Full Research

Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
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SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BULACAN
PRENZA NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Problem and Its Background
This chapter will describe the different essential elements; the background
of the topic which contains the rationale, research locale, basic literature,
objective and over all purpose of the study: the statement of the problem: the
significance of the problem and lastly the scope and delimitation.
Background of the Study
Discipline is a behavior of a person in obeying rules in every aspect like
social, political and environmental. This manner contributes a great impact on the
improvement of society towards the issue of waste management. The improper
segregation and disorderliness has been the long-time unsolved problems of
every community. Having a reckless resident that throwing their garbage
everywhere and does not care on the possible result of their action on their
environment is one of the misbehavior we are experiencing right now.
Waste management is a crucial issue that our community had been faced
for a thousand of decade. According to a report from GMA Network, Meycauyan
City and Marilao are listed among as two of the filthiest places on Earth. The
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waste from the river system is extremely polluted that cause Marilao to be listed.
Moreover, the study from Tungol (2018), determined that Tabing-Ilog and
Patubig in the Municipality of Marilao has contaminated on a dangerous
elements or compounds from soil or water that have high density metals that are
toxic to organisms.
This research would take place among street sweepers living in
Municipality of Marilao, Bulacan. Having the total of 24 registered street
sweepers, participants is randomly selected and have a unique characteristic that
their child is a part of government scholarship. This can help the research to
have more informative and saturated answer because of their experience.
Street sweepers are the one that cleans the street usually in an urban
area. They have been employed in cities since sanitation and waste removed
became a priority. Sometimes people tend to neglect the visibility of this job, they
considered this as a low-profile kind of occupation. One the other side people are
not aware on what a street sweeper can do and their great contribution on our
society. According to Meaghan (2017), street sweeping offers a number of
benefits in whether environmental or social. This job improves the appearance of
every street by removing trash, stains, debris and broken asphalt, a street
sweeper makes sure the roads to look cleaner and attractive.

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Solid Waste Management in the Municipality of Marilao has emerged as
one of the biggest problem we are facing right now. According to Shekdar (2015),
solid waste management has been an integral part of every human society.
Asian countries are no exception in keeping global trends, the system ae being
oriented to concentrate on sustainability issues; mainly through the incorporation
of 3R (reduce, reuse and recycle). But this system is deficient on what we are
facing right now.
Disposal of waste is a vigorous task that street sweepers need to do,
taking a lot of responsibility on keeping the streets clean is the hardest part of
their job. Furthermore, having different kind of illness from their everyday job is
another problem they need to survive. Some street sweepers suffer on different
kind of respiratory disease like asthma and bronchitis, in the same way another is
the skin disease that a lot of street sweepers are experiencing. According to The
Manila Times (2017), it could be that the Philippines is an “underachiever” in Asia
in terms of access to quality of health care for the treatment of preventable
diseases of streetsweepers, landing 120th out of 195 countries reviewed. Some
diseases for which the Philippines got low scores, that is, for which there are
higher than expected death rates, that included chronic kidney disease (18 out of
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100), leukemia (24 out of 100) and tuberculosis (32 out of 100). The exposure
from their work has a lot of potential risk that is how serious their job.
The objective of this study is to determine the experiences of the street
sweepers on waste management on the Municipality of Marilao. How they able to
face a lot of struggles and difficulties in their chosen job.
The purpose of this study is to understand the different kinds of
experiences that the respondents possess as a part of a street sweepers journey
and how they manage their lives as well as their family’s needs. This study leads
us to understand all information that came from various people. The street
sweepers take as the person being describe in this study, works for the progress
of solid waste management program at the Municipality of Marilao. So, at this
stage in the research, we will know how the two focus of this study, the street
sweepers and the solid waste management will run throughout and also, we want
to know all about this two by knowing their experiences.
Statement of the Problem
The purpose of this phenomenological study is to determine the lived
experience of the streets sweeper in the Municipality of Marilao. At this stage

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Waste Management will be generally define as a collection and disposal of waste
to keep the environment of Marilao safe and clean.
Specifically, the study will seek to answer the following questions:
1.What are the challenges encountered by the streetsweepers?
2.How do streetsweepers deal with undisciplined people?
3.How do streetsweepers balance their work and time for family?
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
The scope of this study is about how the street sweepers manage the
solid waste and what are the ways they do to collect and clean the large amount
of waste here in Municipality of Marilao. This only focuses on the experience of
streetsweepers on their work area and how they able to survived a lot of
challenges.
This study is limited only in Municipality of Marilao with 7 total numbers of
respondents, it’s either male or female has at least 3 years above experience
and their age range from 40 years old and above with a child or children that is
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part of government/scholarship. The researchers are not going to write any
confidential issues which are not belong in this study and researchers should not
conducting research that is not covered in this study.
Significance of the Study
This research is all about the Experience of Streetsweeper on solid waste
management of municipality of Marilao. This study will show the insights on why
they still choose to be a streetsweeper given the fact that it deals with garbage.
And how they address difficulties in one of the main problem of our country which
is solid waste management. The following people will benefit on the study:
Streetsweeper. This study can help them to be aware that their work is
decent and helps keep the environment of Marilao clean and safe. This will also
serve as their voice to out their sentiments and to share how they faced different
challenges in their work area.
Residents. Residents are one of the main beneficiaries of this research.
This study will help them to have insights on how to reduce the clutter in their
area.
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Local Government Unit. Though a street sweeper’s work is hard and
unenviable, job security continues to be an elusive dream. From the presented
reality, it is a call to the concerned government agencies and non-government
sectors to initiate proactive action that ensures them access to quality of life and
services.
Students. The students are the one who will directly benefit of the
conducted research. This study can be useful for the students to understand the
importance of streetsweeper in cities.
Future Researchers. This study can help future researchers in gathering
information and making conclusions about the experience of streetsweeper on
solid waste management. This can be a reference to them to make improvement
in their future study.

