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SQL - Operators

Operators in SQL are used to perform operations and specify conditions in SQL statements. There are different types of operators - arithmetic operators to perform math operations, comparison operators to compare values, and logical operators to combine conditional statements. Some examples include addition (+), subtraction (-), equality (=), less than (<), AND, OR, and BETWEEN. Operators allow SQL to evaluate expressions, filter data with conditions, and combine multiple conditional statements.

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Marlon Magtibay
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166 views4 pages

SQL - Operators

Operators in SQL are used to perform operations and specify conditions in SQL statements. There are different types of operators - arithmetic operators to perform math operations, comparison operators to compare values, and logical operators to combine conditional statements. Some examples include addition (+), subtraction (-), equality (=), less than (<), AND, OR, and BETWEEN. Operators allow SQL to evaluate expressions, filter data with conditions, and combine multiple conditional statements.

Uploaded by

Marlon Magtibay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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SQL - Operators

What is an Operator in SQL?


An operator is a reserved word or a character used primarily in an SQL statement's WHERE
clause to perform operation(s), such as comparisons and arithmetic operations. These Operators
are used to specify conditions in an SQL statement and to serve as conjunctions for multiple
conditions in a statement.

 Arithmetic operators
 Comparison operators
 Logical operators
 Operators used to negate conditions
SQL Arithmetic Operators
Assume 'variable a' holds 10 and 'variable b' holds 20, then −
Show Examples

Operator Description Example

Adds values on either side of the operator. a + b will


+ (Addition)
give 30

Subtracts right hand operand from left hand operand. a - b will


- (Subtraction)
give -10

Multiplies values on either side of the operator. a * b will


* (Multiplication)
give 200

Divides left hand operand by right hand operand. b / a will


/ (Division)
give 2

Divides left hand operand by right hand operand and returns b%a
% (Modulus) remainder. will give
0

SQL Comparison Operators


Assume 'variable a' holds 10 and 'variable b' holds 20, then −
Show Examples
Operator Description Example

Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if yes then condition (a = b) is
=
becomes true. not true.

Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if values are not equal (a != b) is
!=
then condition becomes true. true.

Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not, if values are not equal (a <> b)
<>
then condition becomes true. is true.

Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, (a > b) is
>
if yes then condition becomes true. not true.

Checks if the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, if (a < b) is
<
yes then condition becomes true. true.

Checks if the value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of (a >= b)
>= right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. is not
true.

Checks if the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right (a <= b)
<=
operand, if yes then condition becomes true. is true.

Checks if the value of left operand is not less than the value of right operand, (a !< b) is
!<
if yes then condition becomes true. false.

Checks if the value of left operand is not greater than the value of right (a !> b) is
!>
operand, if yes then condition becomes true. true.

SQL Logical Operators


Here is a list of all the logical operators available in SQL.
Show Examples

Sr.No. Operator & Description

1
ALL
The ALL operator is used to compare a value to all values in another value set.

AND
2
The AND operator allows the existence of multiple conditions in an SQL statement's
WHERE clause.

ANY
3
The ANY operator is used to compare a value to any applicable value in the list as per the
condition.

BETWEEN
4
The BETWEEN operator is used to search for values that are within a set of values, given
the minimum value and the maximum value.

EXISTS
5
The EXISTS operator is used to search for the presence of a row in a specified table that
meets a certain criterion.

IN
6
The IN operator is used to compare a value to a list of literal values that have been
specified.

LIKE
7
The LIKE operator is used to compare a value to similar values using wildcard operators.

NOT
8
The NOT operator reverses the meaning of the logical operator with which it is used. Eg:
NOT EXISTS, NOT BETWEEN, NOT IN, etc. This is a negate operator.

OR
9
The OR operator is used to combine multiple conditions in an SQL statement's WHERE
clause.
IS NULL
10
The NULL operator is used to compare a value with a NULL value.

UNIQUE
11
The UNIQUE operator searches every row of a specified table for uniqueness (no
duplicates).

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