Design Project 1 Group 2
Design Project 1 Group 2
Design Project 1 Group 2
By:
Heba muftah
Khwlah qassem
Asmaa Ramadan
Aya zakaria
Fatimah abdulsalam
SV:
2023
Definition:
Causes pneumonia:
Bacterial pneumonia. This type is caused by various bacteria. the most common is
streptococcus pneumonia . It usually occurs when the body is weakened in some way,
such as by illness, poor nutrition, old age, or impaired immunity, and the bacteria are
able work their way into the lungs.
Mycoplasma pneumonia. This type has somewhat different symptoms and physical
signs and is referred to as atypical pneumonia. It is caused by the bacterium
Mycoplasma pneumonia. It generally causes a mild, widespread pneumonia that
affects all age groups.
Viral pneumonia. This type is caused by viruses, including the flu (influenza), and is
responsible for about one-third of all pneumonia.
Other pneumonia.
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Symptoms of pneumonia:
bluish colour to lips and fingernails.
Confused metal state or delirium, especially I older people.
Cough that produce green, yellow, or bloody mucus.
Fever.
Heavy sweating.
Loss of appetite.
Low energy ad extreme tiredness.
Rapid breathing.
Rapid pulse.
Shaking chills.
Sharp or stabbing chest pain that worse with deep breathing or coughing.
Shortness of breath that gets worse with activity.
Early symptoms of viral pneumonia are the same as those of bacterial pneumonia, which
may e followed by:
Headache.
Increasing shortness of breath.
Muscle pain.
Weakness.
Worsening of the cough.
Mycoplasma pneumonia has somewhat different symptoms, which include a severe cough that
may produce mucus.
Pneumonia diagnosed:
Diagnosed is usually made based on your recent health history (such as surgery, a cold, or
travel exposures) and the extent of the illness. Based on these factors, your healthcare
provider may diagnose pneumonia simply on a thorough history and physical exam. The
following tests may be used to confirm the diagnosis:
Chest X-ray. This test takes picture of internal tissues, bones, and organs, including the
lungs.
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Chest X-ray
Blood tests. This test may be used to see whether infection is present and if infection
has spread to the bloodstream (blood cultures).
Blood tests
Arterial blood gas (ABG). Testing checks the amount of oxygen in your bloodstream.
Sputum culture. This test is done on the material that is coughed up from the lungs and
into the mouth. It is often used to see if there’s an infection in the lungs.
(ABG)
Pulse oximetry. An oximeter is a small machine that measures the amount of oxygen in
the blood. A small sensor is taped or clipped onto a finger. When the machine is on, a
small red light can be seen in the sensor. The test is painless and the red light does not
get hot.
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(PO)
Bronchoscopy. This is direct exam of the bronchi (the main airways of the lungs) using
a flexible tube (called a bronchoscope). It helps to evaluate and diagnose lung
problems, assess blockages, and take out sample of tissue and/or fluid for testing.
Bronchoscopy
Pleural fluid culture. In this test, a sample of a fluid sample is taken from the pleural
space. This is the space between the lungs and chest wall. A long, thin needle is put
through the skin between the ribs and into the pleural space. Fluid is pulled into a
syringe attached to the needle. It is out which bacteria is causing the pneumonia.
(PFC)
Treatment of pneumonia:
Treatment depend on the type of pneumonia you have. Most of the time, pneumonia is treated
at home, but severe cases may be treated in the hospital. Antibiotics are used for bacterial
pneumonia. Antibiotics may also speed recovery from mycoplasma pneumonia and some
special cases. Most viral pneumonias don’t have specific treatment. They usually get better on
their own.
Other treatment may include eating well, increasing fluid intake, getting rest, oxygen therapy,
pain medicine, fever control, and maybe cough-relief medicine if cough is severe.
Prevention of pneumonia:
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Check with your healthcare provider about getting immunizations. The flu is a common cause of
pneumonia. Because of that, getting a flu shot every year can help prevent both the flu and
pneumonia.
There is also a pneumococcal vaccine. It will protect you from a common form of bacterial
pneumonia. Children younger than age 5 and adults ages 65 and older should get this shot.
The pneumococcal shot is also recommended for all children and adults who are at increased
risk of pneumococcal disease due to other health condition.
Complication of pneumonia:
Most people with pneumonia respond well to treatment, but pneumonia can be very serious
and even deadly.
You are more likely to have complication if you are an older adult, a very young child, have a
weakened immune system, or have a serious medical problem like diabetes or cirrhosis.