Practical Research 1 Module 4 - REVISED
Practical Research 1 Module 4 - REVISED
Practical Research 1 Module 4 - REVISED
Practical Research 1
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Differences Between Quantitative and
Qualitative Research and Kinds of
Research Across Fields
Practical Research 1- Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode
First Quarter- Module 4: Differences Between Quantitative and Qualitative Research
and Kinds of Research Across Fields
First Edition, 2020
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Senior High School
Practical Research 1
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Differences Between Quantitative and
Qualitative Research and Kinds of
Research Across Fields
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Key Message
For Educators:
You are reading the Practical Research 1 – Senior High School: First
Quarter Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “Differentiates quantitative
from qualitative research (CS_RS11-IIIa-4)” and “Provide examples of research
in areas of interest (CS_RS11-IIIa-5)” as written and found in the K-12 Most
Essential Learning Competencies.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body
of the module:
As the main source of learning, it is your top priority to explain clearly on how
to use this module to the learners. While using this module, learner’s progress and
development should be recorded verbatim to assess their strengths and weaknesses
while doing the activities presented independently in safety of their homes. Moreover,
you are anticipated to persuade learners to comply and to finish the modules on or
before the scheduled time.
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For the Learners:
You are reading the Practical Research 1 – Senior High School: First
Quarter Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “Differentiates quantitative
from qualitative research (CS_RS11-IIIa-4)” and “Provide examples of research
in areas of interest (CS_RS11-IIIa-5)” as written and found in the K-12 Most
Essential Learning Competencies.
This module is especially crafted for you to grasp the opportunity to continue
learning even at home. Using guided and independent learning activities, rest assured
that you will be able to take pleasure as well as to deeply understand the contents of
the lesson presented; recognizing your own capacity and capability in acquiring
knowledge.
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A brief discussion of the lesson can be read in
WHAT IS IT this part. It guides and helps you unlock the
lesson presented.
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2. This module is organized according to the level of understanding.
Skipping one part of this module may lead you to confusion and
misinterpretation.
3. The instructions are carefully laden for you to understand the given
lessons. Read each item cautiously.
5. This module helps you attain and learn lessons at home. Make sure
to clearly comprehend the first activity before proceeding to the next
one.
If you wish to talk to your teacher/educator, do not hesitate to keep in touch with
him/her for further discussion. Know that even if this is a home-based class, your
teacher is only a call away. Good communication between the teacher and the
student is our priority to flourish your understanding on the given lessons.
We do hope that in using this material, you will gain ample knowledge and skills
for you to be fully equipped and ready to answer the demands of the globally
competitive world. We are confident in you! Keep soaring high!
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WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted
in your grade level. The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit
your level of understanding. Indeed, this learning resource is for you to fully
comprehend the difference between quantitative and qualitative research
(CS_RS11-IIIa-4) and the examples of research in areas of interest (CS_RS11-
IIIa-5). Independently, you are going to go through this module following its proper
sequence. Although you are going to do it alone, this is a guided lesson and
instructions/directions on how to do every activity is plotted for your convenience.
Using this learning resource, you are ought to differentiate quantitative from
qualitative research (CS_RS11-IIIa-4) and provide examples of research in areas
of interest (CS_RS11-IIIa-5) as inculcated in the K-12 Most Essential Learning
Competencies.
At the end of this module, you are expected to achieve the following objectives:
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WHAT I KNOW
Pre-Test.
Directions: Read carefully each statement. Choose the best letter that represents the
correct answer. Use separate sheet of paper in answering this activity.
1. The most basic distinction between types of data is that some data are quantitative
while other data are qualitative. Quantitative data generally consists of:
a. numbers b. equations
c. open-ended responses d. survey and questionnaire data
2. Qualitative data generally can include:
a. Only written material that respondents provide in response to open-ended
items.
b. Any sort of data that can be summarized with numbers.
c. Text, pictures, videos, sound recordings.
d. Survey and questionnaire data.
3. The most fundamental difference between qualitative data and quantitative data is
that:
a. The type of judgment that is used to make meaning of the data, and how the
data are manipulated.
b. The research questions that can be addressed using each of the types of
data.
c. The topics about which the data are being collected.
d. The respondents providing the data.
4. Considering the way researchers handle data, it is helpful to remember that:
a. It is not possible to convert qualitative data into quantitative data.
b. Researchers often use quantitative data so that they avoid any subjective or
qualitative judgments.
c. A researcher who converts qualitative data into quantitative data is ensuring
that the validity of the research will be improved.
d. Although some data are collected quantitatively, there are many qualitative
judgments that go into how those responses are collected.
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5. Which of the following statements about qualitative data is not accurate?
a). Qualitative data is collected from a desk, e.g. by using Google
b. Qualitative data is often collected using informal group discussions
c. The quality of qualitative data depends to a large extent on the way it is
interpreted
d. The quality of qualitative data can be affected if one person dominates the
group discussion
6. Which of the following statements about quantitative data is accurate?
a) Quantitative data is easy to analyse
b) Quantitative data is collected using in-depth interviews
c) An example of quantitative data is ‘80% of people questioned have tried an
Innocent smoothie’
d) Quantitative data is collected to find out the reasons for customers’ behaviour
7. Quantitative research tends to bring out a static picture of social life. However,
qualitative research depicts it as _______.
a. statistical b. symmetrical
c. processual d. proverbial
8. How might qualitative research facilitate quantitative research?
a. By providing hypotheses that can later be tested.
b. By helping with the design of survey questions.
c. By informing the schedule of a structured interview.
d. All of the above.
9. How might quantitative research support qualitative research?
a. By identifying specific groups of people to be interviewed.
b. By utilizing a rigorous positivist framework.
c. By combining laboratory experiments with structured participant observation.
d. By showing the occurrence of different responses to a survey.
