NIBU

kd.dkkao cd;Hka;r fn!oaO úYajúoHd,h

ku - ux.,d úfÊisxy
Wmdêh - fn!oaO wOHhkh ms<sn`o Ydia;%fõ§

YsIH ,shdmÈxÑ wxlh - 48

wOHhk j¾Ih - 2021$2024 ^î'ta&

úIh m;%h - BUCU21213

udOH isxy, - isxy,
úIhNdr foaYlhdf.a ku - uydpd¾H l=udß uokdhl
 mgqk
1 ye`Èkaùu
2 mqoa., ixj¾Okh f.dvk.d.; yelafla flfiao@
3 is`.df,dajdo" mrdNj" ji," uydux.," lrKShfu;a; iQ;%hkays wka;¾.;h'
4 by; i`oyka iQ;%hkays wka;¾.; wdpdrO¾u ;=<ska mqoa., ixj¾Okh f.dvk.d.; yelswdldrh
fmkajd fokak'
5 iudf,dapkh
6 wdY%s; .%ka: kdudj,sh
 mejreï ud;Dldj
1 mqoa., ixj¾Okh f.dvk.d.; yelafla flfiao@
2 is`.df,dajdo" mrdNj" ji," uydux.," lrKShfu;a; iQ;%hkays wka;¾.;h'
3 by; i`oyka iQ;%hkays wka;¾.; wdpdrO¾u ;=<ska mqoa., ixj¾Okh f.dvk.d.; yelswdldrh
fmkajd fokak'
ye`Èkaùu'
iudcfha mj;sk lsishï ;;ajhla fya;=fjka iudcfha isák fndfyda fokl=f.a hymeje;au bIaG
lr .ekSug fkdyels ùu fya;= fldg f.k tu ;;ajh iudc m%Yakhla njg m;afõ' tjeks iudc m%YaK
fndfydauhla j¾;udkfha oelsh yelsh'
iïnqoaO Ydikfha meje;au úkh u; r|d mj;S' zúkfhda kdu idikiai wdhqZ hkafkka th meyeÈ,s
fõ' Ydikfha meje;au muKla fkdj iudcfha meje;au Wfoid o úkh wjYH h' úkh kï yslauqKq njhs'
ke;fyd;a ixjrhhs' fuu ixjrYS,s;ajh" yslaóu wjYH jkafka meúÈ iudchg muKla fkdfõ' .sys
iudchg o w;HjYH h'
wo iudch foi úmrfuka ne,Sfï § <ud iy ;reK mrmqr fukau jeäysá mrïmrdjo wfkalúO
jQ úm%ldÍ ;;a;aj miq mi yUdhkq fmfka' fufia jkafka ksis uÕ fmkaùula fyda tA i|yd wdo¾Y ,nd .;
yels uQ,dY% .ek oekqïj;alula fkdùu ksid hehs isf;a' tfy;a fn!oaOhkag fukau wka wd.ñlhkag o
tlfia oekqïj;a úh yels uÕ fmkaùula mqoa., ixj¾Okh weiqre fldg fmkajd Èh yels h'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia NsËQka jykafiag foaYkd lf<a yslaófuka hq;=j ^úkhg wkql+,j& jdih lrk
f,ihs' th ieuf.a m%idohg fya;=jls' ;j o fkdmeyeÿk whf.a meye§u i|yd;a meyeÿkjqkaf.a jeä
meye§u i|yd;a fuu yslauùï ud¾.h ufydamldÍ fõ' tA NsËq iudchgh' tjekakla .sys iudchg flfia
kï wkq.; l< yels o hkak úuid ne,sh hq;a;ls'
fn!oaO wdpdr O¾uhka iudcfha mj;sk wúpdrd;aul .;sh ÿre fldg iudcfha wúysxidjd§
h:d¾;j;a iduldó mßirhla we;s lsÍug wjYH lreKla nj is`.df,dajdo" ji," mrdNj" uydux.," lrKSh
fu;; iQ;% wdY%fhka fuu ksnkaokh uÕska úuid we;'
 1 mqoa., ixj¾Okh f.dvk.d.; yelafla flfiao@

mqoa.,fhl=f.a ðú;fha yo .eiau wdrïN jkqfha uõl=i ms<siso .ekSu;a iu.h'wfhl=f.a Wmf;a
isg urKh olajd mqoa.,hd ;=< isÿ jk YdÍßl" udkisl" m%cdkk" NdId" Ñ;a;fõ." iudc idodpdr wd§
mqoa.,hd ;=< isÿ jk l%ñl fjkialï ud,j mqoa, ixj¾Okh f,i yeÈkafõ'

mqoa., ðú;fha m%Odk wjêka ^3& lg fnod oelaúh yelsh' tkï" <ud" ;reK" jeäysá hkqfjks'
fuu ld,mßÉfþo ;%s;ajfha mqoa.,hd ;=< m%udKd;aul jYfhka fukau .=Kd;aul fjkialï fjkialï
isÿ fõ' udkisl isÿ jk fjkia .=Kd;aul fjkialï fõ'th oDIHudk fkdfõ'm%udKd;aul fjkialï
w;r YÍrfha nr "Wi"fmdaIKh"jd.aud,dj isÿ jk fjkia ùu fõ'

mqoa., ixj¾Okfha§ fufia fjka lr oelajqjo fïjd tlsfklg ne§ we;s nj o m%ldY l, yelsh'
tkï" fïjd w;r tlsfklg wka;¾ iïnkaO;d mj;sk njhs' mqoa., ixj¾Okh ieu mqoa.,fhl=gu tl
fia n, fkdmdhS' tA wkqj mqoa., ixj¾Ok j,g n,mdk idOl lsysmhla yÿkd .; yelsh'