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Review of Related Literature
This chapter would give the background of the current study by providing
the following studies and literatures. These related literatures and studies would
provide knowledge to let the study to be more comprehensive for the benefit of
the readers and researchers.
On street sweepers
According to Salve and Bansod (2018), the occupation of sweeping is a
vigorous task which involves sweeping of assigned areas such as roads,
footpaths, parks, markets, and open settlements with the help of long-handle
brooms and wheelbarrows. The waste collected in wheelbarrows is finally
deposited in the nearby community dustbins. This whole process requires
continuous physical activities such as manual sweeping in the standing posture
for long durations, bending while collecting the swept waste, pushing and pulling
of the wheelbarrow, and manual lifting of baskets to deposit waste.
Moreover, according to Hughes and Simpson (2017), on a relational
approach and based on an ethnographic study of street cleaners and refuse
collectors, we redress a tendency towards an overemphasis on the discursive by

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exploring the co-constitution of the material and symbolic dynamics of dirt. We
show how esteem-enhancing strategies that draw on the symbolic can be both
supported and undermined by the physicality of dirt, and how relations of power
are rooted in subordinating material conditions. Through employing Hardy and
Thomas’s taxonomy of objects, practice, bodies and space, we develop a fuller
understanding of how the symbolic and material are fundamentally entwined
within dirty work and suggest that a neglect of the latter might foster a false
optimism regarding worker experiences.
In addition, according to Hamilton and Redman (2019), we consider how
dignity is discursively constructed in the context of work dominated by physicality
and dirt. Based on semi-structured interviews with garbage workers, our analysis
considers how the deprivations they experience are cast through discourses
intended to construct their individual and collective worth. We consider the
manner in which dignity maybe denied to such workers through popular
repudiations of individuality and status. We demonstrate how this positioning
arises from contact with physical dirt, and associations with socially dirty work
based on ascriptions of servility, abuse and ambivalence. We go on to consider
how garbage workers respond to this positioning through discourses of ‘everyday
heroism’. Heroism is evoked through three inter-related narratives that speaks to
a particular type of masculinity.

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On solid waste management
According to Talib and Bhutta et. al (2019), the traditional focus of
municipal solid waste management (MSWM) of collection and disposal to
sustainable MSWM that takes a system view and addresses issues related to
waste prevention, waste reduction, and waste segregation. There are
disagreements on several issues considered as strategic to implement a
sustainable municipal solid waste management. Thus, there is a need to bring all
the stakeholders agree on common policy issues of sustainable solid waste
management.
Furthermore, according to Al-Khateeb and Al-Sari et. al (2017),
understanding the predictors of sustainability in solid waste management (SWM)
systems can significantly contribute to eliminate many waste management
problems. In this paper, the sustainability elements of solid waste management
systems of interest are attitudes toward separation at the source, behavior
regarding reuse and/or recycling and willingness to pay for an improved service
of solid waste management. The place of residence and dwelling premises are
the significant factors influencing attitudes toward separation at the source; the
place of residence and age are the significant factors explaining behavior
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regarding reuse and/or recycling; while the dwelling premises, gender, level of
education and being received education on waste management are the
significant factors affecting willingness to pay for an improved service of solid
waste management.
According to Zeng and Filho et. al (2017), the disposal and treatment of
solid waste have been global concerns, especially regarding urban areas. Many
people debate the balance between economic development and environment
protection. Sustainability is always an issue which attracts attention from not only
researchers but also from governmental organizations and the public, either in
developed or developing countries.
On local community
According to Godfrey & Clarke (2016) Local communities have a key role
in tourism development as they are crucial in providing a good environmental
condition for tourists. Local communities are a basic element of modern tourism
development. They are the focal point for the supply of accommodation, catering,
information, transport, facilities and services for tourism development.

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Furthermore, according to McIntyre, et al. (2018), states that local
communities must organize themselves at all levels to play a more effective role
in development and interact with government and role-players at all levels. They
must be able to identify potential tourism resources and attractions within their
communities and support and promote responsible tourism and community
development. They should be eager participants in tourism decision making with
respect to major tourism development for communities.
In addition, according to Mattessich & Monsey (2015) They presented the
general definitions of community: community consists of persons in social and
cultural interaction within geographic area and having one or more additional
common ties. And they defined community as a “people who live within a
geographically defined area and who have social and psychological ties with
each other and with the place where they live”.
On municipality services
According to Caldas and Dollery (2019), local government policy
intervention, especially by means of structural reform, requires a detailed
knowledge of the scale and scope characteristics of the local government

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services, explicitly solid urban waste collection and wastewater treatment. The
scale economies can explain differential council performance in terms of treating
wastewater and collecting urban waste and how this might shed light on the
question of optimal jurisdictional size, i.e., the quantity of consumed resources
and the volume of delivered services that maximize council productivity.
Furthermore, according to Dagenais and Saunier (2016), any scholarly
inquiry into the history of municipal employees and services in the modern city
immediately involves consideration of the roles played by local institutions and
the particular processes that contributed towards shaping the urban fabric. Urban
transformation was underpinned by structural development, and the municipal
workforce was an integral and increasingly prominent part of the agencies of
change.
Moreover, according to Hughes and Peterson (2018), municipal
services—such as water, energy, and waste management—play a significant
role in shaping the sustainability of cities. In many places, these services are also
fully or partially delivered by the private sector, but we are only beginning to
understand the implications this has for the politics and administration of urban
sustainability initiatives. To better understand best practices available to local
governments for pursuing urban sustainability in the context of privatization, the

