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Ass. Module 8 - STS

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ILDEFONSO, GRACE ANNE B.

BSCRIM 1-BLK 3

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

ASSIGNMENT FOR MODULE 8


QUESTION:
1. Compare and contrast the following terms. You can google the following terms
to have an idea on what they are and understand them carefully. Please use
your own thoughts/ ideas in answering each term.

A. The work of Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel


B. Plate Tectonic and Continental drift theory
C. Germ theory of disease and spontaneous regeneration.

ANSWER:

Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel were two of the most influential scientists in the field of biology.
However, their approaches to studying the natural world were quite different. Darwin is best known for
his theory of evolution, which he developed after observing the diversity of species during his travels
around the world. He proposed that species evolve over time through a process of natural selection,
in which individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. Mendel, on the
other hand, is known for his work on genetics. He conducted experiments on pea plants and
discovered the principles of inheritance, showing that traits are passed down from parents to offspring
in predictable patterns.

The plate tectonic theory and the continental drift theory are related but distinct concepts. The
continental drift theory was first proposed by Alfred Wegener in the early 20th century and suggested
that the Earth's continents were once joined together in a single landmass called Pangaea. This
theory was based on the observation that the Coastlines of some continents seemed to fit together
like pieces of a puzzle. The plate tectonic theory, on the other hand, explains how the Earth's
lithosphere (the outermost layer of the Earth) is divided into plates that move and interact with each
other. This theory provides a mechanism for the movement of continents, as the plates carrying the
continents are pushed and pulled by forces within the Earth.

The germ theory of disease and spontaneous generation were two competing theories in the field of
microbiology in the 19th century. The germ theory, which was first proposed by Louis Pasteur and
Robert Koch, suggested that diseases were caused by microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses.
This theory was supported by experiments that showed that microorganisms could be isolated from
individuals with infectious diseases and then used to infect healthy individuals. Spontaneous
generation, on the other hand, was the idea that living organisms could arise from non-living matter.
This theory was widely held in the 19th century, but was eventually disproven through experiments
that showed that microorganisms did not spontaneous arise from non-living matter.

In conclusion, these three concepts represent significant breakthroughs in the field of science and
have contributed greatly to our understanding of the natural world. Although they are distinct, they are
all important in their own right and have led to further research and discoveries in their respective
fields.

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