mjq,a ixia:dj ;=<ska iudcdkq.; jk orejd jeä jhig m;afj;au úúO iudc ia:rhka
yd l%shdldß fjhs' mdi," /lshd ia:dkh yd fjk;a fjk;a iudc N+ñldjka iu. .efgñka
iudcdkqfhdackh jk mqoa.,hd ta ta iudcfha iudc N+ñldjkag wkq.;j Ôj;a ùug;a l%shdldß
ùug;a W;aiql fjhs' iudc.; i;ajfhl= jYfhka mqoa.,hd we;s lr .kq ,nk fndfydauhlau
ixialD;sl wdl,am f.dvkef.kqfha iudc N+ñld mokï lrf.kh' th ñksia iudcfha meje;aug
fya;= ldrl jkafkah' ñksidg fldfy;au ;ksj Ôj;a úh fkd yelsh' iEu mqoa.,fhl=u
;udg wdfõKsl iudc mßirfha j.lSï yd hq;=lï moaO;shlg wkq.;j Ôj;a ùug ne§ isáhs'
iudcfha idudðlfhl= úiska bgql< hq;= ld¾hhka ukdj bgq lsÍu Tyqf.a fukau iudcfha
meje;aug o Wmldß jkafkah' mqoa.,fhl= úiska bgq l< hq;= tjeks iudc ld¾hhka —iudc
N+ñld˜ jYfhka iudc úoHd{fhda y÷kaj;s' wkqÈ; rgd" N+ñld wdl,am" hkqfjka
y÷kajkafkao thhs'

mqoa.,fhl=f.a we;s iajrEmh^ ñksia iajrEmh& tla wdlrhla jqj;a mqoa.,hdf.ka mqoa.,hdg fjkia
lï ^ldhsl"udkisl"Ñ;a;fõ.h& isÿ jkafka by; idOl uq,a lr f.kh' tfia fkdue;s jqjfyd;a ish¿
ukqIfhda tlu wdldrhla jkq we;s'
mqoa.,hkaf.a úúO yeiSÍï" Ñka;kfha" ndysr fmkqu" l%shdldÍ;ajfha fjkialï wd§fhka
flfkl=f.ka ;j flfkl=g fjkialï isÿ jkafka by; lreKq fya;=fjks' fï fya;= ksidu mqoa.,hkag
we;s jk .eg¿ o úúOdldr fõ' tu .eg¿jg uqyqK fok
wdldrho úúO wdldr .kS'

mqoa.,fhl=f.a ixj¾Ok wjëka ms<Sn`oj

ufkdaúoHd{hka úiska fukau iudc od¾Ykslhka úiska
ks¾jpk bÈßm;a lr we;' fuys§ ixj¾Ok ufkdaúoHdfõ
mqoa., ixj¾Ok wjê fmkajd § we;s whqre my; j.=fjka
olajd we;'
 mqyqÿka mqoa., ;;a;ajfha isg ry;ka jykafia flfkl= olajd j¾Okh ùu ms<sn| h:d¾:jd§ ú.%yhka
fn!oaO Ñka;kh ;=<ska m%lg lrkq ,nhs' uq¿ nqoaO wkqYdikh u leáfldg olajk zziínmdmiai wlrKx"
l=i,iai Wmiïmod" iÑ;a;mßfhdaomkx" ta;x nqoaOdkidikx˜ hk .d:d mdGh b;d jeo.;a h' fuys
mqoa.,fhl=f.a ixj¾Okh isÿlrk uQ,sl idOl ;=kla oelaúh yels h' m<uqjk wjia:dj ishÆ mõlïj,ska
je<lSu fõ' mdmh hkq oi wl=i,a nj mGumdmOïu iQ;%fha fmkajd § we;' isf;a m%lD;s ksfrda.S .=Kh
fl,ik l%shdjka mdmS woyiska hqla; h' mqoa., ika;dkh úlaIsma; lrk" my;a njg muqKqjk" úIu lrk"
;udg;a" wkqkag;a wys;lr jk l%shdj,Ska ish Ôú;fhka j<lajd ;nd .ekSu wdrïNl mshjrhs' fuys §
iajhx úkh wjOdrKh flf¾' Wiia ukilska fyì ukqIHhdg l=i,dl=i, O¾u ms<sn| meyeÈ,s yd ksrjq,a
wjfndaOhla ;sîu wjYH fõ'

fuu ú.%y ;=<ska mqoa., ixj¾Okh hkqfjka woyia lrkqfha mqoa.,hd ;=< we;s wdl,amuh jeä
ÈhqKq njhs' mqoa.,hd fuu wdl,am l=vd l, isg jeä ÈhqKq lr.ksñka ixj¾Okh fõ' tu ixj¾Okh
Okd;aul úh hq;= w;r iDKd;aul ùfï yelshdjo we;' wm ó,`. mßÉfþoh ;=<ska idlÉPd lrkqfha
mqo., ixj¾Okh i`oyd mqo.,fhl= ;u wdl,am ixj¾Okh i`oyd fhdod.; yels nqoaO foaYkdfõ i`oyka
iQ;% lsysmhls'
 2 is`.df,dajdo" mrdNj" ji," uydux.," lrKShfu;a; iQ;%hkays
wka;¾.;h'

is`.df,dajdo iQ;%h'

iudchla il%sh fyj;a ksje/Èj mj;skafka Tjqfkdjqka i;= hq;=lï yd j.lSï ukd f,i
bgqjqjfyd;a mu‚' tfia fkdjqK l, tu iudc ixia:djka foord hEulg m;afjhs' thska lshefjkafka
tu iudc ixia:dj hïlsis wvqmdvqjla fldhs me;a;lska fyda isÿ ù we;s njhs' tfia jQ l, tu iudc ixia:dj
;=< .egqï we;s ùu isÿ fõ' iudch f.dvke.Sug mqoa., ixj¾Okh w;HjYH idOlhls' tys§ is`.df,dajdo
iQ;%h imhk fuu iudc in`o;djhka mqoa.,fhl=g ixj¾Oh lr.; hq;= wdlrh meyeÈ,s lrhs'
zisÕd,Z kï .Dymq;%hd mdkaoßkau ke.sg iakdkh fldg f;; frÈ yd f;; flia msáka iÈid
kuialdrfhys fh§ isák whqre nqÿrcdKka jykafia ÿgq fial' wd¾h úkfhys iÈid kuialdrh isÿ lrkq
,nkafkaa fuf,i fkdfõ hehs foaYkd l< Wkajykafiaf.ka isÕd, .Dym;shd úuikq ,nkafka" tA
flfiaoehs lshd h' bkamiq nqÿ ysñfhda isÕdf,dajdo iQ;%h foaYkd lrñka tu ksje/È uÕ uekúka fmkajd
ÿka fial' tA w;r ;=ÿia ,dul O¾u jYfhka wmf.a fof,dj ÈúuÕ id¾:l lr .ekSfuys,d bjy,a jk
lreKq ^14& la o nqoaO foaYkdfjys i|yka fjhs' mqoa.,hd mdmfhka f;dr ksje/È oeyeñ udj; fj; fhduq
ùu" fuu ;=ÿia ,dul O¾u jgydf.k thska je<lS isàfuka isÿfjhs'
• i;r l¾u laf,aY
• i;r w.;s
• Ok úkdY uqL ^6& hk tAjdh'
• i;r l¾u laf,aY