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importance of public sector capacity, and the potential for corporate social
responsibility in municipal service.
On sense of responsibility
According to Madrigal (2018), a significant difference was found in the
awareness, attitude and practices of respondents and this established the
relationship between awareness and attitude on one hand and the extent of
practice of solid waste management. It is also influences attitude that
subsequently determines behavior particularly in solid waste management as
intervened by appropriate environmental education.
Moreover, according to Tangwanichagapong and Siwaporn et. al (2017),
sense of responsibilities the environmental articles and opinions of the residents
and investigates their behavioral responses to waste management initiatives.
Demonstration project on waste segregation and recycling, as well as a waste
reduction campaign, were set up on the campus to ascertain people’s attitudes
and investigate their behavioral responses toward 3R practices.
In addition, with Holmes (2015), said that waste is an issue for all of us.
We all create it and that means we are all responsible for what happens to it.
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Waste needs to be dealt with in the safest way possible. Even as householders,
we have responsibilities for waste. Usually this means putting our waste and
recycling out for collection by our local council, or by waste collection services
contracted by our local council. Largely as householders, we deal responsibly
with waste, so it doesn’t harm the environment, by following the guidance
supplied to us by local councils on how to dispose of our waste.
On public workers
According to Indartono and Faraz (2019), public workers have
requirement and characteristics of public jobs are differed from the private ones.
It is likely to be more related on political issues. They have to adjust their work
orientations in different regimes obligations. They will play different behaviors
and attitudes on their jobs. Hence it is important to investigate the effect of their
behavior on their attitudes. The services theory could make more academic
alternative to solve the problems of the complex service of public workers. Public
workers are likely to show their emotional attachment at work rather than their
feeling of obligation. The high political issues are more regarded as an
investment orientation rather the feeling obligation to the regime.

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Moreover, according to LIgan (2018), public workers such as the street
sweepers are being study in depth interview (IDI) and focused group discussion
were employed in collecting the data. Finding revealed that they are working with
no security of tenure leading to major compensation and non- existing benefits.
Dearth of necessary work implements and bureaucratic re d tape were found out
as predicaments encountered other than insecurity and vulnerability of the work.
In solving the problems encountered, loan dependence and moonlighting turned
out to be the primary solution aside from perseverance to the job, detachment
and nonchalance as well as their wishful thinking.
On urban area
According to Pandey (2018), urban waste is a huge problem that has led
to health and environmental issues. It needs to be focused on, mainly from the
‘back-end’ with better technology, expert planning, fund-raising, and awareness.
Urban waste can be defined, in simple terms, as the waste collected from the
residential and industrial areas of cities and towns. This waste can lead to
serious health and environmental issues if not disposed of, treated, or managed
properly.
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Moreover, according to Nyakaana (2016), deteriorating urban environment is the
enemy of sustainable development. Solid waste management is one of the major
environmental problems facing city municipalities today. In most developing
countries, this important service is based on the local government's centralized
collection, transportation and disposal strategy. Currently this approach has
proved to be inefficient due to the heavy financial requirements involved. There is
an urgent need to provide for the safe disposal of the solid waste generated by
urban residents and businesses. The increase in urban, economic and industrial
activities, as well as the resultant population increase have led to an increase in
the quantity of solid waste generated.
In addition, according to Castillo (2017), waste generations by residents in
the Philippines, especially in the urban areas, have accelerated recently due to
fast pace industrialization, urbanization and population growth. Since incineration
of solid waste is not allowed under Republic Act 9003 for the safety of human
health and protection of environment, land filling and the integrated waste
management method (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) are the main types of solid
waste management in the country. The law also requires the mandatory
segregation at source of solid waste into containers labeled as: compostable,
recyclable, non-recyclable, or special use.

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On waste reduction
According to Patil and Kamble (2017) Street sweepers play an important
role in maintaining health and hygiene in cities. They are exposed to road dust
and other contaminants while cleaning streets. Exposure of this dust and
contaminants irritates respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction. To reduce
occupational health hazards in sweepers, they must be made alert and aware of
potential health risk arising from their work. Reduction in exposure and use of
personal protective equipment should be encouraged.
Furthermore, according to O'Connell (2017), changing the waste system is
a necessary part of achieving sustainable human systems and how transforming
consumer attitudes towards waste is a vital piece of sustainable waste
management. This was also an exploration of the attitudes and beliefs that
promote and prohibit waste reduction behaviors. The unsustainable character of
current waste systems was explained and put into an historical context. It
focused on how household waste plays a role in waste systems and how the
waste behaviors and attitudes of individuals play a role in moving from a linear
system of waste disposal to a cyclical system of waste recovery. Methods to
reduce waste undertaken by individuals, organizations, and municipalities are

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discussed. This has added to the dialogue about how to increase environmental
stewardship behaviors, specifically those that involve waste reduction.
In addition, according to Fesseha and Bin (2016) Due to the rapid and
immense quantities of solid wastes products in our city, municipality and urban
areas have been increasing day by day due to developments of new Industries.
As a result of increasing number of industry, a huge amount of wastes is
produced daily in all developing nations. The main findings revealed that:
containers are not properly emptied on time, insufficient of support from solid
waste management office, due to the absence of processing and recovery
system, lack of awareness and poor public attitude towards solid waste
management, weak monitoring and evaluation system.
On local government unit
According to Vatn (2015), the type of institutions presents in a local
government unit and the various arrangements between and among them Critical
to the realization of a sustainable solid waste management program. Institutions
refer to conventions, norms and legal rules of a society that provide expectations,
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stability and meaning essential for coordination that in turn regularize life, support
values and protect and produce interests.
Moreover, according to Hagedorn (2016) related that institutional
arrangements geared toward co-ordination would arise depending on the
features and implications of transactions related to nature and the ecosystem.
Institutional arrangements specific to solid waste management in a local
government unit could be between and among key actors that include the local
government, the community, and the private sector, which could generally be
categorized to fall under legal, regulatory and financing components.
In addition, according to Sumalde (2015), the challenges of effective solid
waste management are exacerbated with the growing urbanization. Now with the
decentralization of the management of environmental resources to local
government units in the Philippines, the need for innovative approaches is
pressing given some financial resources limitations. However, with the enactment
of the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act (RA 9003) that sets the
guidelines on solid waste avoidance and volume reduction, local government
units remain uncertain particularly with regard to enforcement and financing of
solid waste management program.

