Investigative Skills 3
Investigative Skills 3
Investigative Skills 3
5 0 0 ---------- 0 1 1
15 0 0 0 1 5 9
25 0 2 8 13 17 19
(a) Complete the table to show how many seeds had germinated at 5°C by day 3.
1 mark
(b) The pupils were trying to find out something about seeds.
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1 mark
(c) The pupils discussed their results and made the conclusions listed below.
Look at their results in the table and decide whether each conclusion below is true,
false or you cannot tell.
Page 1 of 75
At 25°C all the seeds germinated by day 6.
Q2.
Plan an investigation you could carry out in the school laboratory to test the claim that
flowers from modified plants last for much longer than flowers from unmodified plants.
You will be provided with flowers from modified plants and from unmodified plants.
Page 2 of 75
• the one factor you will change as you carry out your investigation;
(This is the independent variable.)
• the factor you will measure;
(This is the dependent variable.)
• one of the factors you should control to ensure a fair test;
• the time scale for the investigation.
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maximum 4 marks
Q3.
A pupil used a sensor to record the change in pH of 10 cm3 of an acid solution when an
alkali solution was added a little at a time. The concentrations of the alkali and acid
solutions were fixed.
0.0 5.0
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2.0 5.0
4.0 5.0
6.0 5.5
8.0 6.0
10.0 7.0
12.0 8.0
14.0 8.5
16.0 9.0
18.0 9.0
20.0 9.0
4 marks
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...............
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q4.
Almost 200 years ago, an important investigation into plant growth was carried out.
George Sinclair, the Duke of Bedford’s head gardener, planted seeds in 242 plots of land,
each four feet square.
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1 mark
(b) Why did Sinclair use many plots rather than just two?
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1 mark
(c) What two factors are named in Darwin’s conclusion as the measurable outcomes in
the investigation?
(These are the dependent variables.)
1. .................................................................................................................
2. .................................................................................................................
1 mark
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1 mark
Suggest one reason why these soil tests were helpful to the interpretation of the
results of the investigation.
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1 mark
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(f) Give one reason why several different species of grass in a plot produced a greater
mass of plant material than a single species in a plot.
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1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q5.
The drawing below shows a solar panel fixed to the roof of a house in Britain.
(a) Daniel measured the energy output from this solar panel during one day in June.
The graph below shows his results.
(i) Why does the energy output from the solar panel vary during the day?
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1 mark
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(ii) Daniel used the solar panel to run a motor.
The motor needs 0.7 kJ/s to run at full speed.
Use the graph to find out how long Daniel’s motor would run at full speed.
............... hours
1 mark
(b) Daniel measured the energy output from a different solar panel.
This type of solar panel turns so that it always faces the Sun.
The graph below shows the energy output for this panel during one day in mid-
summer.
(i) On the graph above draw another curve to show how the energy output for
this solar panel might vary on a day in mid-winter.
2 marks
(ii) Between 7am and 7pm the solar panel turns through an angle of 180°.
Calculate the angle the solar panel turns through each hour.
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.................................................................................................degrees
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q6.
Page 7 of 75
Some pupils predicted that water will evaporate faster if the surrounding air temperature is
higher.
To investigate their prediction they placed some water in containers in two different
rooms.
(a) Give two factors they should keep the same to make their investigation fair.
1. ..................................................................................................................
1 mark
2. ..................................................................................................................
1 mark
(b) They recorded the mass of the water and the container in room 1 and room 2 every
day for 5 days.
0 100 100
1 92 85
2 80 72
3 72 54
4 60 45
5 46 30
The data shown in their table is not sufficient to test their prediction.
Explain why.
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1 mark
They plotted their data for room 2 and attempted to draw a line of best fit.
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(c) Describe the mistake they made in drawing the line of best fit.
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1 mark
(d) Using the data in the table plot the points for room 1.
1 mark
(e) Draw a line of best fit of the points you have drawn.
1 mark
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1 mark
maximum 7 marks
Q7.