m%dK>d;h - mxp YS, m%;m

s odfjys m<uq jk YslaId mofhka woyia lrkq ,nkafka" i;aj >d;kfhka
je<lSuhs' mqoa.,hd yeu úg ukqIHhd we;=¿ ish¨ i;a;ajhka flfrys lreKdfjka" ohdfjka yd
wkqlïmdfjka hq;=j l%shdl< hq;= nj;a m%dK>d;fhka je<lsh hq;= nj;a nqÿ ysñhka fuhska ukdj fmkajd
§ we;'

wo;a;dodkh - fidrlu fyj;a fkdÿka foa .ekSu mxp YS,fhys fojeks YslaId mohhs' mqoa.,hd
fidrlug fhduqùu ;=< iudcfhys fkdfhla .eg¨ldÍ ;;a;aj mek ke.Su i|yd fya;=jla fjhs' fï ksid
iEu wxYhlskau iudc mßydksh isÿjk w;r iduldó Od¾ñl iudchla ìyslsÍu Wfoid fidrlñka je<lSu
b;d jeo.;a ms<sfj;la nj" nqoaO foaYkdjhs'

ldufhys jorjd yeisÍu- .sys Èúhla .; lrk mqoa.,hd mxpldu iïm;a wkqNj lrhs' tfy;a thska
w.;shg f.dia l%shdlsÍu mßydkshg uÕla nj nqÿysñhka fmkajd§ we;' fï ksid ldufhys jrojd
yeisÍfuka fjkaùu iduldó iodpdr iïmkak iudchla ìys lsÍu i|yd b;d jeo.;a jk nj nqÿ oyu
fmkajd fohs'

uqidjdoh - i;r l¾ulaf,aYhkays wjidk lreK jk fuhska fmkajd fokq ,nkafka" fndre lSfuka
je<lsh hq;= njhs' fndrelSu ;=<ska iudcfhys fndfyda .eg¨ldÍ ;;a;aj ks¾udKh jk w;r tlsfkld
w;r we;s iqyo;dj o úkdYhg m;a fjhs' fï ksid we;eï úg Ôú; u.ska o jkaÈ f.ùug isÿjk wjia:d
wmg iudch ;=<ska oel.; yelsh' ;=ÿia ,dul O¾uhkays i|yka jk uqidjdofhka f;drùu ksid ñksid
oeyeñ jk w;r" iduldó iudchla ks¾udKh lsÍug th fya;= fjhs'

i;r w.;s - Pkaoh - Pkaoh hkq leue;a; hs' mqoa.,hd hula ,nd .ekSu Wfoid w.;s.dó ù l%shd
lsÍug fm<öu iudcfhys fkdfhla .eg¨ldÍ ;;a;aj ks¾udKh lrhs' fuh ck Ôú;h yd iduldó nj
úkdY ùug fya;=jla jk nj nqÿ ysñfhda fmkajd fo;s' óg wu;rj"

oafõYh - fuhska woyia lrkafka ;ry fyj;a flaka;sh hs' fï ksid Ôú; yd foam< ydkso
fnfyúka iudcfhys isÿjk w;r" oafõY iy.; mqoa.,hd uq¿uy;a iudchgu .eg¨jla jk nj
fuhska fmkajd fohs'
Nh - Nh hkq ìfhka w.;shg hEu hs' mqoa.,hd ìh fya;= fldgf.k wka i;a;ajhkag ysxid
mSvd lsÍu i|yd fndfyda fihska fm<fUhs' fuu w.;shg meñŒu ksid mqoa.,hd whqla;sh"
widOdrKh yuqfõ o we;eï úg uqksj; rlshs' iudc mßydksh i|yd fuh uy;a .eg¨ldÍ
;;a;ajhla nj fuhska ukdj wjOdrKh fjhs'
fudayh - i;r w.;Skays wjidk lreK jk fudayh hkq fudavlu hs' l¾uh yd l¾u M,h
úYajdi fkdlsÍu hk meyeÈ,s lsÍu fï i|yd fnfyúka WÑ; fjhs' fudayh ksid mqoa.,hd
fudfyd;ska fudfyd; mßydksfhys uÕg fhduqjk w;r" iudc .eg¨ i|yd th fya;= fjhs'

;=ÿia ,dul O¾u w;r i|yka jk wmdh uqL mqoa.,hd msßySug fyj;a w.;shg fhduq lrjk lreKq
hs' fuhska wE;a ù hyuÕg fhduq ùu ;=< w¾:j;a iodpdr iïmkak iudchla ìys lsÍug yels nj nqÿysñfhda
fmkajd fo;s' iqrdfjys wd§kj isÕdf,dajdo iQ;%fhys fufia i|yka fjhs'

