CASE STUDY -02

Name: Madhura B
Email: [email protected]
Employee ID: 11718307
Candidate ID: CANDIDATE-3-1538817

***VM-WARE case study ***

1) What is DevOps. Explain the different Phases of DevOps and Mention and Explain
the tools for each phase.
Ans: DevOps is the combination of cultural philosophies, practices, and tools that
increases an organization's ability to deliver applications and services at high velocity:
evolving and improving products at a faster pace than organizations using traditional software
development and infrastructure management processes.
The DevOps lifecycle comprises of the 5 Cs and these are as follows:
 Continuous Development: The first phase of the DevOps lifecycle, Continuous
Development involves the phase in which all the planning and coding is done for the
software application. This is the phase where the team members sit down and
visualize the outcome or, in other words, how the software application will turn out to
be. Once the vision is in place, the developers start writing and maintaining the code. 
 Continuous Integration: After the phase of Continuous Development comes
Continuous Integration, and the first phase automatically translates into the second
one. This phase involves different steps which include planning of test execution to be
carried out in the testing phase, as well as understanding the project requirements
provided by the client to incorporate the necessary features in the software product.
The stage also involves changes made into the source code frequently, and often on a
daily or weekly basis. Many refer to the Continuous Integration stage as the heart of
the overall DevOps lifecycle, as this is the phase in which problems in the code can be
detected early on.
 Continuous Testing: The Continuous Testing phase involves the phase in which the
developed code is continuously tested to look for bugs, defects and flaws. This is also
the phase where the usability of the software is tested using the set of best
practices for QA, and it is determined whether the software meets the specifications
defined by the client. Continuous testing is carried out using automation testing tools,
which can be open source tools like Selenium or advanced test management tools like
QARA Enterprise and TestNG. These tools allow the QA team to execute multiple
tests in parallel in order to increase test coverage and increase the efficiency of the
testing process. The outcome from the testing is shared with the developers to make
changes in the product.
 Continuous Deployment: The fourth phase in the DevOps lifecycle is that of
Continuous Deployment and it involves deploying the code such that it doesn't affect
the performance of the product or website. During this stage, it is important to ensure
the code is deployed accurately on all the servers. It is all about ensuring the product
is deployed with utmost accuracy, with no scope for errors.
 Continuous Monitoring: The fifth phase in the DevOps lifecycle is the Monitoring
phase which involves recording and processing of key information about the
application to deduce the areas where more efforts are required, as well as the general
patterns. This one is an operational phase and the objective is to enhance the software
application's operational efficiency, and also continuously monitor the performance of
the application. Hence, this one is a crucial phase.
2. Explain (1) Waterfall Model (2) Agile Model and list the advantages and
disadvantages.
Ans: (1) Waterfall Model:
The Waterfall Model was the first Process Model to be introduced. It is also referred to as
a linear-sequential life cycle model. It is very simple to understand and use. In a waterfall
model, each phase must be completed before the next phase can begin and there is no
overlapping in the phases.
The Waterfall model is the earliest SDLC approach that was used for software development.
The waterfall Model illustrates the software development process in a linear sequential flow.
This means that any phase in the development process begins only if the previous phase is
complete. In this waterfall model, the phases do not overlap.
Waterfall model design:
Waterfall approach was first SDLC Model to be used widely in Software Engineering to
ensure success of the project. In "The Waterfall" approach, the whole process of software
development is divided into separate phases. In this Waterfall model, typically, the outcome
of one phase acts as the input for the next phase sequentially.
The following illustration is a representation of the different phases of the Waterfall Model.

The sequential phases in Waterfall model are –

 Requirement Gathering and analysis − All possible requirements of the system to
be developed are captured in this phase and documented in a requirement
specification document.
  System Design − The requirement specifications from first phase are studied in this
phase and the system design is prepared. This system design helps in specifying
hardware and system requirements and helps in defining the overall system
architecture.
 Implementation − With inputs from the system design, the system is first developed
in small programs called units, which are integrated in the next phase. Each unit is
developed and tested for its functionality, which is referred to as Unit Testing.
 Integration and Testing − All the units developed in the implementation phase are
integrated into a system after testing of each unit. Post integration the entire system
is tested for any faults and failures.
 Deployment of system − Once the functional and non-functional testing is done; the
product is deployed in the customer environment or released into the market.
 Maintenance − There are some issues which come up in the client environment. To
fix those issues, patches are released. Also to enhance the product some better
versions are released. Maintenance is done to deliver these changes in the customer
environment.
All these phases are cascaded to each other in which progress is seen as flowing steadily
downwards (like a waterfall) through the phases. The next phase is started only after the
defined set of goals are achieved for previous phase and it is signed off, so the name
"Waterfall Model". In this model, phases do not overlap.