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On environment regulatory
According to Dec and Lei (2016), environmental regulations fundamental
text was published in April 1987. Under article 8 all activities that release harmful
emissions to the environment are subject to special regulation. In particular,
polluting activities are subject to a licensing process and their emissions are
subject to a licensing process and their emissions are subject to limits
established in specific legislation. Moreover, if the legal limits on emission are not
met, state agencies may apply fines and sanctions. One possible sanction is to
cease the activity, and in some cases judicial action may also be taken.
In addition, according to El Selvier (2015) the agency of National
Environment Protection Council in the Philippines has identified and review the
progress made in its effective implementation since 1986. Projects proponents
show a modest acceptance of the system. This shows that the environmental
regulations that had been proposed is successful.
Furthermore, according to Dasgupta, Roy and Wheeler (2018),
environmental protection has not been restricted to healthy nations. Starting at
the lowest level of development, regulation increases steadily with income per
capita. The characteristic progression is from natural resource protection through
regulation of water pollution, to air pollution control. Average of the people living
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in different nation accept a sort of environmental regulations in their everyday
living.
Synthesis
With above reviewed literatures and related studies, researchers come up
with this conclusion. A street sweeper is a person that clean the street that
usually employed in cities. Since sanitation and waste removal become a priority.
Solid waste management system is the separation at the source behavior
regarding reuse and recycling. Local community have an impact in tourism
development because they are crucial in providing a good environmental
condition. Municipal service plays a significant role in shaping the sustainability of
cities. Sense of responsibility influence the attitude that determine the behavior
particularly in solid waste management. Public workers have a characteristic of
public jobs. Urban area has accelerated recently due to fast industrialization,
urbanization and population growth. Waste reduction achieving a sustainable
human system and have transforming consumer attitudes towards waste is vital
piece of sustainable waste management. Local government unit are the one who
arrangement between among critical to the realization of sustainable solid waste
management program. Environmental regulatory a licensing process and their

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emissions are subject to limits established in specific legislation. The themes
street sweepers, solid waste management, local community, municipality
services, sense of responsibility, public workers, urban area, waste
reduction, local government unit, environment regulatory are connected on
the lived experiences of street sweepers on solid waste management. It is a
great help to have further knowledge about the words that is related on the
subject matter.
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Methodology
This chapter includes the research design, respondents of the study,
research instruments, and research procedures that was used in the study.
Research Design
The study will utilize a type of qualitative research that uses a
phenomenological approach to determine the experience of street sweepers on
waste management. This study intends to focus on the live experiences of a
certain person. To integrate the different component of the study in a coherent
and logical way, thereby, ensuring that the researchers will effectively solve the
research problem. According to Lester (2015), Phenomenology is an approach to
a qualitative research, the purpose of a phenomenological approach is to clarify
and enlighten how people understand and comprehend certain phenomena.
This study was engaged in using phenomenological study on experiencing the
life experience of street sweepers at Municipality of Marilao towards the solid
waste. Their everyday experience in street sweeping gave them chance to
improve their communication skills by interacting to other people. The study will
help the people to widen their knowledge about the current issue.
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Respondents of the Research
This study uses a non-probability sampling wherein respondents are
chosen based on the pre-set criteria of this study. Under the non-probability
sampling, the researchers conducted a purposive sampling to get the target
number of respondents. According to Robinson (2015), purposive sampling is an
intentional selection of informants based on their ability to elucidate a specific
theme, concept or phenomenon. The setting of this study is at the Municipality of
Marilao, Bulacan. This study included a total of seven (7) respondents that are
street sweepers.
Instrument of the study
The study will use interview method to conduct a research. According to
Cahill (2015), interviews are particularly useful for getting the story behind a
participant’s experiences. The interviewer can pursue in depth information
around a topic. Interviews may be useful as follow up to certain respondents to
questionnaires to further investigate their responses. Usually open- ended
questions are asked during interviews. The researchers conducted this research
due to the curiosity on the daily lives of street sweepers and this was also a
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critical issue because the street sweeper are actually the saviors of the
environment since their main goal is to sweep and keep the street clean. Thus,
the researchers used different methods and connections in finding the key
informants to be used in this study. All information that is vital in the study was
acquired using local questionnaires. The localize interview protocol was used as
a tool to gathered information about their everyday challenges or experiences.
Wherein the researchers provided and was validated and approved by the
chosen grammarian and the research adviser and the questionnaire would
encompass five open-ended questions that the key informants answered. The
researcher was able to do these data collection techniques included in depth
personal interviews, direct observations and video recording.
Research Procedure
This study had undertaken a systematic data gathering procedure. First,
the researchers approach the research adviser get the approval of the study and
the schools administrators to permit them in conducting the study. Second, they
reached out the street sweeper to know if there were qualified based on the pre-
set criteria as a key Informants towards the conduction of the research study.
After getting the full name of the key informants, the researchers gave a letter
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consent to those street sweepers who work in the Municipality Government of
Marilao to informed them that they are part of this study upon their approval. The
letter includes the objectives of its research as well as its title. The researchers
collected some initial information about them and the confidentiality and
anonymity of the said informants were protected. Next, researchers proceed on
providing a localized interview protocol that helped to know more about the lived
experiences of the subject matter. During the interview, the researchers used
video or audio recorder to record the thoughts and the non-verbal actions of the
interviewee. After the interview, the recordings were transcribed by the
researchers to serve as the data. The collection of this type of information gave
more accurate data for this study. Lastly, the researcher analyzed and interpret
the gathered information to formulate a conclusion about the lived experiences of
street sweepers.
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Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data
This chapter presents the analysis and interpretation of the data collected
from the interview protocol supplemented with the set of questionnaires and
analyzed data to answer the problem posed in Problem and Its Background.
Presentation of Data
Area of Focus Codes
What are the challenges that you • Extensive Cleaning (Ec)
encounter in your everyday work?
• Weather (W)
What is the biggest challenge that you • Violators (V)
face today as a street sweeper? • Undisciplined Behavior (Ub)
• Improper Waste Management
(Iwm)
How do you finish your work efficiently • Cleaning Strategies (Cs)
on managing solid waste? • Self-Discipline (Sd)
How do you handle undisciplined • Photo Documentation (Pd)

people regarding waste?
• Reporting Violators (Rv)
How do you balance work and time for • Family Bonding (Fb)
family? • Balancing Quality Time (Bqt)
• Effective Management (Em)