1' ;udf.a Okh úkdYhg m;aùu

2' l,flda,dy,j,g fhduq ùu
3' úúO frda.dndOj,g f.dÿre ùu
4'wmlS¾;shg m;aùu
5' kqjK ÿ¾j, ùu

fkdl,ays ùÓ ixpdrh lsÍu" ¥ fl<sfhys fh§u" mdm ñ;% fiajkh" w,ilu hk§ jYfhka ;u Okh úkdY
jk wdldrh olajd we;'
óg iudku mqoa., ixj¾Ok l%shdj,shla mrdNj yd ji, iQ;%h" uydux., iQ;%h u`.ska nqÿ ysñhka
lreKq meyeÈ,s lr we;'

mrdNj iQ;%h
Lqoaol ksldfha iq;a; ksmd;fha Wr.j¾.fhys we;=,;a mrdNj iQ;%h hkq msßySu ms<sno meyeÈ,s
yeÈkaùula lrk iQ;%hhs'
tla ld,hl nqÿka jykafia ieje;akqjr foõrï fjfyfra jev jik Èfkl foú flkla meñK —
Nd.H j;=ka jykai mqoa.,fhla mßydkshg m;a jk lreKq fudkjdoehs oek .ekSug meñ‚fhuqhs ie,lr
isáfhah'— tys§ nqÿka jykafia my; i|yka lreKq mqoa., mßydkshg fya;= fõhehs foaYkd l, fial'
01' oY l=Y, O¾uhg wlue;af;ka O¾uhg oafõY lrkakd msßfyhs'
02' hfula nqoaO wd§ i;a mqreIhka wm%sh fldg foiegla ñ;Hd oDIaÀ iys; O¾uhka m%sh lrhso th msßySug
fya;= fõ'
03' hfula ksok iq¿o" WÜGdk ù¾fhka f;dro" Wm;skau w,i fõo" fl%daOh lrhso fya msßySug m;a fõ'
04' hfula j;afmdfydi;a lñka mßmQ¾K jQ úg jhig .sh fouõmshka fmdaIKh fkdlrhso fya msßySug
m;a fõ'
05' n%yaufhla fõjd" NslaIqjl fõjd" isÕkafkl= fõjd fndrefjka rjgkafkao fya msßySug m;afjhs'
06' j;a fmdfydi;a lñka w. ;ekam;a ri uijq,a wdydr we;a;d ;ksju j<|hs o fya msßySug m;a fõ'
07' hfula cd;sudkfhka l=, udkfhka ;o jQfhao tys wka;h jQfhao fya msßySug m;afõ'
08' hï mqoa.,fhla ia;%S" iqrd" wlaI OQ¾;j ,efnk ish,a, jkihs kï fya msßySug m;a fõ'
09' ;u ìß|f.ka i;=gq fkdù .‚ldjka fidhd f.dia iem fidhkafkla fõo fya mßydkshg m;a fjhs'
10' jhi blaujd .sh mqreIfhla ;sôß m, nÿ fhdjqka mfhdaOr iys; ,dnd, oeßhla újdy fldg f.k wE
flf¾' ;Kaydfjka B¾IHdfjka fkdksod isào fya mßydkshg m;a fõ'
11' uia udxY yd uoHidr f,d,aj tA i|yd uqo,a úhoï lrk fyda tfia lrkafkl= m%Odk;ajfha ;nd weiqre
lrk mqoa.,fhla fõo fya msßySug m;a fõ'
^12&' j;a fmdfydi;a lï fnda. i|yd ;Kaydj we;af;la w,am fnda. iys;j laI;%Sh l=,hl bm§ fya rdcH
m;hs kï th msßySug fya;= fõ'
foúhka weiQ mekhg ms<s;=re f,i nqÿka jykafia by; i|yka ldrKd 12 we;=,;aj mrdNj iQ;%h
foaYkd l, fial'

ji, iQ;%h

nqÿrÿka foõrï fjfyr jev jik iufhys fmrjrefõ f.ms<sfj,ska msKavmd;fha jevu l< fial'
tu wjia:dfõ w.a.slNdroajdc nuqKdf.a f.a fodr wi, .sks o,ajd hd.hla iQodkï lr ;sì‚' n%yauhd
i|yd mqo mQcd mj;ajk fõ,dfjys Y%uK o¾Ykh whym;a ldrKdjla f,i Tyq l,amkd lr ;sì‚'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia tys jevu ùu Tyqf.a fldamhg fya;= úh' nqÿka jykafia ÿgq nuqKd fldamfhka " ji,
jdofhka neK jeÿfKa h' tys fkdmeñfKk f,i;a" k;rjk f,i;a nqÿrÿkag oekajQfha h' túg nqÿrÿka
Tn ji, ldrKd okafkaoehs úpd< fial' iajdóks uu fkdoksñ' th jod< uekjehs lSfõ h' ty§ fuu
lreKq olajd we;'
• lsfmk iq¿ nj" noaO ffjr we;s nj" ,dul .=Kul= nj" whym;a
• oDIaÀka we;snj" udhdldß .=Kh'
• hfula lsishï Ôúfhl=f.a Èú f;dr lrkafka o" ðùka flfrys ohdjla ke;s ùu'
• hfula .ï kshï.ïj, we;s foa meyer .ekSu
• .ul § fyda le,hl § fyda whs;slrejka úiska ,nd fkdÿka fohla fidr is;ska .ekSu
• hfula Kh f.k Tfnka .;a Kfhla ug ke;ehs lshñka Kh
• fkdf.jd yeÍu
• hful= w,amud;% fyda lsisjla leue;af;ka u. hk ckhd kid Tjqkaf.a iïm;a fidrd .ekSu
 • hfula ;ud ksid fyda " wkqka ksid fyda " Okh ksid fyda i;H wioa§ fndre lSu'
• hfula hy¿jkaf.a wUqjka flfrys leue;af;ka fyda n,y;aldrfhka wkdpdrfha yeisÍu
• hfula iïm;a ;sfnoa§ crd njg m;a foudmshka fmdaIKh fkdlsÍu
• hfula uj fyda mshd fyda {d;Ska fyda ifydaor ifydaoßhka fyda flfrys jpkfhka fyda fldamh
Wmojd .ekSu
• hfula w¾:j;a foa wioa § wys;lau mjid w¾:h iÕjd l;d lsÍu
• hfula mdm l¾u fldg tAjd jid lghq;= lsÍu
• hful= wkHhkaf.a f.j,aj,g f.dia wdydr mdkdÈfhka ix.%y ,en ;u ksjig meñ‚ úg Tjqkag
ix.%y fkd lsÍu
• hfula meúoafola fyda " nuqfKla fyda " hdplfhla fyda fndrefjka /jàu
• hfula wdydr wkqNj lrk fõ,dj meñ‚ l,ays meúoafol= fyda fõjd nuqfKl= fyda fõjd whym;a
niska fldam Wmojd lsisjla fkd§u
• hfula uq,d isysfhka hqla;j hula .kq leue;af;ka fndre mejiSu
• hfula ;ud Wiia fldg wkHhka fy,d oelSu
• fldam bmoùu" uiqre nj " B¾IHd lsÍu" lmá nj" mjg ,Êc
• ke;sùu " mjg ìh ke;s nj"
• hfula nqÿrÿkag" meúoaokag" f.dúfhl=g" wmjdo lsÍu
• hfula ry;a fkdù uu ry;a hehs m%ldY lsÍu
• fuf,iska ji,fhl= ùu i|yd n,mdk ldrKd foaYkd l< nqÿka jykafia jeäÿrg;a foaYkd
lrkafka
• flfkla cd;sfhka ji,fhl= fkdfõ' cd;sfhka nuqfKl= o fkdfõ'
• l¾ufhka ji,fhl= fyda n%dyauKfhl= jk nj '