(a) Jenny put a bottle of fizzy drink on a balance.
She removed the bottle-top, and the drink began to fizz.
She left the open bottle of drink and the bottle-top on the balance for five days in a
warm room.
Page 9 of 75
Five days later the drink was no longer fizzy. It’s mass had decreased and the level
of the liquid had gone down.
............... g
1 mark
(ii) The fizzy drink contained sugar, colouring, a gas and water. The mass
decreased because two of these substances were lost into the air.
1. ..................................................................
1 mark
2. ..................................................................
1 mark
(b) The sugar, colouring and the gas were all dissolved in the water.
Which word describes the water?
Tick the correct box.
alkali indicator
solute solvent
1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Page 10 of 75
Q8.
In January 2002, thousands of pupils recorded the numbers of different birds seen in their
gardens in one hour. They sent their results to the Royal Society for the Protection of
Birds who have kept data for many years.
(a) Why are the results from this survey more reliable than one person’s observation?
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1 mark
(b) Pupils observed birds in their gardens for one hour during the last week in January.
1. .................................................................................................................
1 mark
2. .................................................................................................................
1 mark
Jack thinks that the results collected in 2002 cannot test his grandad’s idea that
sparrows are less common than they used to be.
(i) What additional survey data would Jack need to test his grandad’s idea?
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1 mark
(ii) What pattern in the survey results would give Jack the evidence that his
grandad was correct?
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1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q9.
(a) Debbie put a paper cup into a glass beaker.
She glued a magnet in the bottom of the paper cup.
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She glued another magnet in the bottom of the beaker.
The magnets repelled.
diagram A
not to scale
What two forces act on the paper cup and its contents to keep it in this position?
1. ...........................................................
1 mark
2. ...........................................................
1 mark
diagram B
not to scale
Debbie plotted a graph to show how the mass of aluminium rivets affected the
distance the cup moved down.
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(i) Use the graph to find the mass that made the cup move down 4 mm.
............... g
1 mark
(ii) Why did the graph stay flat with masses greater than 40 g?
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1 mark
(c) Debbie removed the 5 g of aluminium rivets and put 5 g of iron nails into the cup.
diagram C
not to scale
The paper cup moved down more with 5 g of iron nails than with 5 g of aluminium
rivets as shown in diagram C.
Give the reason for this.
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1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Page 13 of 75
Q10.
Some pupils carried out an investigation to find out whether more sugar or more salt
dissolved in water at 60°C.
(a) Put the letters A, B, C, D and E in the boxes below to show the correct order of the
steps in their investigation.
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1 mark
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Page 14 of 75
1 mark
(d) They counted the number of spatulas of sugar or salt added to the water until no
more would dissolve.
(i) Why was this not an accurate method of measuring how much sugar or salt
they added?
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1 mark
(ii) Suggest a more accurate method of measuring how much sugar or salt they
added.
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1 mark
(e) Jane predicted that more sugar than salt would dissolve.
Complete the table to show a result which would support Jane’s prediction.
sugar salt
number of spatulas 32
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q11.
On 7th September 2001, at 11.00 am, over a million pupils took part in a national
investigation.
They all jumped up and down at exactly the same time.
Sensors were used to measure the vibrations caused by the jump.
Before they jumped, four pupils described some effects they might notice.
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Why was it important that all the pupils jumped together?
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1 mark
(c) The sensor recordings below show the amount of vibration of the ground at three
different places during the jump.
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Carol said, ‘When pupils jump, only the ground nearby will vibrate’.
(i) Describe how the evidence in the recordings supports Carol’s idea.
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1 mark
(ii) Suggest one reason for the difference between the readings of sensor A and
sensor B.
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1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Q12.
A scientist compared the acidity of four gases to see which gas might cause acid rain.
She used four balloons to collect the gases.
She then bubbled the gases, in turn, through a fresh sample of green, neutral,
universal indicator solution.
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Use information in the table to answer part (i) and part (ii) below.