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Emergent Code
Q1. What are the challenges that you encounter in your everyday work?
• Extensive Cleaning (Fc)
• Weather (W)
Extensive Cleaning (Ec) Weather (W)
• Maglinis ng mga kalsada ng • Pagbinabaha, nag- aano kami

opisina minsan may event dito ng lupa sa ilog yung mga putek
sa munisipyo kami yung putek inaano naming pinapaa
nakatutok. nilalagay naming sa sako.
• Sa labas nagwawalis, grass • Minsan hindi naman po
cutter, nagdadamo. sinasadya ng mga driver na
• Labas naman po ang tatalsikan kami ng tubig kapag
naencounter ko po yung umuualan. May time na
nagpapala kami may mga naulanan po kami tapos hindi na
alikabok. po ako nakapagbanlaw
hanggang sa nakatulog ako,
kinabukasan gininaw tapos
sinipon hindi na po ako
nakapasok.
Table 1: Emergent coding for question 1

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Q2: What is the biggest challenge that you face today as a street sweeper?
• Violators (V)
• Undisciplined Behavior (Ub)
• Improper Waste Management (Iwm)
Violators (V) Undisciplined Behavior Improper Waste

(Ub) Management (Iws)
• Meron kaseng • Siguro yung • Na try namin
mga taong tapon magtatapon sila maglambitin sa
lang ng tapon aawayin kami mga baging para
alam na may • Yung maraming lang malinis ang
naglilinis sige nagtatapon sa isang lugar
parin ang tapon kalsada kahit hindi • Bagyo na naglinis
• Ang mga pasaway naman dapat kami ng borak na
ay pipicturan pagtapunan at hanggang tuhod
namin tapos iyon maraming po na pinapala
papadala namin pasaway namin yun
sa supervisor. • Habang • Walang garbage
• Taong sinasaway nagwawalis po bag konti lang
namin na bawal ako may
magtapon ng dumadaan na
basura sila pa ang sasakyan na may
galit nag dudura

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Q3. How do you finish your work efficiently on managing solid waste?
• Cleaning Strategies (Cs)
• Self-Discipline (Sd)
Cleaning Strategies (Cs) Self-Discipline (Sd)
• Tinututukan ko pong mabuti para • Bawal pong gumamit ng gadgets

magampanan ko po at maayos ko habang nagtatrabaho pag break
yung trabaho. time lang po
• Itinatabi namin yung mga • Wala kang cellphone dapat
nadadakot namin na basura kasi tulungan kayo ng kasama mo at
meron namang kumukuha sa pagwawalis lang
amin. • Pinag-iigihan para matapos agad
• Nagkakaisa kami kasi para lahat ang trabaho at binibilisan sa
kami makaoagatrabaho ng paglilinis para matapos agad
maayos. yung area.
Q4. How do you handle undisciplined people regarding waste?
• Photo Documentation (Pd)
• Reporting Violators (Rv)

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Photo Documentation (Pd) • Reporting Violators (Rv)
• Yung iba pinipicturean kung • Kapag nahuli kang nagtatapon

hindi para yung picture na yon ng basura sa kasada may
ipapadala sa munisipyo multang 500 o pagkakakulong
• Kaya pinipicturan ng mga super ng 13 days
visor namin ang mga hindi • Sinusumbong namin sa
sumusunod supervisor namin at bahala na
• Ako kinukuhanan ko ng picture ang visor namin sa dapat niyang
at ipapadala kay Mayor gawin.
Q5. How do you balance work and time for family?
• Family Bonding (Fb)
• Balancing Quality Time (Bqt)
• Effective Management (Em)

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Family Bonding (Fb) Balancing Quality Time Effective Management

(Bqt) (Em)
• Work tapos • Inaalam ko • Naglilinis sa
pagdatong ng schedule ng anak umaga at
linggp bonding ko para nagluluto kasi
kasi malaki narin nagkakatugma minsan naghahati
yung anak ko. kami kami ng asawa ko
• Binibigyan ko ng • Pag uwi alaga sa sa pagkain at nag
quality time kaya mga anak aalaga sa mga
nga minsan magluluto, anak namin, ako
sinasama ko sila maglilinis, naman naglilinis at
dinidate ko sila o maglalaba pag nagluluto.
nagdadate kami araw ng linggo • mag eestimate ka,
sa labas laba at pahinga. ganito kaya kong
• Pagdating ng • Oras ko sa tapysin ng
linggo nagsisimba trabaho at oras ko ganitong oras to
kami ng pamilya at sa mga anak kp para matapos ko
kakain sa labas syempre • Kailangan
binibigyan ko rin maagang
ng oras ang mga gumising para
anak ko makapagluto ka
pa sa pamilya mo

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Data Analysis
The first specific question is
What are the challenges that you encounter in your everyday work?
Tasks of the Street Sweepers. The analysis of street sweepers towards
the task completed generated two (2) categories.
1.1 Extensive Cleaning (Ec)
1.2 Weather (W)
1.1 Extensive Cleaning
According to Olszewska (2017), in this thesis the issues related to
mechanical and manual cleaning of streets, squares and open areas were
undertaken. Local regulations regarding the maintenance of cleanliness and
order in the city was analyzed. It showed that the participants had
experienced challenges in cleaning in the streets for every day task that they
needed to accomplish. The participants showed that cleaning in the streets
with many factors is one of challenges they encounter on their street
sweeping activities.
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1.2 Weather
According to Parfitt (2016), weather does have a major impact on your daily
productivity because changes to the atmosphere in your immediate workspace
also assist in rejuvenating motivation for increased productivity. It does help to
get up and relocate your self for a few minutes to get back on track when you
experience a weather- related distraction at work. According to the gathered data
street sweepers were affected on the weather whenever they are cleaning. There
were times that they got sick and as the result, they cannot work properly and at
worst they failed to go in their working areas. This means that weather has a big
impact on the performance of streetsweepers.
The second specific question is
What is the biggest challenge that you face today as a street sweeper?
Problems that Affect the Work Performance of the Street Sweepers.
Analysis of the street sweepers performance regarding on the work problems
generated (3) categories.