uydux., iQ;%h
nqÿ rcdKka jykafia ux., iQ;%h foaYkd lrkq ,nkafka foúhka úiska weiQ ux., m%YaKhg ms<s;=re
jYfhks' tys§ nqÿ ysñhka úika i¾j idOrK hehs iïu; ux., lreKq we;=,;a uyd ux., iQ;%h foaYkd
lr we;' tys§ mqoa., p¾Hdjkaf.a j¾Okh foi n,d fuu iQ;%h olajd we;' tys§"
zzwfiajkd p nd,dkx - mKaä;dkx p fiajkd
mQcdp mQckShdkx - tA;x ux., uq;a;uxZZ

Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia fmkajd fok m<fjks ux., ldrKdj nd,hka weiqre fkd lsÍu hs' ^wfiajkd
p nd,dkx& fuys § nd, lshd lshkafka msk - mj y÷kkafka ke;s" l=i,a - wl=i,a .ek okafka ke;s"
wi;amqreIhdg hs' tjeks nd,fhl= hym;" whym; l<hq;a; - fkd l< hq;a;" y÷kkafka keye' Tyq ldh
ÿYapß;fhka" jÖ ÿYapß;fhka" ufkda ÿYapß;fhka hqla; hs' tjeks wi;amqreI nd,hka weiqre fkd lsÍu
m<fjks ux., ldrKh jk w;r wi;amqreI .%yKhlg yiqjqfKd;a ish¨ u ux., lreKq wysñ ù hkjd'
fofjks ux., ldrKh mKaä;hka weiqre lsÍu ^mKaä;dkx p fiajkd& mKaä; lshd lshkafka
i;amqreIhkag" l,HdK ñ;%hkag" kqjKe;a;kag hs' › ioaO¾uh ;=< Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia" ry;ka
jykafia,dg;a" u.M,,dNs wd¾h Y%djlhkag;a mKaä; lshd Ndú; lr ;sfnkjd' tjka i;amqreIhka Y%oaOd"
iS," iq;" ;Hd." m%{d lshk O¾uhkaf.ka iukaú; hs' fujeks ux., lreKq 38la fuu iQ;%h ;=< foaYkd
lr we;'

lrKShfu;a; iQ;%h
Lqoaol ksldfhys m%:u Nd.fhys Lqoaol mdG fldgig wh;a iQ;%hls' ffu;%sh m%.=K
lsÍfuys,d l<hq;= ms<smeÈh hq;= wdldrh;a ffu;%sh me;srúh hq;f
a ;a ldgo hkak;a tu iQ;%
foaYkdfjka meyeÈ,s flfrhs' —lrKSh˜ hk mofhys w¾:h zzlghq;=-l<hq;=˜ hkakhs'
Ndjkdkqfhda.shd ;=< ;sìh hq;= ,CIK" .=Kdx. yd ffu;%sh jvk ms<sfj<o fuu iQ;%fhka ukdj
meyeÈ,s fõ'

lrKSh fu;a; iQ;h

% Ndjkdkqfhda.S NsCIQka jykafia,dg foúhkaf.ka jQ lror
ke;slr .ekSug nqÿka jykafia foaYkd fldg jod< WmfoaYhkaf.ka hqla;h' .=Kj;a jQ NsCIQ ka
jykafia,d jDCI uQ,hkays Ndjkdkqfhda.Sj Ôj;aùu ksid foújrekg tu .ia uqÿkays jdih lsÍug
fkd yelsúh' tneúka foújre úúO úldr rEm ujd mdkakg;a" wjg mßirh ÿ.| lrkakg;a"
úúO foa j,ska Ndjkdkqfhda.s ;;a NsCIQkag myr fokakg;a jQy' Ñ;a; iudêhla ,nd fkd isá tu
NsCIQka kej; nqÿka jykafia fj; meñK ;ukg w;a ú¢kakg jQ fï lrorhka m%ldY lrk ,È' tysÈ
nqÿka jykafia tu NsCIQkag fu;a; iQ;%h W.kajd kej;;a tu ia:dkhgu jevu fldg Ndjkd
lrkakg hehs wjjdo ÿkafial' ks;r ks;r fu;a; iQ;%h iÊCOdhkh lrkakg hehso wjjdo l<y'

—.ÉP: NslaLfj ;fïj fiakdikx Wmksiaidh úyr: iífí mk foaj;dys wNhx bÉP:' bux
mß;a;x W.a.kayd:' t;x ysfjd mß;a;xp lïuÜGdkxp Núiai;S;s bux iq;a;uNdis'˜

fuu WmfoaYh isysfha ;nd .;a NsCIQka jykafia,d kej;;a tu ia:dkhgu f.dia Ndjkd
jvkakg jQy'
lrKSh fu;a; iQ;%h ukdj wOHhkh lrkafkl=g tys wjia:d ;=kla y÷kd .; yels nj wms by;
§ wjOdrKh flf<uq' tu wjia:d ;=k fufiah'

