Assertion & Reason

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion
(A).

b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason

(R) is NOT the correct explanation of assertion (A).

(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

(d) Assertion (A) is false and reason (R) is true.

Q. 1. Assertion (A): Plane mirror may form real image.

Reason (R): Plane mirror forms virtual image, if object is real.

Q. 2. Assertion (A): The focal length of the convex mirror will increase, if the mirror is placed in water.

Reason (R): The focal length of a convex mirror of radius R is equal to, f =R/2

Q. 3. Assertion (A): The image formed by a concave mirror is certainly real if the object is virtual.

Reason (R): The image formed by a concave mirror is certainly virtual if the object is real.

Q. 4. Assertion (A): An object is placed at a distance of f from a convex mirror of focal length f, its
image will form at infinity.

Reason (R): The distance of image in convex mirror can never be infinity.

1 marks questions

Q.1. The image formed by a concave mirror is observed to be real, inverted and larger than the
object. Where is the object placed?

Q.2.Define the term principal axis of a spherical mirror.

Q.3. Write two different uses of concave mirrors.

Q.4. We prefer a convex mirror as a rear view mirror in vehicles. Why?

Q.5. What is the magnification of the images formed by plane mirror and why?

Short Answer Type

Questions-I

(2 Marks each)

Q. 1. Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the path of the reflected ray corresponding to the ray
which is directed towards the principal focus of a convex mirror. Mark the angle of incidence and
angle of reflection on it.

Q. 2. If the image formed by a spherical mirror for all position of the object placed in front of it is
always erect and diminished, what type of mirror is it?

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Draw a labelled ray diagram to support your answer.

Q.3 An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm in front of a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Write
four characteristics of the image formed by the mirror.

Q.4. An object is placed at a distance of 12 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature 30

Q. 5. State two positions in which a concave mirror produces a magnified image of a given object. List
two differences between the two images.

Q. 6. Name the type of mirrors used in the design of solar furnaces. Explain how high temperature is
achieved by this device.

Short Answer Type

Questions-II

(3 marks each)

Q. 1. A student holding a mirror in his hand, directed the reflecting surface of the mirror towards the
Sun. He then directed the reflected light on to a sheet of paper held close to the mirror.

(a) What should he do to burn the paper?

(b) Which type of mirror does he have?

(c) Will he be able to determine the approximate value of focal length of this mirror from this
activity?

Give reason and draw ray diagram to justify your answer in this case.

Q. 2. A 5 cm tall object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a convex mirror of focal length 15 cm.
Find the position, size and nature of the image formed.

Q. 3. An object 4 cm in height, is placed at 15 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm.

Q.4. The image of a candle flame placed at a distance of 30 cm from a mirror is formed on a screen
placed in front of the mirror at a distance of 60 cm from its pole. What is the nature of the mirror?
Find its focal length. If the height of the flame is 2.4 cm, find the height of its image. State whether
the image formed is erect or inverted.

Q. 5. If the image formed by mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always virtual
and diminished, state the type of the mirror. Draw a ray diagram in support of your answer. Where
are such mirrors commonly used and why?

Q. 6. Define the magnification as referred to spherical mirrors. If a concave mirror forms a real image
40 cm from the mirror, when the object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from its pole, find the focal
length of the mirror.

Q. 7. A 3 cm tall object is placed 18 cm in front of a concave mirror of focal length 12 cm. At what
distance from the mirror should a screen be placed to see a sharp image of the object on the screen.
Also calculate the height of the image formed.

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Q. 8. The image of an object formed by a mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification - 1. If the
image is at a distance of 40 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed ? Where would the image
be if the object is moved 20 cm towards the mirror? State reason and also draw ray diagram for the
new position of the object to justify your answer.

Q. 9. Draw the following diagram, in which a ray of light is incident on a concave/convex mirror, on
your answer sheet. Show the path of this ray, after reflection, in each case.

Q. 10. The image formed by a spherical mirror is real, inverted and is of magnification - 2. If the
image is at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror, where is the object placed? Find the focal length of
the mirror. List two characteristics of the image formed if the object is moved 10 cm towards the
mirror.