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1 mark
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1 mark
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(iii) What effect does an alkali have on an acid?
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1 mark
Q13.
Harry investigated the effects of fizzy cola drink on his heart rate.
First he measured his heart rate every minute for 5 minutes when sitting down.
Then he drank some cola.
(a) Why did Harry measure his heart rate every minute for 5 minutes before drinking his
cola?
Page 19 of 75
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1 mark
What evidence is there in the graph to support his idea that cola affects his heart
rate?
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1 mark
Harry Yasmin
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1 mark
(d) Yasmin said, “We should also measure Harry’s heart rate after he drinks fizzy
water”.
How would measuring Harry’s heart rate after he drinks fizzy water improve the
investigation?
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1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Q14.
Tea bags are made in different shapes.
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Some pupils want to find out which shape of tea bag lets tea dissolve most quickly.
They make two plans for their investigation as shown below.
FIRST PLAN
(a) How is the second plan better than the first plan?
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1 mark
(b) Why should they take care when they add hot water at 65°C to the tea bags?
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1 mark
(c) Ben and Vicky drew a cross on some paper. They put each beaker, in turn, over the
cross. They poured hot water into the beaker, dropped in the tea bag and watched
the water change colour.
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To see which shape of tea bag let the tea dissolve the quickest, they measured the
time until the liquid was too dark for them to see the cross.
How did the cross help to make their test more accurate?
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1 mark
triangle 8
square 15
circle 10
(ii) Give the three shapes of tea bags in the order in which the tea dissolved.
Use the table above to help you.
Q15.
(a) The graph below shows how the concentration of alcohol in a person’s blood
changed after drinking alcoholic drinks.
Page 22 of 75
It is illegal to drive if the concentration of alcohol in the blood is higher than
80 mg/100 cm3.
Use the graph to find out how long the concentration of alcohol in this person’s
blood was higher than 80 mg/100 cm3.
.................... hours
1 mark
(b) Why does alcohol in the blood increase the chance of having an accident?
Tick the correct box.
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1 mark
(d) Give the name of one organ that is damaged by drinking a lot of alcohol over a long
period of time.
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1 mark
Page 23 of 75
If a pregnant woman drinks large quantities of alcohol, the blood vessels in the
umbilical cord may get very narrow for a while.
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1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q16.
John and Sarah investigated how pupils in their class were the same and different.
First they measured the length of each pupil’s little finger.
(a) Why should each pupil keep their little finger straight while it was being measured?
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1 mark
Page 24 of 75
(i) On the dotted line under the bar chart, give the units of measurement they
used.
1 mark
(ii) Give one mistake they made in the way they grouped the finger lengths in
their bar chart.
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1 mark
(c) John and Sarah then counted the number of pupils who can and
cannot roll their tongues.
What method did they use to collect their data?
Tick the correct box.
Observe pupil’s
Look at books.
tongues.
10 4
Draw a bar on the chart below to show how many pupils can roll their tongues.
Page 25 of 75
1 mark
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1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q17.
The diagram below shows part of the human ear.
Page 26 of 75
We can hear somebody speaking because sound waves enter our ears.
(a) (i) What do our eardrums do when sound waves reach them?
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1 mark
Give one reason why we cannot hear very well when our ears
contain a lot of wax.
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1 mark
(b) The table below shows the lowest and highest frequencies that five living things can
hear.
human 20 20 000
dog 20 45 000
cat 20 64 000
(i) Which three living things from the table cannot hear a frequency of
43 000 Hz?
(ii) From the table, choose the living thing that can hear the biggest range of
frequencies.
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1 mark
maximum 4 marks
Q18.
Two groups of pupils investigated the factors affecting the time taken for an indigestion
tablet to dissolve in 100 cm3 of water.
Page 27 of 75
whole tablet 34
broken tablet 28
(a) What factor did group 1 change as they carried out their investigation?
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1 mark
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1 mark
(c) Group 2 investigated how the temperature of the water affects the time taken for
a whole tablet to dissolve.
