Pr e Flow Calculations ue to contract!
Prcheeey pormuia sLoss 4
hes Ko >
/| Vs Kreg! -Loss, due expan
“Thenoee pormula hye \Niev2* [xe (WV
bor ote fhonnel 2g 29.
/; N= metas » Loss 10 Rags bitting
. eee Willtams bermula hp rit
press Need pipe) and Logs in elbow and
Ns C062 SoSu bends. \?
Friction Losses: "28
*Darcy Weisbach equation
hype Nn LN?
vile nt Pipes
Re> Yooo Tabak white + Series Pipes
bot muta te huathiate Pan
Es “Aiea & Q= @i= Qx=Qa-Qn |
Ix 10° Ri De= ot |
Az ae ive
9 f Le
sae Tog( & ea (£ pr SN Ke tts]
eplas” N
WReaby ‘umbefe" oer Mt nll
ed A9De
3 Vee by Hazen's
ormula .
hpe lo-6 gies il *Patatiel Pipes
CI8S Qu 81) a has hen
e hee KWo pg, LLY AEA Qit@ Q
sie le Dele uP 25p 4
Local Losses ar Minor ti] * UC
ear head Entrance
he= KeNe q-7Oe Deh Ay
. d °
Submeiged, Suechavge 35L
26 29
. Discharge Into moving §-ny pf pb s]
wote, z
hd = Sa- 3g OF‘Ener y Head in Water Oisttib-
-utioA lines: ,
“Pressure head= P/y
* Datum heod = % .
*Velocity(kinetic head)="/29
- Total Ener Y= Phy +V V3 +2
sHydraulic Reade p/, +2
*Bernouilli’s equation:
Bae We
v3 25 4
Hardy Cross Method
+Heod lose=H=K:@”
Closed loop
hi= > S Rx ae” A
A=38-00/sxkQe"
=-SHL/s
He = (zon)*( apeayv SC [se
Watel Loss Pls:
UFIW- SIV BAC -UAC
= RUFAL
UPvul/-) =(SIV- BAC
SIV
NRW = SIN. BAC
= UFWAURC
= RLXFALT UAC
NANY.) = (Stv-BAC)* 160
SIN
-URC) & 106
Price Elasticity
Ver)
e dail
dem 4
a pel
capita :
=Quantity re aired
in lA cnohtns aus x)
maximum dail
demands Sex! vere
dainty demar
maximum er hourly |
Bemong on maxt
x
= ths x maximum daily
= 'demond /2uU
= eres e nously
~ dary dem ‘al-
Arith ime te increase
‘method
ap =k Pe=PotK?
at
Aver
geometric method
Pee Po lit®
incremental
increase method: |
Pr=Potk es Url
VRRL LY) <1 Lm ¥ 0-@XNS +t 2SyLp)x? Z
1 Yeas) =( 6 57 xLim $0:202%Ng +Q.182xLp)KP AL) |
URRL( Im
U¥t= cage
erent «= ULAR
Real lesses| night) = MIN F- LF
Pressuroleak Relations hip
EVs (ayn Sol
K LOCATION :
LEAK LOCATION 5
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Consunpon wis | 7
ied
ie ae filed Unmetered Consumption
ee
ot Unbikd Uniled metered Consumption
(coneed es
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‘Unauthorized Consumption
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the poi of ustomer Mele,
NOTE: Aldata in volume forthe period of ference, typical one yea,
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Reynolds Number, Re = &=
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