1' m<uq .d:d 03ka ffu;%s Ndjkd jvkafkl= ;=< ;sìh hq;= .=Kdx.'
2' fojk .d:d 03ka fu;a is; me;srúh hq;af;a lõreka Wfoido hkak meyeÈ,s lrhs'
3' wjidk .d:d 04ka fu;a is; m;=rejk wdldrh ms<sn|j olajd we;'

fuu iQ;%hkays wka;¾.;h idrxY.;j fuf,i fmkajd Èh yelsh'

 3 by; i`oyka iQ;%hkays wka;¾.; wdpdrO¾u ;=<ska mqoa., ixj¾Okh
f.dvk.d.; yelswdldrh fmkajd fokak'

iuia; nqÿ iuh jQ l,S wdpdr O¾u wka;¾.; o¾Ykhls' fn!oaO wdpdr úoHdj ;=<ska
mqoa.,hdf.a f,!lsl Ôú;h fuka u mrf,dj Ôú;h o id¾:l lr .ekSug u. fmkajkjd fiau mru
iem; jQ ksjka iqj ,nd .ekSug o wjYH u. m%dfhda.sl wdpdr O¾u moaO;shla Tiafia ú.%y lr we;' nqoaO
foaYkd ;=< mqoa., l%shdjka fyd| - krl f,i ú.%y lsÍfï§ ta i|ydjk nqÿiuhdkq.; ks¾Kdhl ú.%y
lsÍug úúOdldr jQ mo Ndú; lr we;' WodyrK f,i mqKH mdm" l=i, - wl=i," mKaä; - nd," imamqßi
- wimamqßi hkd§ meÈ oelaúh yels h' fuu fyd| - krl hkak o¾Ykfhka o¾Ykhg" ixialD;sfhka
ixialD;shg" wd.fuka wd.ug tys tkakd jQ w¾: ú.%yhka fjkia fõ' ta wkqj f,dj mj;akd yskaÿ" fn!oaO"
bia,dï" l%sia;shdks" ffck wd§ iEu wd.ulu lsishï wdldrhl wdpdr O¾u moaO;shla olakg ,efí' tu
wdpdr O¾u moaO;s i,ld ne¨ úg fmkS hkafka tajd w;r yqÿ iudk;djka g jvd yqÿ wiudk;djka mj;sk
nj h' WodyrKhla f,i we;eï wd.ul m%dK>d;hg ;ykula ke;s w;r we;eï wd.ul m%dK>d;h
m%;slafIam lrhs' ta wkqj iodpdruh jYfhka .;a úg wd.ï w;r mj;sk wdpdr O¾u lreKq ;=< úIu;djhka
mj;sk nj meyeÈ,s fõ'

nqÿiuh ;=< wdpdr úoHdj m%uqLia:dkhla .kS' fn!oaO o¾Ykfha uQ,sl u mrud¾:hjk ksjk iu`.
fn!oaO wdpdr úoHdj ne£ mj;S' tfiau fjk;a wd.ïys tk wdpdr úoHdj iu`. fn!oaO wdpdr úoHdj ii|k
úg fn!oaO wdpdr úoHdj g iqúfYaIS ia:dkhla ysñ fõ' ukao ta fn!oaO wdpdr úoHdj w;sYh udkqISh yd
m%dfhda.sl;ajfhka hqla;jk neúks' th Tmamq l< yels m%n, WodyrKhla f,i m<uq ry;a yeg ku wu;d
l< m%ldYh fmkajdÈh yels h'

zzpr: NslaLfõ pdßlx nyq ck ys;dh" nyq ck iqLdh

f,dldkqlïmdh"
w;a:dh ys;dh" nyq ck iqLdh" fojukqiaidkx
ud tflk oafj w.ñ;a: fofi: NslaLfj Oïux
wdÈ l,HdKx mßfhdidk l,HdKx id;a:x iLHxckx flj, mßmqKaKx mßiqoaOx n%yau pßhx mldfi:ZZ

zzuyfKks fndfyda fokdg ys; iqj msKsi"f,djg wkqlïmd msKsi foõ ñksiqkag jev msKsi ys;
msKsi iem msKsi pdßldfjys yeisfrõ' fofofkla tl u`. fkdhõ' uyfKks uq," ueo w. hym;a jq
w¾: iys; jQ jH[ack iïm;a;sfhka mßmQ¾K jQ O¾uh foaYkd lrjq' msßiqÿ n%yaup¾hdj m%ldY lrjqZZ

´kEu wd.ul wdpdr úoHd;aul b.ekaùï w¾:j;a jkqfha tys wka;¾.; wdpdr úoHd;aul b.ekaùï
yrydh' l,am ld,hla mdróoï mqrd buy;a lemùfuka wêIaGdkfhka hqla;j ;uka jykafia wjfndaO
lr.;a O¾uh f,da i;ka flfrys Wkajykafia foaYkd lf<a wmßñ; jQ ohdkqlïmdfjks' nqÿ oyfuys tk
iEu b.ekaùula ;=<u" iEu foaYkdjla ;=<u m%dfhda.slj w;a ú¢h yels hï lsis wdpdr úoHd;aul
wka;¾.;hla we;s nj fn!oaO b.ekaùï foi wjOdkh fhduq lrk úg meyeÈ,s fõ' tjeks b.ekaùï
jYfhka is`.df,dajdo iQ;h
% " ji, iQ;%h" mrdNj iQ;%h" uydux., iQ;%h" lrKSh fu;a; iQ;%h fmkajd Èh
yelsh'
 zzl;uiai p;a;dfrd lïulsf,id mySkd fydka;s@ mdKd;smdf;d fLd" .ym;smq;a;" lïulsf,fid"
wÈkakdodkx lïulsf,fid" ldfuiqñÉPdpdfrd lïulsf,fid" uqidjdfod lïulsf,fid' buiai
p;a;dfrd lïulsf,id mySkd fydka;S’;s' boufjdp N.jd" box j;ajdk ^box j;ajd tjóÈfiiq Gdfkiq&
iq.f;d w:dmrx t;ofjdp i;a:dZZ
zzmdKd;smdf;d wÈkakdodkx" uqidjdfod p jqÉp;s'
mrodr.uk[afpj" kmamixika;s mKaä;d;s'ZZ
zz.Dym;s mq;%h" m%dK>d;h ^i;=ka ueÍu& wmsßisÿ l%shdjls' wo;a;dodkh ^wka i;= foh fydr ys;ska .ekSu&
wmsßisÿ l%shdjls' ldu ñ:Hdpdrh ^lduhkays jrojd yeisÍu& wmsßisÿ l%shdjls' uqidjdoh ^fndrelSu&
wmsßisÿ l%shdjls' Tyq úiska fï wmsßisÿ l%shd y;r mylrk ,oaodyq fj;ahhs” Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia lSjdyqh'
Ydia;DjQ iq.;hka jykafia fuh jodrd kej;o fufia jodf<ah'ZZ
zzi;=ka ueÍuo fidrlï lsÍuo" fndre lSuo" wkai;= wUqjka fj; hduo hk fï lreKq i;r kqjK
we;af;da m%ixid fkdlr;s'ZZ
^§>ksldh" md;sl j¾.fha" is`.df,dajdo iQ;%h&