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2.1 Violators (V)
2.2 Undisciplined People (Up)
2.3 Improper Waste Management (Iwm)
2.1 Violators
According to Karpoff (2015), environmental violations are disciplined
largely through legal and regulatory penalties, not through reputational penalties.
It proved that one of the problem faced by a street sweeper was people who do
not follow the rules. Another problem that commonly faced by the street
sweepers was people who have no discipline. It is unfair for others who maintain
at least some level of good moral and right conduct when it comes to waste
especially the street sweeper. Our cities and towns were dirty because of lack of
government authorities to enforce the laws despite of having many rules and
regulations on waste management.

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2.2 Undisciplined People
According to Crenson (2014), the neighborhood street-sweeper pushes
her residential area to a level of public cleanliness at which her neighbors will
notice and take in to account the slovenly conduct of their more negligent fellow
residents. She creates circumstances in which the uncooperative behavior of
free-riders tends to influence the conduct of another citizen. According to data
that were gathered, people who lack discipline and good moral is one of the
problems of street sweepers. It is hard to argue with them that is why street
sweeper do not pay attention to them. In Marilao, for instance, if you caught
people throwing a cigarette butt, you will give a corresponding penalty to make
them realize that their action was wrong and give them a lesson so they will not
do it again.
2.3 Improper Waste Management
According to Kumar (2017), The major problems affecting solid was
management are unscientific treatment, improper collection of waste, and ethical
problems. This in turn leads to hazard like environmental degradation, water
pollution, soil pollution, and air pollution. It showed that waste management was
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one of the common challenges of street sweepers. The garbage from the
residents have no proper segregation so the task of street sweepers is to
separate garbage into its designation. In all the waste they encounter, street
sweeper experienced hardship and difficulties on managing the waste of every
violator.
The third specific question is
How do you finish your work efficiently on managing solid waste?
Street Sweeper Finishing Techniques. Analysis of street sweeper
techniques on how they finish their works easily generated two (2) categories.
3.1 Cleaning Strategies (Cs)
3.2 Self-Discipline (Sd)
3.1 Cleaning Strategies
According to Jaffe (2015), street sweeping strategies is one of those vital
municipal functions that affects everyone in the city, even though we know little
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about it. Based on the data garthered the participant has enough information on
how they deal on the waste in which they create a strategy to make their work
easier. In addition, a strategy that takes on cleaning in a systematic and
organized way would help you to be more productive, and to have an effectivity
in your work. Moreover, having this kind of work often feels like drudgery but
having strategy or techniques in cleaning the environment is a necessity of life.
3.2 Self-Discipline
According to Wormley (2016), employee discipline is not a matter of
dominance or punishment but it is about making the work environment safe and
pleasant for both employees and management. It starts with clear communication
and continues through consistency in order to maintain order and respect in the
workplace. The participants did everything for the management and all the
people that have an involvement in their work. Participants had willingness in
generating their job without any distraction around them. The participants had
some ways to lessen the hours they consume in cleaning and used their time
efficiently.
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The fourth specific question is
How do you handle the undisciplined people regarding waste?
Strategies of Street Sweepers Towards Violators. The analysis of
street sweeper strategy toward violators generated two (2) categories.
4.1 Photo Documentation (Pd)
4.2 Reporting Violators (Rv)
4.1 Photo Documentation
According to Balchandani et. al (2017), this paper introduces an
automated framework which addresses street cleaning problem in a better way
by making use of modern equipment with cameras and computational techniques
to analyze and deep learning-based neural network techniques can be used to
achieve better accuracy and performance for object detection and classification
than conventional machine learning algorithms for large volume of images. it also
provides information on the cleanliness status of the streets on a dashboard
updated in real-time. It implied that taking pictures can easily inform the
management regarding to the violators who threw garbage and waste in the
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street. Also, it helps them through sending it and making an evidence or proof to
the authority. The government will take an action to the violators and give them a
penalty. Furthermore, it provides things and makes their work easier for them
because they have sufficient time for sweeping instead of focusing to the
undisciplined people. The participants showed that taking pictures is one of the
good ways of handling undisciplined people regarding waste.
4.2 Reporting Violators
According to Mihajlovic (2015), the nemesis of every street sweeper is the
illegally parked vehicle. Despite the passing of bylaws to prohibit parking during
sweeping operations, violators are not easily deterred and the streets are seldom
clear of vehicles. One option is the use of license plate recognition (LPR)
technology. The participants showed that reporting the violators can help them
through the laws and protocol of the government so that the violators will help
them to learn the rules and regulation on proper throwing waste on the street.
Street sweepers were focused on their work but they also learned their task and
objective in the street before their duty. Also, they report those violators of the
laws regarding in the solid waste management. Based on the respondents, it