Waterfall Model – Application:

Every software developed is different and requires a suitable SDLC approach to be followed
based on the internal and external factors. Some situations where the use of Waterfall model
is most appropriate are –

 Requirements are very well documented, clear and fixed.

 Product definition is stable.
 Technology is understood and is not dynamic.
 There are no ambiguous requirements.
 Ample resources with required expertise are available to support the product.
 The project is short.

Advantages of Waterfall Model are:

 Before the next phase of development, each phase must be completed

 Simple and easy to understand and use
 Easy to manage due to the rigidity of the model. Each phase has specific
deliverables and a review process.
 Phases are processed and completed one at a time.
 Works well for smaller projects where requirements are very well understood.
 Clearly defined stages.
 Well understood milestones.
 Easy to arrange tasks.
 Process and results are well documented.
The Disadvantages of Waterfall Model are:

 Error can be fixed only during the phase.

 No working software is produced until late during the life cycle.
 High amounts of risk and uncertainty.
 Not a good model for complex and object-oriented projects.
 Poor model for long and ongoing projects.
 Not suitable for the projects where requirements are at a moderate to high risk
of changing. So, risk and uncertainty is high with this process model.
 It is difficult to measure progress within stages.
 Cannot accommodate changing requirements.
 Adjusting scope during the life cycle can end a project.
 Integration is done as a "big-bang. at the very end, which doesn't allow
identifying any technological or business bottleneck or challenges early.

(2) Azile Mode:

Ans: Agile workflow is an iterative method of delivering a project. In Agile, multiple

individual teams work on particular tasks for a certain duration of time termed as ‘Sprints’.
“Agile Workflow can be defined as the set of stages involved in developing an application,
from ideation to sprints completion”.
Azile workflow/ Lifecycle:
Let’s understand the Agile Workflow and its stages:

The Agile application development lifecycle consists of:

  Ideation: The very first stage of the Agile workflow is about defining the business
scope for each of the project ideas and determining the time and set of tasks to
execute such projects. This judgment helps in identifying financial and resource
availability so as to conclude which ideas are worth executing!
 Creation of Sprint Teams: After identifying the project and discussing it with the
stakeholders, the agile team members are identified and resources are allocated so as
to execute the project. These team members are assigned work responsibilities and the
timeframe to complete the same for each of sprint teams.
   Iteration: When sprint teams are identified upon discussion and feedback from the
stakeholders, the project work is resumed. The team with the objective of launching a
workable product at the end of a sprint, start working on the first iteration. As the
product goes through many rounds of improvement or iteration, the first iteration
usually includes minimum functions. The team can put up more sprints to develop the
entire product.
 Release: At this stage, the product is ready to pass into the production phase. The
quality team tests the product functionality and rectifies defects or errors if any.
 Production: During the production stage, the team must ensure that the product is
being launched successfully and guide the users on its usage. Thus, at this phase, the
team offers continual support for the product release.
 Retirement: This is the last stage of the azile software development cycle. As the
name indicates, the product is removed or replaced with a new release. The new
product is introduced when the previous product becomes redundant or does not fit
the ongoing business model.
Advantages of Azile model are:

 Supports customer involvement and customer satisfaction

 Strong communication of the software team with the customer.
 Focus on user and customer
 Rapid development
 Allows changes easily
 Cost-saving
 Promotes team works
 Fast delivery
 Little planning required.

The Disadvantages of Azile model are:

 Lack of documentation is a problem if the software team is changed and software

needs to be maintained after some years.
 Senior and highly paid developers are required because they are the only persons who
can take correct decisions by having an eye for a little documentation.
 It does not have full support for documentation and design.
3. How to run a job in Jenkins (1) Display installed Device Drivers (2) Network
information (3) Display the configuration (4) Test network connection (5) Date and
Time Explain with screenshot.
Ans:
(1) Display Installed Device Drivers:
Step1: Go to Jenkins dashboard. Select the New item option in order to create a job.

After selection that option we need to give the job name as per we are execution which type
of job execution. After providing the name we need to describe the thing that what we are
going to execute in this particular job.

After this steps while scrolling down we will be getting the option called build. In that build
option we need to select ‘Execute windows batch command’ option in order to comment of
that particular job execution code.
After entering the code of execution of that particular job we need to select save option.
After selecting save we will be getting another tab while containing some of the sources
which has been showed in the below snap. In that many options we need to select build now
option. After selecting the build now option we will be getting build job that will be appear in
the below of that as we can see in the below mentioned snap.
After getting the build job we need to select that in order to get the output of that
corresponding job.
After selecting that obtained build option we will be again getting some of the options over in
the tab. In that options we need to select console output option in order to get the output. As it
is showed below.
Similarly we want to display the installed drivers we need to change the code as it is shown
clearly in the below mentioned snaps.