ks¾jdK.dó m%;smod ud¾.fha m%:u mshjr jkafka YS,hhs' bka pß; ixj¾Okhla isÿfjhs' tfy;a
YS,fhka muKla ksjka wjfndaO l< fkdyels h' iudêfhka isÿlrkq ,nkafka iodpdrd;aul yslaóu
mokïfldg f.k ilid.;a wdOHd;auh ixj¾Okh lr .eksuhs' fuysÈ w;HjYHu foh jkqfha m%{djhs'
tA wkqj fmf<ys Ys," iudê" m%{d hkq ;%sYslaIdj yeáhg;a th úia;r lsÍfï tla udOHhla f,i wd¾hh
wIaGdx.sl ud¾.h;a bÈßm;a lr we;'
fndfyda iudc m%YaK ld,fhka ld,hg mj;sk iudc mßirhg wkql+,j ks¾udKh jk w;r fï
ksid iudch uqyqK foj wNsfhda. iq¿ mgq fkdfõ' tf,i uqyqK fok iudc wNsfhda. lsysmhla wm fjfik
iudc jgmsgdj wdY%fhkau fuf,i oelaúh yelsh'
• ishÈú kid.ekSu
• u;aøjH i|yd weíneys ùu
• iudc frda.
• ókS ueÍï
• ia;%S ¥IK
• f.da,Sh WIaK;ajh
fuu .eg¿ ish,a, we;sùu i|yd ñksiqka ;=< we;s wkjfndaOh;a ta ta udkisl uÜgï ;=< we;sjk
Ñka;k úma,jhka fya;= fõ' fï ish,a, i|yd ms<s;=re óg jir fooyia mkaishhlg by;§ mjd nqÿka
jykafia foaYkd lr we;' bka meyeÈ,s jkafka fuu iudc .egÆ ke;skï wNsfhda.hka ñksidf.a wdrïNfha
isgu mej; we;s njhs' ld,h;a iuÕ ñksia Èúh ixlS¾K fjñka mßKduh jk úg ta yd iuÕ fuu
wNsfhda.hka bÈßhg /f.k ths' fuu wNsfhda. iudcfhka iïmQ¾Kfhka uld oeóug fkdyels jqj;a tu
wNsfhda.hka wys;lr uÜgñka fuyd r|jd .ekSu i|yd nqÿ oyfï oelafjk wdpdr úoHd;aul ú.%yhka
ukdj Wmhqla; jk nj lsj hq;h
= '
 kQ;k úYaj iudch ;=< jvd;a ixlS¾K jQ .eg¨jlakï mßirh b;d fõ.fhka ¥IKh ùu hs'
ld¾ñllrKh kd.ßlrKh" wêl ck.ykh" úoHd;aul yd ;dlaI‚l ÈhqKqj wd§ fya;= idOl ksid kQ;k
f,dalfha fN!;sl mßirh b;d fõ.fhka ¥IKh fjñka mj;S' fuu mDÓúh ñksia jdihg kqiqÿiq ia:dkhla
njg wkql%ñlj m;afjñka mj;shs' jdhq ¥IKh" c, ¥IKh" Yío ¥IKh ;=re,;d úkdYh wd§ jYfhka
mßir ¥IKh úúOdldrfhka wm bÈßfha Èfkka Èk jeä fjñka mj;shs' f,dj fjfiiska ÈhqKq hehs iïu;
rgj,a mßir ¥IKh fj; ^wfkl=;a fkdÈhqKq hehs iïu; rgj,a yd .efkk úg& ork odhl;ajh
fnfyúka jeäh úfYaIfhka › ,dxlslhka f,i wm" mßir ixrlaIKh w;ska fndfyda bÈßfhka isák njg
i;=gq úh yels jqj;a" le,s li, bj;a lsÍu yd tAjd úkdY lsÍu flfrys olajk idOkSh jev ms<sfj<
fndfyda ukao.dó njla fmkakqï lrhs'