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helps a lot for them when they report the people who violated the laws because it
lessens the violators and they learn through their mistakes.
The fifth specific question is
How do you balance work and time for family?
Ways on Managing Time of Street Sweeper. Analysis of street
sweepers on managing time generated three (3) categories.
5.1 Family Bonding (Fb)
5.2 Balancing Quality Time (Bqt)
5.3 Effective Management (Em)
5.1 Family Bonding
According to Mutri (2016), the old concepts of what a family should be has
been thrown out the window. It used to be that one parent stayed home, the
children saw their parents before and after school, and the whole family sat down
to dinner every night, talking about their day, talking to each other about what is
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going on in their lives. According to the data gathered bonding was important for
them and they always make time to be with their family whenever they have free
day in the end of their working days. They try to be with each other every Sunday
if possible. Every dinner is important for them because it is the only time in every
day that they are complete.
5.2 Balancing Quality Time
According to (2018), trying to balance work and home life is even more
difficult. Recent surveys reveal that many parents are eager to make changes so
they can work more flexibly, even if it affects their pay, because they know that
having time with their children is important. It showed that the participants were
able to balance their time for work and family and their roles as parent were
finished before working on the street. Having more time with job than family is a
problem that the only solution is to balance their time. They set their goals and try
to do things in advance to maintain time for family while contributing in our
community.
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5.3 Effective Management
According to Mcneely (2015), as you organize your to-do list, prioritization
is key for successful time management at work. Start by eliminating task that you
should not be performing in the first place. It implied that the participants were
able to manage their time efficiently on every task that were assigned to them.
They always make sure to do what they need to accomplish to save time for their
family. Participants prioritized the most important thing to do before anything
else, they focused on their family when they are at home. They estimate their
time to know what the best way to manage it efficiently.
Interpretation
1. What are the challenges that you encounter in your everyday work?
Based on the respondents’ answers, the challenges that they encountered
in everyday work is cleaning in the streets. They experienced difficulties
regarding to the solid waste, also they experienced dust coming from the
vehicles and a hard time cultivating the soil. They also stated that sweeping in
the streets is a hard thing they do in their working fields, because of the tiny
particles of waste scattered on the streets. In addition, they felt happy and
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satisfied even though they job was challenging, they loved what they do and
enjoyed their work. The street sweepers always think they work for their families
furthermore, the motivation that came from their family gave them reasons to
continue their work. Keeping the Municipality of Marilao clean and safe was their
main goal. It is also the role of a street sweeper and a public servant who is
serving our community.
2. What is the biggest challenge that you face today as a street sweeper?
Based from the respondents’ answer, undisciplined people were one of
the biggest problems faced by street sweeper. Because most of them do not
obey the laws and thus street sweeper found it difficult to disciplined other
people. The respondents stated that those without self-discipline were difficult to
blame because they do not adhere to environmental laws such as improper
disposal of waste. Respondents also said that undisciplined people only add to
their problem which is why they find it difficult to reprove and criticize them and
even complainants because they are also being criticized and the way of
disciplining them did we find it difficult. Our cities and towns are dirty because our
government authorities lack the will to enforce the laws despite having many
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rules and regulations on waste management systems produced by our national
legislators.
3. How do you finish your work efficiently on managing solid waste?
Based on the gathered data from the participants who had given an in-
depth answer through experiences which provided a reliable answer, there were
many spawned by street sweeper about the techniques they apply in their job.
Strategies is an important factor that may affect their work. However, their
systematic way of cleaning was not always followed. Street sweepers were given
the tools and instruments they use to finish their work properly and on time.
Moreover, following the management and having techniques in sweeping are
their other ways to make their work as fastest as they can. Street Sweepers
perceived a plan on generating a good work and they explored all their working
fields to perform a broad cleanliness in the area.
4. How do you handle the undisciplined people regarding waste?
Based on the collected data from key informants who were street
sweepers in the Municipality of Marilao, they produced several strategies to
handle the undisciplined people regarding waste. Street sweepers shared their
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experience about handling and managing undisciplined people regarding waste
that includes some techniques to engage themselves through the violators.
However, some of street sweepers neglected the violators to avoid making a fight
and misunderstanding. Sometimes they capture the undisciplined people and
report them in their supervisor with an image. Moreover, when they capture an
image, the violators recognize the street sweeper job as a decent job that
everyone should acknowledge. The respondents showed that the strategy that
they will do are helpful to them also for their government as it gives them more
time to sweep and clean the street.
5. How do you balance work and time for family?
Based on the respondent's answers, they were able to balance work and
time for family by doing the most important thing to do before anything else. It
showed that time for family is essential to build a stronger bond specially on time
for that they work on the streets. The respondent stated that it is a responsibility
to have time for family because of the roles they need to accomplish. Time
management were seen as a solution in order to balance their time. As a result,
respondent do not have anything to worry because they do not have so much
problem regarding time. No matter what situation it is they always make time for
REGION III
family to bond after working days. Every Sunday are the special day to be with
each other and dinner is their way to be updated on what is going on them.
Participants set aside their work when they are at home with family.
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Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
This chapter presents the summary of the research work undertaken, the
conclusion drawn and the recommendation made as an outgrowth of the study.
This study is on the Lived Experiences of Street Sweepers towards Waste
Management.
Summary of Findings
The researchers used the Phenomenological Study as the research
design entitled "Eco Warriors: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Live Experiences
of Street Sweepers in Municipality Government of Marilao". This study aimed to
share the knowledge and experiences of the street sweepers who deals on
managing waste, during their work on their designation area. This study chose
seven (7) key informants specifically, street sweepers who have a child. The
study was conducted at the premises of Municipality Government of Marilao. The
researchers conducted a face to face interviews to gather data regarding the
experiences of street sweepers in their work and in family.

