Third Creating Geometry and Generating Mesh For A Mixing Elbow (2-D)

Computational Fluid Dynamics
Fluent Modeling Course

Third: Creating Geometry and Generating Mesh
for a Mixing Elbow (2-D)
Lecturer: Ehsan Saadati

Sharif University of Technology
Tehran: First Edition -Fall 2008
[email protected]
www.petrodanesh.ir
Introduction
In this tutorial you will learn how to:
Create vertices using a grid system
Create arcs by selecting the center of curvature and the endpoints of the arc
Create straight edges between vertices
Split an arc using a vertex point
Create faces from edges
Specify the distribution of nodes on an edge
Create structured meshes on faces
Set boundary types
Prepare the mesh to be read into FLUENT 6
Export a mesh
2
Problem Description
The problem to be considered is shown schematically. A cold fluid enters through the
large pipe and a warmer fluid enters through the small pipe. The two fluids mix in the
elbow.
3
Step 2: Create the Initial Vertices
Start GAMBIT.
Step 1: Select a Solver
Choose the solver you will use to run your CFD calculation by selecting the following
from the main menu bar:
Solver —> FLUENT 5/6

1. Create vertices to define the outline of the large pipe
2. of the mixing elbow.
TOOLS —> COORDINATE SYSTEM —> DISPLAY GRID
This command sequence opens the Display Grid form.
4
k) Ctrl-right-click the nine grid points shown in Figure.
l) Unselect the Visibility check box in the Display Grid form and click Apply.
5
Step 3: Create Arcs for the Bend of the Mixing Elbow
k) Ctrl-right-click the nine grid points shown in Figure.

1. Create an arc by selecting the following command buttons in order:
GEOMETRY —> EDGE —> CREATE EDGE R
This command sequence opens the Create Real Circular Arc form.
a) Retain the default Method.

b) Shift-left-click the vertex in the center of the graphics window (This is same for any
selecting an object in Gambit) 6
Step 4: Create Straight Edges
Step 4: Create Straight Edges

GEOMETRY —> EDGE —> CREATE EDGE
7
Step 5: Create the Small Pipe for the Mixing Elbow
1. Create vertices on the outer radius of the bend, and split the large arc into three
sections.
GEOMETRY —> EDGE —> SPLIT/MERGE EDGES
b) Select Real connected (the default) under Type in the

Split Edge form.
!!! You should select this option because the edge you
selected is real geometry, not virtual geometry, and because
you want the two edges created by the split to share the
vertex created when GAMBIT does the split.
8
d) Select Cylindrical from the Type option menu. You can now use cylindrical coordinates to
specify where GAMBIT should split the edge.
e) Input a value of -39.93 degrees next to t under Local. This is the angle between the
horizontal direction and the position of the right-hand side of the opening of the small pipe
on the bend of the mixing elbow
f) Click Apply.
The large arc is split into two smaller arcs and a vertex is created. g) Use the Edge List
form (or Shift-left-click in the graphics window) to select the larger of the two arcs just
created (edge.9).
h) Input a value of -50.07 degrees next to t under Local.
9
2. Create points at the small inlet.

GEOMETRY —> VERTEX —> MOVE/COPY VERTICES
a) Select the second vertex created on the bend of the mixing

elbow.
Enter the translation vector (0, -12, 0) under Global to create
the new vertex at a position 12 units below the vertex you
selected.
e) Click Apply.
f) Click the FIT TO WINDOW
g) Select the vertex just created in the graphics window.
h) Enter the translation vector (4, 0, 0) under Global in the
Move/Copy Vertices form to create the new vertex at a
position 4 units to the right of the vertex you selected.
i) Click Apply.
3. Create straight edges for the small pipe.
10
Step 6: Create Faces from Edges
1. Create a face for the large pipe.

