Film Theories

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Realist, Auteurists, Feminist, Psychonalyic, Idealogical Theories.

Realist Theory:
Origin: The Realist Theory emerged during the early 20th century as a reaction to the
unrealistic and romantic portrayals of life in films. This theory advocates for a depiction of
life and society as they are, without any embellishments or exaggerations.
Proponent: Andre Bazin is considered to be the father of the Realist Theory.
Impact: The Realist Theory has had a significant impact on the development of cinema. It has
led to a greater emphasis on realism in film, with directors striving to capture the essence of
real life in their works.
Examples: Tamil film Kaala and English film Moonlight are examples of films that adhere to
the Realist Theory.
Auteurist Theory:
Origin: The Auteurist Theory originated in France during the 1950s and 1960s. This theory
posits that the director is the primary creative force behind a film, and that a director's style
and vision can be discerned across their entire body of work.
Proponent: Francois Truffaut, Jean-Luc Godard, and other French New Wave filmmakers
were the primary proponents of the Auteurist Theory.
Impact: The Auteurist Theory has had a profound impact on cinema. It has elevated the role
of the director to a position of great importance, and has led to a greater appreciation of
directors as artists with their own unique vision.
Examples: Tamil film Kabali and English film The Dark Knight are examples of films that
reflect the Auteurist Theory.

Feminist Theory:
Origin: The Feminist Theory emerged during the 1960s and 1970s, as a reaction to the male-
dominated film industry and the portrayal of women in films as objects of male desire. This
theory advocates for a more nuanced and complex portrayal of women in film, and seeks to
challenge traditional gender roles.
Proponent: Laura Mulvey is considered to be one of the leading proponents of Feminist Film
Theory.
Impact: The Feminist Theory has had a significant impact on cinema. It has led to a greater
representation of women in film, both in terms of the number of female filmmakers and the
portrayal of women onscreen.
Examples: Tamil film Aruvi and English film Little Women are examples of films that reflect
the Feminist Theory.
Psychoanalytic Theory:
Origin: The Psychoanalytic Theory emerged in the early 20th century as a branch of
psychology developed by Sigmund Freud. This theory posits that human behavior is driven
by unconscious desires and conflicts, and that these can be explored through art and
literature.
Proponent: The primary proponent of the Psychoanalytic Theory in film was the Austrian-
born filmmaker, Otto Rank.
Impact: The Psychoanalytic Theory has had a profound impact on cinema. It has led to a
greater exploration of the human psyche in film, and has provided a framework for
understanding the psychological motivations of characters.
Examples: Tamil film Pariyerum Perumal and English film Black Swan are examples of
films that explore the human psyche using Psychoanalytic Theory.

Ideological Theory:
Origin: The Ideological Theory emerged during the 1970s as a reaction to the dominant
capitalist ideology in Western societies. This theory posits that films are not neutral or
objective, but are instead shaped by the dominant ideology of the society in which they are
produced.
Proponent: Marxist film critics such as Jean-Louis Comolli and Jean Narboni were the
primary proponents of the Ideological Theory.
Impact: The Ideological Theory has had a significant impact on cinema. It has led to a greater
awareness of the political and ideological implications of films, and has provided a
framework for understanding how films can both reflect and challenge dominant social
norms.
Examples: Tamil film Asuran

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