65 24
Page 28 of 75
40 35
15 90
5 100
What factor did group 2 change as they carried out their investigation?
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1 mark
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1 mark
............°C
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q19.
Read the magazine cutting about research into heart disease.
More heart
disease in
older women.
Heart disease amongst
British women in the 60-79
age group is more common
than previous research
suggested. A recent study of
4,286 British women in that age
group indicated that one in five
showed signs of heart disease.
(a) Why can the results of this research not be used to draw any conclusions about
heart disease amongst women across the world?
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1 mark
Page 29 of 75
(b) Give one reason why the data collected in this study is likely to be reliable.
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1 mark
(c) After reading the magazine cutting, pupils wrote the ideas below.
Use the information in the cutting as evidence to justify your decision in the third
column.
Yes No
One in five of all British
females show signs of
heart disease.
Yes No
Earlier treatment for
heart disease must have
been more effective than
modern medicines.
Yes No
Four out of five British
women in the 60-79 age
group showed no signs
of heart disease.
3 marks
maximum 5 marks
Q20.
John used an electrical heater to heat a cup of water. He kept stirring the water. When
the temperature reached 20°C, he started his stopwatch and measured the
temperature of the water every half minute.
Page 30 of 75
He switched off the heater after 4 minutes, but continued to record the temperature.
His results are shown in the table.
0.0 20
0.5 26
1.0 31
1.5 36
2.0 41
2.5 46
3.0
3.5 57
4.0 56
4.5 58
5.0 59
5.5 59
(a) Use the results in the table to draw a graph on the grid.
Label the axes.
Plot the points and draw a smooth curve of best fit.
Page 31 of 75
4 marks
(b) From your curve, estimate the temperature of the water after three minutes.
............°C
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q21.
In the eighteenth century, scientists had different ideas about what happens when
metals burn in air.
(a) Imagine you want to investigate the ideas of Priestley and Lavoisier.
Assume you have been given three pieces of different metals.
In a laboratory, metals are heated to high temperatures in crucibles.
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You would also have access to all the usual laboratory equipment.
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4 marks
(b) In the box below, draw and label a table you could use to record your results.
Page 33 of 75
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q22.
Andy investigated the digestion of a protein called gelatin.
He used an enzyme called pepsin from the human stomach, and three cubes of gelatin
each 1 cm3.
He set up the experiment shown below and put the test-tubes in a water-bath at 37°C.
He measured the time for the digestion of the gelatin.
(a) Why did Andy choose a temperature of 37°C for the water-bath?
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Page 34 of 75
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1 mark
(b) In test-tube C, the cube of gelatin that had been cut into pieces was digested
more quickly than the whole cube in test-tube A.
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1 mark
(c) The boiled pepsin in test-tube B did not digest the gelatin.
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1 mark
(ii) Why is it necessary to digest protein before it can be used for growth and
repair?
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1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q23.
Table 1 below shows the colour of universal indicator in acidic, neutral and alkaline
solutions.
acidic neutral alkaline
colour of dark
red orange yellow green blue purple
indicator blue
Page 35 of 75
table 1
Milk green
lemonade orange
water green
table 2
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1 mark
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1 mark
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1 mark
Page 36 of 75
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1 mark
(c) Ramy mixed an acid with an alkali and tested the mixture with the indicator
solution.
The indicator solution turned green.
What is the name of the reaction between an acid and an alkali?
Tick the correct box.
condensation
crystallisation
evaporation
neutralisation
1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q24.
Molly used a pH sensor to test different liquids. She dipped the probe of the sensor
into each liquid and recorded the pH value in a table.
Page 37 of 75
(a) In the table below, tick one box for each liquid to show whether it is acidic,
neutral or alkaline. One has been done for you.
liquid pH value acidic neutral alkaline
alcohol 7
distilled water 7
vinegar 3
(b) Between each test Molly dipped the probe into distilled water.