The above mentioned query comment is the code for to display the installed drivers in our
local system.
After selecting save we will be getting another tab while containing some of the sources
which has been showed in the below snap. In that many options we need to select build now
option. After selecting the build now option we will be getting build job that will be appear in
the below of that as we can see in the below mentioned snap.
After getting the build job we need to select that in order to get the output of that
corresponding job.
(2) Network Information:
Ans: Same After selection that option we need to give the job name as per we are execution
which type of job execution. After providing the name we need to describe the thing that
what we are going to execute in this particular job. While scrolling down we will be getting
the option called build. In that build option we need to select ‘Execute windows batch
command’ option in order to comment of that particular job execution code.
After entering the code of execution of that particular job we need to select save option.
After selecting save we will be getting another tab while containing some of the sources
which has been showed in the below snap. In that many options we need to select build now
option. After selecting the build now option we will be getting build job that will be appear in
the below of that as we can see in the below mentioned snap.
After getting the build job we need to select that in order to get the output of that
corresponding job.
After selecting that obtained build option we will be again getting some of the options over in
the tab. In that options we need to select console output option in order to get the output. As it
is showed below.

(3) Display the System Configuration:

Ans: Same After selection that option we need to give the job name as per we are execution
which type of job execution. After providing the name we need to describe the thing that
what we are going to execute in this particular job. While scrolling down we will be getting
the option called build. In that build option we need to select ‘Execute windows batch
command’ option in order to comment of that particular job execution code.
After entering the code of execution of that particular job we need to select save option.
After selecting save we will be getting another tab while containing some of the sources
which has been showed in the below snap. In that many options we need to select build now
option. After selecting the build now option we will be getting build job that will be appear in
the below of that as we can see in the below mentioned snap.
After getting the build job we need to select that in order to get the output of that
corresponding job.
After selecting that obtained build option we will be again getting some of the options over in
the tab. In that options we need to select console output option in order to get the output. As it
is showed below.
(4) Network Connection:
Ans: Same After selection that option we need to give the job name as per we are execution
which type of job execution. After providing the name we need to describe the thing that
what we are going to execute in this particular job. While scrolling down we will be getting
the option called build. In that build option we need to select ‘Execute windows batch
command’ option in order to comment of that particular job execution code.
After entering the code of execution of that particular job we need to select save option.
After selecting save we will be getting another tab while containing some of the sources
which has been showed in the below snap. In that many options we need to select build now
option. After selecting the build now option we will be getting build job that will be appear in
the below of that as we can see in the below mentioned snap.
After getting the build job we need to select that in order to get the output of that
corresponding job.
After selecting that obtained build option we will be again getting some of the options over in
the tab. In that options we need to select console output option in order to get the output. As it
is showed below.
(5) Date and Time:
Ans:
Now after entering to the new item we had to give the item name as given in the below snap.

After giving the name we need to select the path i.e., free style project and then click on OK.
Now we will be appeared on the new tab as shown below.
Here we need to write the description.

On scrolling down we got an option called Build. In build we need to select Execute window
batch control as shown as in the snap below.
After selecting that we got the command window.
In the command window we need to write the command whichever we want the output.
Here I had used the below mentioned command in order to get the output of current date and
time.

After writing the comment we need to save that tab.

After saving we need to build the project so we need to select build now.
So after building we got the build file as appeared in the below snap.
So after getting that we need to select the console output option in order to obtain an output.

Now for the same example we can also build the project periodically by selecting this option
as shown below and entering the comment over there.
After selecting if we build the project we can get the build ones on every after one minute. In
the below snap it is shown clearly.
4. Explain the steps for Create Repositories in GitHub and Create Repositories name as
(i) ABC_Documents (ii) ABC_EmployeeData (iii) ABC_Coding.
Ans:
(i) Creating ABC_Documents repository:
To create repositories in GitHub we need to select new option which is as shown in the below
snap.

After selecting new option we will be getting create new repository tab containing owner
name as well as the repository name tab.
In repository name tab we need to enter the repository name which will be available too.
And need to select public or private as for our convenience.

Now after scrolling below we get initialize the repository with option. So we need to select
the option which we had showed in the below snap and then click on create new repository.
After creating the repository we will be getting our newly created repository in the
dashboard.

