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Assignment For Lesson 2.3 Laws of Learning & Theories of Learning

The document discusses various learning theories including: - Cognitive learning theory which looks at mental processes and thinking. - Behaviorism which focuses on external influences on behavior. - Constructivism where students create their own understanding from experiences. - Humanism which focuses on self-actualization and meeting needs. - Connectivism where learning occurs through forming connections with people and roles. It also discusses laws of learning and their application in different steps of the learning process. An insight learning experiment with chimpanzees is described.

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25 views

Assignment For Lesson 2.3 Laws of Learning & Theories of Learning

The document discusses various learning theories including: - Cognitive learning theory which looks at mental processes and thinking. - Behaviorism which focuses on external influences on behavior. - Constructivism where students create their own understanding from experiences. - Humanism which focuses on self-actualization and meeting needs. - Connectivism where learning occurs through forming connections with people and roles. It also discusses laws of learning and their application in different steps of the learning process. An insight learning experiment with chimpanzees is described.

Uploaded by

Vivek
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Enrolment No: POT22006813

Course Title: Principle of Teaching

Assignment for Lesson 2.3


Laws of learning & Theories of learning

1
1. Why learning and living are co-existent?
• Self -evaluation on basis of natural inborn instincts and not the comparative
shows off show of the contemporary cultures.
• Ability to comprehend oneself, relationships, and system in order to live in
complete harmony with everyone and everything.
• A regret -free, sustainable, and harmonious life which can inspire coming
generations.
• Best utilization of natural wealth and time in order to create blissful
experiences between human beings.

2.what are the main theories of learning?


Cognitive Learning Theory Cognitive learning theory looks at the way people
think. Mental processes are an important part in understanding how we learn.
The cognitive theory understands that learners can be influenced by both
internal and external elements.
Plato and Descartes are two of the first philosophers that focused on cognition
and how we as human beings think. Many other researchers looked deeper into
the idea of how we think, spurring more research. Jean Piaget is a highly
important figure in the field of cognitive psychology, and his work focuses on
environments and internal structures and how they impact learning.

Behaviorism Learning Theory


Behaviorism learning theory is the idea that how a student behaves is based
on their interaction with their environment. It suggests that behaviors are
influenced and learned from external forces rather than internal forces.
Psychologists have been developing the idea of behaviorism since the 19th
century.
Behavioral learning theory is the basis for psychology that can be observed
and quantified. Positive reinforcement is a popular element of behaviorism—
classical conditioning observed in Pavlov’s dog experiments suggests that
behaviors are directly motivated by the reward that can be obtained.

Constructivism Learning Theory

2
Constructivism learning theory is based on the idea that students actually
create their own learning based on their previous experiences. Students take
what they’re being taught and add it to their previous knowledge and
experiences, creating a reality that’s unique to them. This learning theory
focuses on learning as an active process, which is personal and individual for
each student.

Humanism Learning Theory


Humanism is very closely related to constructivism. Humanism directly
focuses on the idea of self-actualization. Everyone functions under a hierarchy
of needs. Self-actualization is at the top of the hierarchy of needs—it’s the
brief moments where a person feels all of their needs are met and that they’re
the best possible version of themselves. Everyone is striving for this, and
learning environments can either move toward meeting needs or away from
meeting needs.

Connectivism Learning Theory


Connectivism is one of the newest educational learning theories. It focuses on
the idea that people learn and grow when they form connections. This can be
connections with each other or connections with their roles and obligations in
their lives. Hobbies, goals, and people can all be connections that influence
learning.

3.which of the laws of learning are applied in the following


steps of learning ?
a. Presentation step
b. Application step
c. Testing step
Ans : The three primary laws of learning are:
Law of Readiness: The learner must be willing and prepared to learn.
Law of Exercise: The more the learned material is practiced, the stronger the
connection becomes.

3
Law of Effect: Positive outcomes strengthen the learning process, while
negative outcomes weaken it.
The application of these laws can vary depending on the specific learning
situation, but generally:

a) Presentation Step: The Law of Readiness applies here, as learners


must be ready and willing to receive new information. The Law of Effect can
also apply if the presentation is engaging and interesting.

b) Application Step: The Law of Exercise is relevant here, as learners


apply what they have learned through repetition and practice to reinforce the
connections between neurons in the brain.

c) Testing Step: The Law of Effect is most applicable here, as the outcomes
of the test, whether positive or negative, will strengthen or weaken the
connections between neurons and therefore impact future learning. The Law
of Exercise can also apply if the test is a form of practice, and the Law of
Readiness may apply if the learner is motivated to perform well on the test.

Q4. Explain insight learning theory experiment?


Insight learning theory was developed by Wolfgang Köhler, who conducted
experiments on chimpanzees to study problem-solving behavior. In one
experiment, he placed bananas outside a cage that a chimp was in, and gave
the chimp several sticks and boxes to use as tools to reach the bananas. The
chimp tried several methods, but was unsuccessful in reaching the bananas.
However, after some time, the chimp suddenly had an insight, and used a stick
to reach the bananas by joining two sticks together. This experiment
demonstrated that learning can occur suddenly through insight, rather than
through trail and-error or conditioning.

Submitted by
Vivek Raj Yadav
POT22006813

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