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1 mark
(ii) Which other liquid in the table could Molly use between tests to have the
same effect as distilled water?
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1 mark
(c) Molly put a piece of magnesium into a test-tube containing 20 cm3 of vinegar.
She put another piece of magnesium into a test-tube containing 20 cm3 of dilute
hydrochloric acid.
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(i) Molly thought that magnesium would react more vigorously with
hydrochloric acid than with vinegar.
What information in the table made Molly think this?
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1 mark
(ii) How would Molly be able to tell if a more vigorous reaction took place with
hydrochloric acid than with vinegar?
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1 mark
(d) (i) Complete the word equation for the reaction between magnesium and
hydrochloric acid.
(ii) After some time this reaction stopped. Why did the reaction stop?
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1 mark
maximum 9 marks
Q25.
(a) Ruth added some blue copper sulphate crystals to a beaker of water.
Page 39 of 75
(i) How could Ruth see that some of the copper sulphate crystals had
dissolved in the water?
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1 mark
(ii) How could Ruth make the copper sulphate crystals dissolve more quickly?
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1 mark
(b) Ruth poured some of the copper sulphate solution into a dish.
She left it in a warm room for five days.
All the water evaporated from the solution in the dish.
What was left in the dish?
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1 mark
(c) Ruth did an experiment to see how much of three solids, P, Q and R, will
dissolve in water at different temperatures.
She plotted her results on graph paper as shown below.
Page 40 of 75
............ g
1 mark
(ii) At 60°C which solid dissolved the most in water? Give the letter.
............
1 mark
(iii) Which two solids were equally soluble at 25°C? Give the letters.
Q26.
The thermometer drawn below can be used to measure the temperature of the human
body.
Page 41 of 75
(a) (i) What is the lowest temperature this thermometer can measure?
..............°C
1 mark
A nurse can measure a child’s temperature with two different thermometers
as shown below.
Give one reason why it is safer to use a plastic strip thermometer than a
glass thermometer.
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1 mark
Give the name of one other type of micro-organism that can make us ill.
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1 mark
(c) Alcohol and mercury are two liquids that can be used in glass thermometers.
The table gives information about these liquids.
liquid boiling point (ºC) colour
Page 42 of 75
alcohol 78 colourless
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1 mark
(ii) Choose words from the list below to fill the gaps in the sentences.
When alcohol and mercury boil they both change from a liquid to
a ......................................
1 mark
Q27.
Some pupils visited a deer park.
A poster showed different types of deer.
adult male adult female young
Red
deer
Page 43 of 75
Fallow
deer
Roe
deer
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1 mark
Give one reason why he cannot identify the type of young deer from his notes.
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1 mark
Page 44 of 75
Give two pieces of evidence from his drawing which suggest that he got the
name wrong.
1. .................................................................................................................
1 mark
2. .................................................................................................................
1 mark
What two pieces of evidence show it was not one of the deer on the poster?
1. ..................................................................................................................
1 mark
2. ..................................................................................................................
1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Q28.
Suzi investigated how temperature affects the number of bubbles produced by
waterweed in one minute.
Page 45 of 75
When the temperature of the water was 10°C the waterweed did not produce bubbles.
(a) Suzi increased the temperature of the water in the water-bath to 20°C.
The waterweed started to produce bubbles.
She waited two minutes before starting to count the bubbles.
Explain why she waited for two minutes before she started to count the bubbles.
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1 mark
(b) Suzi counted the number of bubbles produced at six different temperatures.
Page 46 of 75
(ii) Use your curve to find the temperature of water which produced the most
bubbles per minute.
..............°C
1 mark
(c) Suzi predicted that the higher the temperature the more bubbles would be
produced.
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1 mark
(d) Suzi’s data does not show clearly the exact temperature at which most bubbles
were produced.
How could she improve the data she collects to find this temperature?
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1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q29.
The graph below shows how a population of fish in a lake changed over a period of
time.
(a) In which time interval, A, B, C, D or E, did the population of fish increase most
quickly?
