3.2.7 Rankine's Earth Pressure in Cohesive Soils
3.2.7 Rankine's Earth Pressure in Cohesive Soils
3.2.7 Rankine's Earth Pressure in Cohesive Soils
σ3 σ1
or, (1+sinϕ) = (1 – sinϕ) - ϕ
NCIT/Foundation Engineering/Chapter 3. Lateral Earth Pressure Theories/Er.
3
Subir Rai
Chapter 3. Lateral Earth Pressure Theories
3.2 Rankine’s earth pressure theory for active and passive states
3.2.7 Rankine’s Earth pressure in Cohesive Soils when backfill is horizontal
3.2.7.2 Active Case
σ σ
or, 3 (1+sinϕ) = 1 (1 – sinϕ) - ϕ
or, σ3 (1+sinϕ) = σ1(1 – sinϕ) – 2 ϕ
1 – sinϕ 2 ϕ
or, σ3 = σ1 – ------(i) σ3 σ1
1+sinϕ 1+sinϕ
or,σ3=σ1 tan2(45°- ϕ 2 C tan(45°− ϕ
As σ3 is equal to the active pressure (pa)
Fig : Mohr Circle in Active case in Cohesive Soil
and σ1 is equal to the vertical stress
σv = γ Z), eqn (i) becomes,
1 – sinϕ
pa = Ka γ Z –2 c where, Ka = = tan2(45°- ϕ
𝐚 1+sinϕ
ϕ
And it can be shown that = tan(45°− ϕ =
1+sinϕ a
2𝐂
Zc =
γ Ka
The depth Zc is known as the depth of
tensile crack
pa = Ka γ H 2 c Ka
pp = γ Z 𝐩 2c 𝐩 at depth Z
Where, Kp = coefficient of passive Fig : Mohr Circle in Passive case in Cohesive Soil
(1+ inϕ)
earth pressure given by Kp = ϕ/2)= (1− inϕ)
2
The failure plane makes an angle of ϕ/2 with the vertical plane (major principal
plane) and makes ϕ/2 angle with horizontal plane (minor principal plane
Pa= Ka γ H2- Ka +2 c2 / γ