ñksidf.ka mßirhg wksis f,i n,mEï oelajqjfyd;a kej; ñksidg bka ,efnk whym;a
m%;spdrj,g uqyqK mEug isÿjk whqre j¾;udkfha we;eï isÿùïj,ska oel .kakg ,eì‚' nqoaO foaY.dfõ
uQ,sl b.ekaùula jQ zmáÉp iuqmamdoZ foaYkdfjka f,dj ish,a, tlsfkldg idfmalaIj n,mdk whqre
uekúka meyeÈ,s flfra'

nqÿka jykafia ;rï mßirh iu. iïnOkaOj Ôj;ajQ fjk;a Ydia;Djrhl= f,dj fkdue;' Wka
jykafiaf.a W;am;a;sh" nqoaO;ajh yd mßks¾jdKh iajNdúl ruŒh mßirh weiqfrysu isÿ ù ;sfí' nqÿka
jykafia jeämqru jev isáfha oyï foiqfõ ruŒh jQ iajNdúl mßirh weiqfrys h'

oïila mej;=ï iQ;% foaYkdj isÿlf<a nrKei bism;k ñ.odfha§ h' m<uq O¾u foaYkdjgu
Wkajykafia tn÷ jQ ruŒh iqkaor iajNdúl mßirhla fhdod .;a y' uyd fud.a.,a,dfk;a :r fndÊ®x.
iQ;%h foaYkd lf<a rc.ykqjr fõ¿jk kï jQ WK le,Ejl§h' bis.s,s iQ;%h foaYkd lf<a rc.ykqjr
.sÊcl+g m¾j;fha isgh'

liSNdroajdc iQ;%h w,xldrj;a jQ fl;ahdhla wi, § foaYkd lr we;' Oksh iQ;%h uyS.x.d ;Srfhys
isg foaYs;h' fufia ksrka;rfhka t<suyfka újD; mßirh weiqre fldg jdih lsÍu;a" O¾uh foaYkd
lsÍu;a nqÿkajykafiaf.a ms<sfj; úh'

nqÿka jykafia ish Y%djlhdg oyï foaYkd lsÍfï§ ksr;=reju mßirh ;=<ska f;dard.;a Wmud rEml
Ndú;d lr ;sfí' uÊ®su ksldfha uyd idrEmu iQ;%h ;=<ska O¾u lreKq ú.%y flfrkqfha .ila Wmud
fldg f.kh' liSNdroajdc iQ;%h iqkaor jQ fl;ahdhla Wmud fldg foaYkd l<y'

Oïumofha§ o fndfyduhla .d:d iqkaor jQ mdßißl jia;+®ka foaYkd lr ;sfí' mdßißl

fi!kao¾hfha úYsIag;u jQ ixfla;h mqIamhhs' o¾Yksh jQ iqj|j;a jQ u,a Wmud fldg fkdfhla ia:dkj,
oyï lreKq meyeÈ,s lr ;sfnk whqre ;%smsglh ;=< olakg ,efí' fujeks iudc wdo¾Ys foaYkd u`.ska nqÿ
ysñhka mqoa.,hdf.a ixj¾Okh Wfoid wiSñ;j lem úh' uyd ux., iQ;%fha ux., ldrKdjka foaYkd
lrkq ,enQfha"
 tl, oUÈj uyckhd w;r olsk foa hym;a fõ o@ wik ,o foa hym;a fõ o@ myi ,o foa hym;a
fõ o@ ljfrla hym; ols;a o@ lshd hym;a foa fyj;a ux., lreKq .ek l;dnyla we;sjqKd' tys § we;eï
flfkla ÈÜGux.,sl woyfia msysgd ^—& uu ux., hehs lshk foa oksñ' f,dj hym; jkafka ÿgq fohsks'
b;d W;=ï hehs iïu; rEm oelSu hym;a fjhs' WoEik u w,xldr mlaISka oelSu" f.ä msreKq fn,s .ila
oelSu" w,xldrj ieriqKq rc l=udrjreka fyda wdcdkSh wYajfhla fyda mqIaáu;a .jfhl= fyda .eìkshla
fyda mqkal<ila fyda fujeks W;=ï hehs iïu; foa oelSu W;=ï ux., lreKlehs mejiQy'

tu woyia we;eï wh ms<s.;a w;r" we;eï wh ms<s fkd f.k jdo újdo l<y' iq;ux.,sl oDIaÀ.;a
wh —f,dj hym;a jkafka wik foh hs' tkï Wiia hehs iïu; wdYS¾jdod;aul y~hs' WoEiku ÈhqKq
fõjd" n,dfmdfrd;a;= bgqfõjd" i;=gq is;a we;sfõjd" wo oji fyd|h" kel; fyd|h" wd§ b;d hym;a hehs
iïu; foa wikakg ,eîu uÕ=,a lreKqhehs mejiQy' fï wdlrhg ux., hkqfjka lsis`ÿ yrhla ke;s oE
ms,smeÈ ckhdg ux., iQ;%h ;=<ska ux., ldrkd myod §fuka wdl,amuh fjkia we;s úh'
ji," mrdNj iQ;% ;=<ska mqoa.,fhl=f.a msÍySu fmkajd ÿkay' mqoa.,fhl= ji,fhl= fyda nuqfKql=
jkafka ;u p¾Hdj wkqj nj tys§ olajd we;'
zzk cÉpd jif,da fyda;s
k cÉpd fyda;s n%dyaufKda
lïukd jif,da fyda;s
lïukd fyda;s n%dyaufKdaZZ
lrKSh fu;a; iQ;%fha§ mqoa., fm!reIh .ek foaYkd lr we;' lrKSh iQ;%fha uq,a .d:d 03ka
m%ldYs; tu .=K Ou_ 15 fufia oela fõ'

1' ish¨ lghq;af;ys oCIfhl= ùu ^ilaflda&

2' wjxl wfhl= ùu ^WcQp&
3' ksr;=reju iDcq we;af;l= ùu ^ iQcQp&
4' lSlre ùu ^ iqjfpd&
5' uDÿ fudf<dla we;af;l= ùu ^ uqÿ&
6' ksy;udkS ùu ^ wk;sudks&
7' ,o fohska i;=gq ùu ^ ika;=iaifld&
8' myiqfjka fmdaIKh l< yelsùu ^ iqNfrd&
9' jev wvq wfhl= ùu ^ wmamlsÉfpd & 10' ieye,a¨ .;s mej;=ï we;af;l= ùu ^ i,a,jql jq;a;s
11' ikaiqka b÷rka we;af;l= ùu ^ ika;sJøsfhd &
12' kqjK we;s wfhl= ùu ^ ksmfld&
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2 ixks mxpu j..h 2 uydj¾.h iÉp ixhq;kh ÿ;sh wdulOfmh''', j..h "iqrdfïrh iq;;
"nqc;%s.%ud "334msgqj" 1982
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