..............
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1 mark
(b) Which part of the graph shows when the fish began to compete with each other
for food?
Give the letter.
Page 47 of 75
..............
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1 mark
(c) What does part D of the graph show about the birth rate and the death rate of
the fish?
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1 mark
(d) Part E of the graph shows a population crash when all the fish died.
Suggest two reasons why a population might crash in this way.
1. ..................................................................................................................
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1 mark
2. ..................................................................................................................
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1 mark
maximum 5 marks
Q30.
Joanne measured the volume of air she breathed in and out of her lungs. She used the
machine shown in the photograph below.
Page 48 of 75
The graphs represent the volume of air Joanne breathed in and out with each breath
before and during exercise.
(a) During exercise Joanne breathed more air in and out of her lungs than before
exercising.
(i) How much more air did Joanne breathe in with each breath during exercise?
.................... cm3
1 mark
(ii) Explain fully why Joanne needed to breathe in more air during exercise.
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3 marks
(b) (i) As Joanne exercised, the volume of air she breathed in and out increased.
Give one other way Joanne’s breathing changed during exercise.
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1 mark
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1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Page 49 of 75
Mark schemes
Q1.
(a) 0
accept the correct answer written outside the table
1 (L3)
• how long does it take seeds to grow or germinate at different temperatures?
accept ‘how does temperature affect germination? ‘
accept ‘which is the best temperature for seeds to grow?’
accept statements which are not framed as questions such
as ‘the number of seeds germinating at different
temperatures’.
the answer must include both a dependent and an
independent variable
award one mark for identifying temperature as the
independent variable and either the number of seeds
germinating or the time taken to germinate as the dependent
variable
do not accept a conclusion such as ‘more seeds grew at
higher temperatures’
do not accept ‘how long does it take for lettuce seeds to
germinate? ‘as there is no reference to temperature
1 (L4)
(c) true
cannot tell
false
false
if all four answers are correct, award two marks
if three or two answers are correct, award one mark
if more than one box is ticked in any row,
award no mark for that row
2 (L4)
[4]
Q2.
Markers should read through the whole answer before marking this question.
Page 50 of 75
the number of days or weeks or months the flowers stayed fresh
accept ‘how long they stayed fresh’
1 (L7)
• conditions under which flowers are kept should be the same
• modified and unmodified plants should be the same starting age
accept ‘amount of sunlight should be the same’
accept ‘amount of water should be the same’
accept ‘nutrients added should be the same’
1 (L7)
Q3.
(a) • volume or alkali in cm3 on the x axis and pH of mixture on the y axis
pupils can gain credit for correct responses to other
parts if the axes are wrongly labelled
1 (L7)
(b) 9.0
accept ‘9’
1 (L6)
[5]
Q4.
(a) the size or area or dimensions of the plots
accept ‘the amount of land’
1 (L6)
Page 51 of 75
accept ‘to make the results more accurate’
(c) the number of plants or grasses and the mass of plants or grass
both answers are required for the mark
‘amount of plants’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
Q5.
(a) (i) any one from
Page 52 of 75
accept ‘different cloud cover’
(ii) 6.0
accept any number from 5.8 to 6.2
1 (L6)
(ii) 15
accept ‘ ’
1 (L7)
[5]
Q6.
(a) any two from
• humidity
accept ‘the time it is left for’
‘temperature’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘size of room’
2 (L5)
Page 53 of 75
(c) the line is not straight (converse)
the line should be straight
accept ‘the line is zig-zag’
accept ‘they joined up all the points’
accept ‘they didn’t go between the points’
accept ‘the line does not need to go through all the points’
1 (L6)
(f)
and
• the container in room 2 reaches 30g in 5 days, room 1 reaches 45g
accept ‘there is less water in the container in room 2 than in
room 1’
Q7.
(a) (i) 4
1 (L4)
(ii) water
accept H2O
1 (L3)
gas
accept ‘carbon dioxide’ or ‘CO2’
answers may be in either order
1 (L3)
(b) solvent
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
[4]
Page 54 of 75
Q8.