REGION III
The study talked about that the challenges encountered by the
streetsweepers. Their job was unusual work, compare them to other jobs thus
some of the problems of a streetsweeper are that they encounter self-discipline
and some of them are repeated again their violations. According to the
respondents they did not notice it because nothing would change if they were
meet other law abusers. In addition, another challenge that is encountered by the
streetsweeper are inadequate in the use of road cleaning materials and
according to some respondents they do not finish their area properly and quickly
because they lack the materials to be used in their cleaning area. Furthermore,
some people do not follow the proper garbage disposal and according to our
respondents there are some that they take and send to their visor where the
violator will be punished and the penalties are to be cleared of the road and
imprisoned for several months to be made aware and they will not repeat the
law's sin.
Moreover, the researchers found out that the street sweepers working in
Marilao encountered an undisciplined people in their working field. One of the
difficulties that Street Sweepers face are the proper waste disposal of all people
assign from the effluvium that caused by waste. Based on the data gathered from
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the respondents, they keep on ignoring the violators to control argument, but still
understand their side. This people affect their work and performance and keep
them down. Therefore, participants are aware that cleaning area of working fields
are better than undisciplined people.
The key informants had their prosaic way in executing things in their
everyday lives. Furthermore, there are some participants in which situation
happens in their lives was very confidential to share information in the crowd.
However, it called help the Street Sweepers who is having this kind of problem
and future researcher who concerned about this kind of phenomenon. And
wanted to get some information base from the experience. This study gives
information about how the participants equalize their time in their family and in
work. This study gives information from the key informants on how they measure
and balance their time and generating ways to bond on their family. Time in
working is replace by a close relationship in families but not carry out their work
in home. All the information that the study possess are come from the data
gathered in the Municipality Government of Marilao.

REGION III
Conclusions
The researchers’ findings aimed to share and assess the lived
experiences of streetsweepers dealing in waste management. It was important
for others to understand the situation of the streetsweepers. This study shown
that streetsweepers had conflict between having a good balance time in their
family and in work. Based on the data gathered in the key informants, the ways
and strategies that they did to collect and dispose the garbage had been develop
through the experiences in their working field. The researchers found out that the
streetsweepers are do shoveling the ground at the side of the roads and to be
generalized they do something that harmful in their lives.
Moreover, all the information gathered from the key informants had a big
impact in the study. Based on the streetsweepers, they consider their job as a
fashion because even though people think that their work was not a decent job
they keep on inspiring people by performing a good work. In addition, the
streetsweepers job are not only sweeping and cleaning the streets they also do
task that is not part of their job. The researchers also conclude that the
streetsweepers are facing different challenges in every designations they
assigned. According to the informants, they experienced difficulties in

REGION III
communicating on the undisciplined people who did improper waste disposal
although there is a law against the violators they don't mind it.
Recommendations
Based on the findings and conclusion presented, the following
recommendation are suggested:
1. The researchers recommend that the study must have additional
respondents to gain more insights considering the pre-set criteria of the
respondents and the availability of the key informants.
2. The Localized Interview Protocol must have at least more than 10
questions to cover up all the answers that the study needed and to get a reliable
information coming from the respondents. The researchers recommend that it
must have an additional question to get an accurate information.
3. It is good research if the study covered the entire Bulacan not only in
the Municipality of Marilao to know the different and unique experiences of other
streets sweepers. The researcher recommendation is to widen the cover area of
the study to get more respondents that possess the preset criteria. This will lead
to different information and experiences that every street sweeper has.

REGION III
4. The researchers found out that there is a background noise in
surroundings. Disturbance is the effect of it so it would be difficult for researchers
to understand what was on the record. The researchers recommend that there
must be a better place to conduct an interview.
5. The researchers found out that the Municipality of Marilao still lacks of
Street Sweepers in every barangay so the researchers recommend that it must
have additional Street Sweeper in the Municipality.
6. The researchers also recommend that the Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE) should add benefits and ensure the safety of the Street
Sweepers.
REGION III
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REGION III
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Republic of the Philippines

Problem and Its Background

significance of the problem and lastly the scope and delimitation.

Background of the Study

Discipline is a behavior of a person in obeying rules in every aspect like

improvement of society towards the issue of waste management. The improper

segregation and disorderliness has been the long-time unsolved problems of

every community. Having a reckless resident that throwing their garbage

environment is one of the misbehavior we are experiencing right now.

for a thousand of decade. According to a report from GMA Network, Meycauyan

Patubig in the Municipality of Marilao has contaminated on a dangerous

This research would take place among street sweepers living in

Municipality of Marilao, Bulacan. Having the total of 24 registered street

sweepers, participants is randomly selected and have a unique characteristic that

have more informative and saturated answer because of their experience.

society. According to Meaghan (2017), street sweeping offers a number of

benefits in whether environmental or social. This job improves the appearance of

sweeper makes sure the roads to look cleaner and attractive.

Solid Waste Management in the Municipality of Marilao has emerged as

oriented to concentrate on sustainability issues; mainly through the incorporation

facing right now.

Disposal of waste is a vigorous task that street sweepers need to do,

Manila Times (2017), it could be that the Philippines is an “underachiever” in Asia

in terms of access to quality of health care for the treatment of preventable

diseases of streetsweepers, landing 120th out of 195 countries reviewed. Some

The objective of this study is to determine the experiences of the street

sweepers on waste management on the Municipality of Marilao. How they able to

face a lot of struggles and difficulties in their chosen job.

The purpose of this study is to understand the different kinds of

experiences that the respondents possess as a part of a street sweepers journey

of solid waste management program at the Municipality of Marilao. So, at this

to know all about this two by knowing their experiences.

Statement of the Problem

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to determine the lived

experience of the streets sweeper in the Municipality of Marilao. At this stage

Waste Management will be generally define as a collection and disposal of waste

to keep the environment of Marilao safe and clean.

Specifically, the study will seek to answer the following questions:

1.What are the challenges encountered by the streetsweepers?

2.How do streetsweepers deal with undisciplined people?

3.How do streetsweepers balance their work and time for family?

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

of waste here in Municipality of Marilao. This only focuses on the experience of

This study is limited only in Municipality of Marilao with 7 total numbers of

part of government/scholarship. The researchers are not going to write any

conducting research that is not covered in this study.

Significance of the Study

This research is all about the Experience of Streetsweeper on solid waste

challenges in their work area.

Residents. Residents are one of the main beneficiaries of this research.

Local Government Unit. Though a street sweeper’s work is hard and

unenviable, job security continues to be an elusive dream. From the presented

reality, it is a call to the concerned government agencies and non-government

importance of streetsweeper in cities.

Future Researchers. This study can help future researchers in gathering

information and making conclusions about the experience of streetsweeper on

solid waste management. This can be a reference to them to make improvement

in their future study.