GEOMETRY —> FACE —> FORM WIRE FRAME
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Step 7: Specify the Node Distribution
1. Specify the node density on the inlet and outlet of the large pipe.
MESH —> EDGE —> MESH EDGES
12
1. Specify the node density on the inlet and outlet of the large pipe.
MESH —> EDGE —> MESH EDGES
EDGES: EA&EB EDGES: EC,ED EDGES: EH&EI EDGE: EG 13

EE &EF
5. Set the grading for the inner bend of the mixing elbow.
a) Select the edge marked EJ in Figure 2-18.
b) Check that Apply is selected to the right of Grading in the Mesh Edges form and
enter a value of 0.85 for the Ratio.
c) Select the Double sided check box.
d) Unselect the Apply check box to the right of Spacing.
You will not set a spacing on this edge, instead you will let GAMBIT calculate the spacing
for you when it meshes the face. You will mesh the face using a mapped
mesh, so the number of nodes on the inner bend of the mixing elbow must
equal the number of nodes on the outer bend, and GAMBIT will determine
the correct number of nodes for you automatically.
e) Unselect the Mesh check box under Options and click the
Apply button at the bottom of the form.
14
Step 8: Create Structured Meshes on Faces
MESH —> FACE —> MESH FACES
a) Shift-left-click the large pipe in the graphics window.

Note that four of the vertices on this face are marked with an
"E" in the graphics window; they are End vertices. Therefore,
GAMBIT will select the Map Type of Scheme in the Mesh
Faces form. See the GAMBIT Modeling Guide for more
information on Map meshing.
GAMBIT will ignore the Interval size of 1 under Spacing,
because the mapped meshing scheme is being used and the
existing edge meshing fully determines the mesh on all edges.
Notice that GAMBIT calculates the number of nodes on the
inner bend of the mixing elbow and displays these nodes before
creating the mesh on the face.
15
Step 8: Create Structured Meshes on Faces
2. Mesh the small pipe of the mixing elbow.
a) Select the small pipe in the graphics window.

You will force GAMBIT to use the Map scheme to mesh the smaller face. b) In the
Mesh Faces form, select Quad from the Elements option menu under Scheme and
Map from the option menu to the right of Type.
This is an example of "enforced mapping", where GAMBIT automatically modifies the face
vertex type on the face to satisfy the chosen meshing scheme. See the GAMBIT Modeling
Guide for more information on face vertex types.
c) Retain the default Interval size of 1 under Spacing and click the Apply button at
the bottom of the form.
16
Step 9: Set Boundary Types
ZONES —> SPECIFY BOUNDARY TYPES
Note that you could also specify the remaining outer

edges of the mixing elbow as wall boundaries. This
is not necessary, however, because when GAMBIT
saves a mesh, any edges (in 2-D) on which you
have not specified a boundary type will be written
out as wall boundaries by default. In addition, when
GAMBIT writes a mesh, any faces (in 2-D) on which
you have not specified a continuum type will be
written as FLUID by default. This means that you do
not need to specify a continuum type in the Specify
Continuum Types form for this tutorial.
17
Step 10: Export the Mesh and Save the Session
1. Export a mesh file for the mixing elbow.
File —> Export —> Mesh ...
File —> Exit

GAMBIT will ask you whether you wish to save the current session before you exit.
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2.5 Summary
This tutorial shows you how to generate a 2-D mesh using the "bottom-up"
approach. Since the mesh is to be used in FLUENT 6, it was generated in a single
block, structured fashion. Several other features that are commonly used for 2-D
mesh generation were also demonstrated, including entering vertices using a
background grid, creating straight edges and arcs, and specifying node
distributions on individual edges. As compared to Tutorial 1, which omitted some
details, all steps required to create a mesh ready to read into the solver were
covered, including how to set boundary types, choose a specific Fluent solver, and
finally write out the mesh file.
19
The End
By: Ehsan Saadati
Pardad Petrodanesh Co
[email protected]
Find out more at:
www.petrodanesh.ir
www.petrodanesh.com

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Computational Fluid Dynamics

Fluent Modeling Course

Lecturer: Ehsan Saadati

Step 2: Create the Initial Vertices

This command sequence opens the Display Grid form.

k) Ctrl-right-click the nine grid points shown in Figure.

a) Retain the default Method.

Step 4: Create Straight Edges

b) Select Real connected (the default) under Type in the

2. Create points at the small inlet.

a) Select the second vertex created on the bend of the mixing

3. Create straight edges for the small pipe.

1. Create a face for the large pipe.

EDGES: EA&EB EDGES: EC,ED EDGES: EH&EI EDGE: EG 13

a) Shift-left-click the large pipe in the graphics window.

a) Select the small pipe in the graphics window.

Note that you could also specify the remaining outer

File —> Exit

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