10. How might qualitative research assist with the analysis of quantitative data?
a. By providing statistical data.
b. By identifying a sample of respondents for triangulation.
c. By making the research more value-laden and subjective.
d. By assisting the explanation of the relationship between two variables.
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WHAT’S IN
Directions: Complete the venn diagram below to show the similarities and differences
between Qualitative and Quantitative research. Use the given clues below for you to
accomplish the given task. A separate sheet of paper is needed in answering this
activity.
Qualitative
Quantitative
Clues:
a. Measurable variables
b. Come to a conclusion
c. Mostly inductive reasoning to look for themes and patterns, then deductive
reasoning to support hypothesis
d. Qualities that cannot easily be quantified
e. Formulate research question
f. Hypothesis and parameters set before research begins
g. Researcher becomes immersed in the research, and reacts subjectively to data
h. Hypothesis and parameters can emerge in reaction to data as it is collected - not
needed to begin researh
i. Inductive reasoning only before research begins, then wholly deductive reasoning
used to support or refute hypothesis
j. Collect Data
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WHAT’S NEW
Test I.
Directions: Read and understand each statement then determine whether the given
data belong to Qualitative or Quantitative type of research. Write QL if it is Qualitative
and QT if Quantitative. Use separate sheet of paper in answering this activity.
Test II.
Directions: Tell whether the following examples is a Qualitative or a Quantitative type
of research. Write QL if it is Qualitative and QT if Quantitative. Use separate sheet of
paper in asnwering this activity.
Qualitative Quantitative
o Quantification of
o In-depth understanding
data
Objectives of underlying reasons
o Measurement of
and motivations
incidence, etc.
o Non-statistical
Data Analysis o Contextual o Statistical
o Thematic
o Broad based
Not conclusive nor insights
Outcomes
generalizable o Population based
understanding
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WHAT I HAVE LEARNED
Directions: Evaluate the given research questions then tell whether it is an example
of a Qualitative or a Quantitative type of research. Give a brief explanation of your
answer. Use separate sheet of paper in doing this activity.
Research Question 1:
What is the client’s degree of satisfaction with the services provided by
the Philippine Social Security System?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Research Question 2:
What are perceptions of Filipino women and men on intimate partner
violence?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Research Question 3:
What are the lived experiences among public healthworkers in facing
COVID-19 in the Philippines?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Research Question 4:
What is the average age of secondary school students who have a
Facebook account?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
WHAT I CAN DO 9
Test 1:
Directions: List down at least three (3) topics for every broad category of research.
Discuss comprehensively how every topic you have suggested can be carried out
using Qualitative or Quantitative type of research. Use separate sheet of paper in
doing this activity.
Qualitative Research
Topic 1: ____________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Topic 2: ____________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Topic 3: ____________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Quantitative Research
Topic 1: ___________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Topic 2: ___________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Topic 3: ___________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Test 2:
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Directions: Detect whether the following researches belong to arts, humanities,
sports, science, business, agriculture and fisheries, information and
communication technology, and social inquiry. Write the correct field of these
researches before the number. Use separate sheet of paper in doing this activity.
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ASSESSMENT
Directions: Complete the table below. Examine the given clues which will help you in
accomplishing this task. Use separate sheet of paper in answering this activity. The
8th criteria is done for you.
Purpose
Group Studied
Variables
Objectivity and
Subjectivity
Results
Scientific Method
Nature of Observation
Nature of Reality
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Final Report
Clues:
Narrative report with contextual description & direct quotations from research
participants.
Statistical report with correlations, comparisons of means, & statistical
significance of findings.
Multiple realities; subjective.
Single reality; objective
Smaller & not randomly selected.
Larger & randomly selected.
Study behavior in a natural environment.
Study behavior under controlled conditions; isolate causal effects
Study of the whole, not variables.
Specific variables studied
Wide-angle lens; examines the breadth & depth of phenomena.
Narrow-angle lens; tests a specific hypotheses.
Words, images, or objects.
Numbers and statistics.
Explore, discover, & construct.
Describe, explain, & predict.
Qualitative data such as open- ended responses, interviews, participant
observations, field notes, & reflections.
Quantitative data based on precise measurements using structured & validated
data-collection instruments
Dynamic, situational, social, & personal.
Regular & predictable.
Identify patterns, features, themes
Identify statistical relationships.
Exploratory or bottom–up: the researcher generates a new hypothesis and
theory from the data collected.
Confirmatory or top-down: the researcher tests the hypothesis and theory with
the data.
Subjectivity is expected.
Objectivity is critical.
Particular or specialized findings that is less generalizable.
Generalizable findings that can be applied to other populations
Researcher & their biases may be known to participants in the study, &
participant characteristics may be known to the researcher.
To understand & interpret social interactions.
To test hypotheses, look at cause & effect, & make predictions.
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ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY/IES
Directions: Below are examples of research titles of actual studies. Identify each title
whether it is a Qualitative type of research or a Quantitative one. Use separate sheet
of paper in doing this activity.
Assessment
Published Books
Buensuceso, D., Dacanay, D., Manalo, G., & San Gabriel, N. (2016). Practical
research 1 (1st ed.). Pasig, Philippines: Department of Education-Bureau of
Learning Resources
Prieto, N., Naval, V., & Carey, T. (2017). Practical research 1 for senior high school.
Quezon City, Metro Manila: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.
Published Journals
Electronic Resources
Lindsay, L. (n.d.). Quantitative vs. qualitative research (venn diagram). Retrieved from
https://creately.com/diagram/example/i9kx9w1i2/Quantitative%20vs.%20Quali
tative%20Research
Other Resources