradycardia, congestive occurs.
Hypersensitivity to heart failure (CHF), pulmonary screen for interactions.
Coreg vasodilation. Therapeutic
Effect: Hypertension: Reduces carvedilol. Bronchial edema, hypotension, peripheral  Assess pulse for quality,
vasoconstriction.
cardiac output, exercise- asthma or related regularity, rate; monitor for
Dosage: induced tachycardia, and reflex bronchospastic GI: constipation, diarrhea, drug- bradycardia.
25 mg PO orthostatic tachycardia; conditions, cardiogenic induced hepatitis, nausea,  Monitor ECG for cardiac
reduces peripheral vascular shock, decompensated vomiting.
arrhythmias. Assist with
resistance. HF: Decreases
Route: HF requiring GU: erectile dysfunction, ambulation if dizziness
pulmonary capillary wedge
Oral intravenous inotropic decreased libido, urinary
pressure, heart rate, systemic occurs.
therapy, severe hepatic frequency.
vascular resistance; increases  Assess for evidence of HF:
stroke volume index impairment, second- or
Derm: rash. dyspnea (particularly on
third-degree AV block,
Frequency severe bradycardia, or Endo: hyperglycemia,
exertion or lying down),
and Timing sick sinus syndrome hypoglycemia. night cough, peripheral
(except in pts with edema, and distended neck
BID MS: arthralgia.
pacemaker). veins.
Misc: drug-induced lupus  Monitor I&O (increase in
syndrome.
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

weight, decrease in urine

output may indicate HF).
Monitor renal/hepatic
function tests.
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

4. Simvastatin
Classification and Indications and Side Effects and Adverse
Drug Name Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Action Contraindications Effects
Indications: CNS: dizziness, headache,  Call your doctor right away if you get  Assess baseline lab results:
Generic Classifications: Adjunctive management insomnia, weakness. a headache, stomach pain, vomiting, serum cholesterol, LDL,
Name: of primary dark-colored urine, loss of appetite,
VLDL, HDL, triglycerides, LFT.
Anti-hyperlipidemic; hypercholesterolemia EENT: rhinitis. weight loss, general feeling of
Simvastatin and mixed dyslipidemia. tiredness or weakness, light-colored  Obtain dietary history, esp.
Lipid-lowering
Primary prevention Resp: bronchitis. stools, upper right stomach pain, or fat consump-tion.
agent/HMG-CoA
reductase inhibitor of coronary heart yellow eyes or skin. These could be  Monitor serum cholesterol,
Trade/ Brand disease (MI, stroke, CV: chest pain, peripheral symptoms of liver damage. triglyceride lab results for
Name: angina, edema.  Statins should be taken with caution if
Mechanism of therapeutic response.
and coronary you're at an increased risk of
Actions: GI: abdominal cramps,  Monitor LFT. Monitor daily
Zocor revascularization) in developing a rare side effect called
Interferes with constipation, diarrhea, flatus, pattern of bowel activity,
asymptomatic myopathy, which is where the tissues
cholesterol biosynthesis heartburn, altered taste, stool consistency. Assess for
clients with increased druginduced hepatitis, of your muscles become damaged
Dosage: by inhibiting conversion total and low-density and painful. Severe myopathy headache, myopathy.
dyspepsia, elevated liver
5 to 40 of the enzyme HMG-CoA lipoprotein enzymes, nausea, (rhabdomyolysis) can lead to kidney  Notify HCP if unexplained
mg/day to mevalonate. (LDL) cholesterol and pancreatitis. damage.
muscle pain, tenderness, or
decreased high-density  Take this medication exactly as
Therapeutic Effect: weakness occurs, especially
Route: lipoprotein (HDL) GU: impotence. directed.
Decreases LDL, cholesterol.  Avoid drinking more than 1 quart of if accompanied by fever or
Oral cholesterol, VLDL, Derm: rash, pruritus. grapefruit juice per day during malaise.
triglyceride levels; Contraindications: therapy.
increase in HDL Hypersensitivity to MS: rhabdomyolysis,
Frequency simvastatin. Active arthralgia, arthritis, myalgia,
concentration.
hepatic disease or myositis.
and Timing
unexplained, persistent
Misc: hypersensitivity
OD elevations of hepatic
reactions, including
function test results, angioneurotic edema.
pregnancy,
breastfeeding,
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

concurrent use of strong

CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g.,
clarithromy-cin,
cycloSPORINE,
gemfibrozil).
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

5. Amlodipine
Classification and Indications and Side Effects and Adverse
Drug Name Special Precautions Nursing Responsibilities
Mechanism of Action Contraindications Effects
Indications: CNS: abnormal dreams, anxiety,  Elderly patients are more likely to  Assess baseline
Generic Name: Classifications: Treatment of confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, have age-related kidney, liver, or renal/hepatic function tests,
Amlodipine hypertension, angina headache, nervousness, heart problems, which may require
psychiatric disturbances, B/P, apical pulse
Antianginal agent, pectoris and caution and an adjustment in the dose
Prinzmetal’s angina, and
weakness.
for patients receiving this medicine.  Assess for peripheral
antiarrhythmic agent
Trade/ Brand arrhythmias. EENT: blurred vision, disturbed  Use extra care during exercise or oedema behind medial
(class IV),
Name: antihypertensive equilibrium, epistaxis, and hot weather. Check with your doctor malleolus (sacral area in
Contraindications: tinnitus. right away if you or your child have bedridden pts).
agent/Calcium channel Hypersensitivity to
Norvasc pain or tenderness in the upper  Assess skin for flushing.
blocker amlodipine. Cautions: Resp: cough, dyspnea.
stomach, pale stools, dark urine, loss
Hepatic impairment,  Do not abruptly discontinue
Dosage: Mechanism of CV: arrhythmias, of appetite, nausea, vomiting, or
5 to 10 mg severe aortic stenosis, yellow eyes or skin. These could be medication.
CHF, peripheral edema,
Actions:  Assess for headache,
hypertrophic bradycardia, chest pain, symptoms of a serious liver problem.
Route: Inhibits calcium cardiomyopathy with hypotension, palpitations,  Report unrelieved chest pain or SOB asthenia.
Oral movement across cardiac outflow tract
syncope, tachycardia. immediately.
and vascular smooth obstruction.  Compliance with therapy regimen is
GI: abnormal liver function
muscle cell membranes studies, anorexia, constipation, essential to control hypertension.
Frequency and during depolarization. diarrhea.
Timing Therapeutic Effect: GU: dysuria,
Dilates coronary arteries, nocturia, polyuria, sexual
OD
peripheral dysfunction, urinary frequency.
arteries/arterioles. Derm: dermatitis, flushing,
Decreases total peripheral increased sweating,
vascular resistance and photosensitivity, rash.
B/P by vasodilation. Endo: gynecomastia,
hyperglycemia.
 ILOILO DOCTOR’S COLLEGE
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN NURSING
West Avenue Timawa, Molo, Iloilo City

Hemat: anemia, leukopenia,

thrombocytopenia.

Metab: weight gain.

MS: joint stiffness, muscle

cramps.

Neuro: paresthesia, tremor.

Misc: Stevens-Johnson
syndrome, gingival hyperplasia.