Q. 11. A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on a screen 80 cm in front of a mirror
by keeping the candle flame at a distance of 20 cm from its pole.

(a) Which type of mirror should the student use ?

(b) Find the magnification of the image produced.

(c) Find the distance between the object and its image.

(d) Draw a ray diagram to show the image formation in this case and mark the distance between the
obiect and its image.

Q. 12. Draw a ray diagram to show the path of the reflected ray in each of the following cases. A ray
of light incident on a convex mirror.

(a) Strikes at its pole making an angle 0 from the principal axis.

(b) Is directed towards its principal focus.

(c) Is parallel to its principal axis.

Long Answer Type

Questions

(5 Marks each)

Q. 1. (a) A security mirror used in a big showroom has radius of curvature 5 m. If a customer is
standing at a distance of 20 m from the cash counter, find the position, nature and size of the image
formed in the security mirror.

(b) Neha visited a dentist in his clinic. She observed that the dentist was holding an instrument fitted
with a mirror. State the nature of this mirror and reason for its use in the instrument used by dentist.

Q. 2. A 6 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal
length 30 cm. The distance of the object from the mirror is 45 cm. Use mirror formula to determine
the position, nature and size of the image formed. Also, draw labelled ray diagram to show the image
formation in this case.

Q. 3. (a) To construct a ray diagram we use two rays which are so chosen that it is easy to know their
directions after reflection from the mirror. List two such rays and state the path of these rays after
reflection in case of concave mirrors. Use these two rays and draw ray diagram to locate the image of
an object placed between pole and focus of a concave mirror.

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(b) A concave mirror produces three times magnified image on a screen. If the object is placed 20 cm
in front of the mirror, how far is the screen from the object?

Q. 4. (a) If the image formed by a mirror for all positions of the object placed in front of it is always
diminished, erect and virtual state the type of the mirror and also draw a ray diagram to justify your
answer. Write one use of such mirrors are put to and why.

(b) Define the radius of curvature of spherical mirrors. Find the nature and focal length of a spherical
mirror whose radius of curvature is + 24 cm.

Assertion & Reason

Directions: In the following questions, A statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of

(A) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion
(A).

(B) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but

Reason (R) is NOT the correct explanation of

Assertion (A).

(C) Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.

(D) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is true.

Q. 1. Assertion (A): If the rays are diverging after emerging from a lens; the lens must be concave.

Reason (R): The convex lens can give diverging rays.

Q. 2. Assertion: Light travels faster in glass than in air.

Reason: Glass is denser than air.

Very Short Answer Type

Questions

(1 mark each)

Q.1. Name the part of a lens through which a ray of light passes without suffering any deviation.

Q. 2. What is meant by power of a lens?

Q. 3. How does the size of the image change as the object is brought closer from infinity towards the
convex lens ?

Short answer type

(2 marks each)

Q. 1. The absolute refractive index of Ruby is 1.7. Find the speed of light in Ruby. The speed of light in
vacuum is 3 × 10°m/s.

Q. 2. The power of a lens is +5 dioptre. What is the nature and focal length of this lens? At what
distance from this lens should an object be placed so as to get its inverted image of the same size?

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Q. 3. An object of height 4.0 cm is placed at a distance of 30 cm from the optical centre 'O' of a
convex lens of focal length 20 cm. Draw a ray diagram to find the position and size of the image
formed. Mark optical centre 'O' and principal focus 'F' on the diagram. Also find the approximate
ratio of size of the image to the size of the object.

Q. 4. An object is placed at a distance of 30 cm from a concave lens of focal length 15 cm. List four
characteristics (nature, position, etc.) of the image formed by the lens.

3 marks each

Q. 1. The diagram given below shows an object O and its image I.

Without actually drawing the ray diagram state the following:

(i) Type of lens (Converging / Diverging)

(ii) Name two optical instruments where such an

image is obtained.

(iii) List three characteristic of the image formed if this lens is replaced by a concave mirror of focal
length fand an object is placed at a distance f/2 in front of the mirror.