(a) any one from
• they would need to look at the pattern in the data for
more than a year
accept ‘data from another year or last year’
Q9.
(a) gravity
accept ‘weight’
1 (L5)
(b) (i) 12
1 (L5)
Page 55 of 75
(ii) any one from
Q10.
(a) E D A B C
all five letters must be in the correct order
1 (L3)
• you might not get the same mass each time
accept ‘you might not get the same amount of salt or sugar’
Page 56 of 75
accept ‘it is not precise or a measurement’
accept answers which suggest that using a spatula is
not a precise measurement
1 (L4)
Q11.
(a) predictions
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
• no vibrations at C
accept ‘no vibrations far away’
1 (L4)
Page 57 of 75
• sensor A is nearer the site than sensor B
accept the converse
accept ‘the sensor is nearer site A than B’
accept ‘sensor A is closer to the pupils’
Q12.
(a) (i) carbon dioxide
accept ‘CO2’
(ii) air
it did not change the colour of the indicator or the pH of the solution
accept ‘no drops or alkali were needed’
accept ‘there was no change’
both the answer and the reason are required for the mark
1 (L5)
• neutralises it
Q13.
(a) any one from
Page 58 of 75
• to allow his resting pulse rate to be determined
accept ‘to get a reading of heart rate when relaxed’
• to compare his pulse before and after drinking the cola
accept ‘to make sure his heart rate was steady’
• Yasmin’s conclusion describes how it affected his heart rate whil
Harry’s just says it affected his heart rate
accept ‘Yasmin is more specific or more detailed’
Page 59 of 75
[4]
Q14.
(a) any one from
• it allowed them to compare the times for different tea bags
Page 60 of 75
(ii) triangle circle square
accept a drawing of a triangle, a circle and a square
all three answers are required in the correct order
1 (L3)
[5]
Q15.
(a) 3.5
accept answers from 3.4 to 3.6
1 (L5)
• liver
• kidney
• brain
• heart
1 (L5)
Q16.
Page 61 of 75
(a) any one from
(b) (i) mm
accept ‘millimetres’
1 (L4)
Page 62 of 75
Q17.
(a) (i) vibrate
accept ‘move in and out’
‘move’ is insufficient
1 (L4)
(ii) cat
1 (L4)
[4]
Q18.
(a) any one from
• crushed tablets will dissolve more quickly than whole tablets
Page 63 of 75
• the bigger the surface or area the faster it dissolves
answers must include a comparison
award a mark for an answer in the past tense
if a comparison is included
1 (L5)
• the higher the temperature the quicker the tablet dissolves
(e) 40
accept a temperature from 38 to 44
1 (L6)
[5]
Q19.
(a) they have only investigated British women
accept ‘it is only one country’
accept ‘diet differences elsewhere’
accept ‘stress may be different elsewhere’
accept ‘different lifestyles elsewhere’
accept ‘they have only investigated
women in the 60 to 79 age group’
1 (L6)
• no
data refers only to older women
• no
if you include all women the rate could be up or down
1 (L7)
• no
no evidence of the impact of treatment
accept ‘no mention of treatment’
Page 64 of 75
• no
previous research could have underestimated the proportion
accept ‘it does not tell you’
1 (L7)
• yes
data suggests only 1 in 5 showed signs of heart disease so
4 out of 5 are unlikely to suffer
accept ‘data shows 1 in 5 had signs of heart disease’
1 (L7)
[5]
Q20.
(a) • X-axis: time (minutes)
Q21.