Q. 2. (a) Water has refractive index 1.33 and alcohol has refractive index 1.36. Which of the two
medium is optically denser? Give reason for your answer.

b) Draw a ray diagram to show the path of a ray of light passing obliquely from water to alcohol.

(c) State the relationship between angle of incidence and angle of refraction in the above case.

Q. 3. A 10 cm tall object is placed perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length
12cm. The distance of the object from the lens is 18 cm. Find the nature, position and size of the
image formed.

Q. 4. What is meant by power of a lens ? Write the SI unit. A student uses a lens of focal length 40 cm
and another of - 20 cm. Write the nature and power of each lens.

Long Answer Type

(5 marks each)

Q. 1. (a) A security mirror used in a big showroom has radius of curvature 5 m. If a customer is
standing at a distance of 20 m from the cash counter, find the position, nature and size of the image
formed in the security mirror.

(b) Neha visited a dentist in his clinic. She observed that the dentist was holding an instrument fitted
with a mirror. State the nature of this mirror and reason for its use in the instrument used by dentist.

Q. 2. Rishi went to a palmist to show his palm. The palmist used a special lens for this purpose.

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(a) State the nature of the lens and reason for its use.

(b) Where should the palmist place/hold the lens so as to have a real and magnified image of an
object?

(c) If the focal length of this lens is 10 cm and the lens is hold at a distance of 5 cm from the palm,
use lens formula to find the position and size of the image.

Q. 3. An object is placed at a distance of 60 cm from a concave lens of focal length 30 cm.

(a) Use lens formula to find the distance of the image from the lens.

(b) List four characteristics of the image (nature, position, size, erect/inverted) formed by the lens in
this case.

(c) Draw ray diagram to justify your answer of part (ii).

MCQ

1. Read the following passage and answer any four questions from Q. 1. to Q. 5.

Following figure illustrates the ray diagram for the formation of image by a concave mirror. The
position of the object is beyond the centre of curvature of the concave mirror. On the basis of given
diagram answer any four questions from Q.1. to Q.5.

Q.1. If the focal length of the concave mirror is 10 cm, the image formed will be at a distance

(A) Between 10 cm and 15 cm

(B) Between 10 cm and 20 cm

(C) Beyond 20 cm

(D) At 20cm

Q. 2. In case of concave mirror, the image distance is

when image is formed in front of the mirror and when the image is

formed behind the mirror.

(A) positive, negative

(B) negative, negative

(C) negative, positive

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(D) positive, positive

Q. 3. If the size of the object in the given figure is 5 cm and the magnification produced is -0.5. The
size of the image is (in cm)

A) -2.5

(C) 2.5

(B) -0.1

(D) 0.1

Q. 4. A negative sign in the magnification value indicate that the image is

(A) Real and inverted

(B) Real and erect

(C) Virtual and erect

(D) Virtual and inverted

Q. 5. An image formed by concave mirror is virtual, when the object is placed:

(A) at infinity

(B) at C

(C) Between C and F

(D) Between P and F

II. Read the following passage and answer any four

questions from Q.1. to Q.4.

A student wants to project the image of a candle flame on the walls of the school laboratory by using
a mirror.

Q. 1. Which type of mirror should he use and why? U

(A) Convex mirror, it forms virtual image

(B) Concave mirror, it forms virtual image

(C) Concave mirror, it forms real image

(D) Convex mirror, it forms real image

Q. 2. At what distance, in terms of focal length 'f of the mirror, should he place the candle flame to
get the magnified image on the wall?

(B) Between F and C

(A) At F

(D) At infinity

(C) At C

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Q. 3. To get the diminished image of the candle flame, the object must be placed at:

(A) infinity

(B) at C

(C) between Fand C (D) At F

Q. 4. If the image formed by this mirror is inverted and real, the magnification will be:

(A) Positive

(B) Negative

(C) Either of them

(D) None of the above

Q. 5. A virtual image formed by concave mirror is:

(A) erect and enlarged

(B) erect and diminished

(C) inverted and diminished

(D) inverted and enlarged