(a) the metal
1 (L7)
• the change in the mass of the contents of the crucible after burning
accept ‘whether the mass of metal increases or decreases
or stays the same’
• the change in the mass of the crucible and its contents after burning
accept ‘weight before and after burning’
1 (L7)
Page 65 of 75
accept ‘starting mass of metal’
accept ‘mass of the metal’
accept ‘the same crucible’
accept ‘enough time for the reaction to occur’
accept ‘sufficient heat for burning to occur’
accept ‘burn the metals for the same length of time’
award a mark for any suitable rigour in the procedure
or identification of any control variable ‘the atmosphere it
is heated in’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
• an increase in the mass following burning for all three metals
accept ‘mass will increase’
accept ‘weight increase’
1 (L7)
(b) any appropriate table in which the results can be recorded such as
metal gain or loss or
change in mass
or
metal mass at mass after
the start burning
accept a table in which the rows rather
than the columns are labelled
accept ‘weight’ for mass
accept
change in mass
metal 1
metal 2
metal 3
Q22.
(a) any one from
Page 66 of 75
accept ‘the enzyme came into contact with more of the
gelatin’
accept ‘the surface or area was bigger’
‘because the gelatin had been chopped up’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
• proteins are too big to pass through the lining of the intestine
or blood vessels
accept ‘so proteins or they can be absorbed’
• amino acids can pass through the wall of the intestine
or blood vessels
Q23.
(a) (i) any one from
• lemonade
• milk
• water
1 (L3)
• blue
Page 67 of 75
• purple
1 (L3)
• it bubbled
accept ‘it fizzed’
(c) neutralisation
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
1 (L4)
[5]
Q24.
(a)
liquid acidic neutral alkaline
alcohol
dilute hydrochloric
acid
distilled water
vinegar
sodium hydroxide
solution
• it is neutral
accept ‘to neutralise the probe’ or ‘so that it does not
affect the other liquids’ or ’to make it pH 7’
Page 68 of 75
‘to make it a fair test’ is insufficient
1 (L5)
(ii) alcohol
accept ‘the first or top one’
1 (L5)
• hydrogen
answers may be in either order
1 (L6)
Q25.
(a) (i) the water or it went blue
accept ‘it got darker’; ‘it changed colour’;
‘there were fewer crystals’; ‘some of the crystals
or copper sulphate disappeared’
1 (L3)
Page 69 of 75
• stir it
• heat it
• crystals
(c) (i) 10
1 (L4)
(ii) Q
1 (L4)
(iii) P and Q
answers may be in either order
both answers are required for the mark
1 (L4)
[6]
Q26.
(a) (i) 35
1 (L3)
(ii) 37°C
1 (L4)
Page 70 of 75
• bacteria
• fungi
• protozoa
accept a named non-viral pathogenic
micro-organism such as ‘salmonella’
do not accept names of diseases
do not accept ‘germs’
1 (L4)
• liquid
1 (L4)
answers must be in the correct order
[7]
Q27.
(a) a male has antlers
accept ‘the males have horns’; ‘it was bigger than others’
accept ‘it has a beard or hair around the neck’
1 (L3)
Page 71 of 75
accept ‘the things on its head are too wide’
Q28.
(a) any one from
• to make sure the water in the boiling tube had reached the
required temperature
accept ‘time for the water in the test-tube to heat up’
• to make sure the rate stabilised or adjusted to the new temperature
accept ‘let it settle first’; ‘the bubbles reach a steady pace’;
‘to get rid of bubbles from the liquid’;
‘to get rid of trapped bubbles’
1 (L5)
• A, B, C
accept ‘A, B, C and D’
Page 72 of 75
accept ‘10°C, 20°C and 30°C’ or ‘10, 20, 30’
Q29.
(a) B - the graph increases most steeply
accept ‘the graph is steepest’; ‘the line is steeper’;
‘it is very steep’
both the answer and the correct explanation are
required for the mark
1 (L6)
(b) C
Page 73 of 75
both the answer and the correct explanation
are required for the mark
‘they are steady’ is insufficient
‘the line is straight’ is insufficient
1 (L7)
• no food
accept ‘not enough food’
• disease
Q30.
(a) (i) 1000
1 (L6)
Page 74 of 75
accept ‘the waves are closer together’
Page 75 of 75