(ii) Creating an repository naming as ABC_EmployeeData:

After selecting new option we will be getting create new repository tab containing owner
name as well as the repository name tab.
In repository name tab we need to enter the repository name which will be available too.
And need to select public or private as for our convenience.
Now after scrolling below we get initialize the repository with option. So we need to select
the option which we had showed in the below snap and then click on create new repository.
After creating the repository we will be getting our newly created repository in the
dashboard.
(iii) Creating a repository of ABC_Coding:
After selecting new option we will be getting create new repository tab containing owner
name as well as the repository name tab.
In repository name tab we need to enter the repository name which will be available too.
And need to select public or private as for our convenience.
Now after scrolling below we get initialize the repository with option. So we need to select
the option which we had showed in the below snap and then click on create new repository.
After creating the repository we will be getting our newly created repository in the
dashboard.
5. Explain the steps for Create and Upload the files in Repositories.
1) create (i) python file (ii) Scripting file (iii) Text file
2) Upload (i) csv file (ii) Excel files (iii) json files. Attach the screenshot.
Ans: (1) Creating a new file.
For creating a new file first we need to go in our dashboard. In that we got the option called
add file in that we need to select create a file in order create any new file. It is as shown in the
below snap.

 Creating a new python file along with its extension .py

After all the enters are done we need to scroll down and need to select commit new file
option in order to create a file.
  Creating a scripting file:

 Creating a text file:

After all the creations are done we could have notice that all files which we had created are
appeared in our main dashboard.
In the below snap that is clearly shown as follows.

As we can see in the above snap i.e., those are the files which we had create just now.
(2) Uploading a new files:
For uploading a new file first we need to go in our dashboard. In that we got the option called
add file in that we need to select upload a file in order create any new file. It is as shown in
the below snap.

And we need to select upload from device option in order to select which ever the files has to
be uploaded in our local desktop.

After selecting the above option, we will be getting our local disk contains which ever files
are there it will be appear. So, in that we have the option to upload any of the files which ever
we want.
  Uploading the csv file:

After uploading we need to select commit changes option in order to upload a file
completely.

 Uploading a Excel file:

 Uploading a json file:
6. Explain the steps for Fork in GitHub. and Fork the some VMware related files in to
your GitHub. Attach the screenshot.
Ans: To Fork in GitHub first we need to go for the dashboard in that we need to search the
topics whichever related to us we need to fork that repository in to our repository.
As showed in the below snap we are searching for that VMware related files to fork that in to
our repository account.

After searching the related files we will be getting that repository results as we can see in the
below snap.

So after getting the repository results whichever files we need to fork that repository to our
local repository account we need to select that particular item and need to enter to that file.
After entering in to that particular file we will be able to see the option called fork option in
order to fork that file into our local repository.
After selecting the fork option we can be easily adopt that particular file in to our local
repository. That we will be easily notice in the below snaps.
See we can able to see that fork repository of VMware file in our local account of repository
easily.
7. Explain steps for cloning in GitBash. Clone the VMware related files from your
GitHub to GitBash. Attach the screenshot.
Ans: In order to clone the VMware related file that we have in the GitHub to GitBash First
we need to copy the path which is from GitHub as shown below.
In the VMware related file after entering into that file first we need to copy the path while
selecting the code option in that file.

After copying the path from the GitHub we need to paste that it in GitBash using the below
comment of code.
After executing that we can be able to see that the VMware files has been cloned to our local
folder from GitHub to Gitbash.

See in the below snap we can clearly able to see that the files and folders whichever are
presented in the VMware folder in GitHub is same has been cloned to GitBash folder also.
8. Explain (i)What is VM ware (ii) Hypervisor (iii) Types of Hypervisor.
Ans:
(i) VMware: It is a virtualization and cloud computing software vendor based in Palo
Alto, California. Founded in 1998, VMware is now a subsidiary of Dell
Technologies. VMware bases its virtualization technologies on its bare-metal
hypervisor ESX/ESXi in x86 architecture. Bare-metal embedded hypervisors can
run directly on a server’s hardware without the need of a primary operating system.
With VMware server virtualization, a hypervisor is installed on the physical server
to allow for multiple virtual machines (VMs) to run on the same physical server.
Each VM can run its own operating system, allowing multiple OSes to run on one
physical server. All of the VMs on the same physical server share resources, such as
networking and RAM.
VMware products include virtualization, networking and security management
tools, software-defined datacentre software, and storage software. VMware
vSphere is a server virtualization platform for implementing and managing VM
infrastructures on a large scale. VMware vSphere, also referred to as a cloud
operating system or a virtualized data centre platform, enables IT departments to
place application workloads on the most cost-effective compute resource
available.
VMware offers applications for desktops as well as servers. VMware’s desktop
software is compatible with Linux, Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. Desktop
products include VMware Workstation, VMware Fusion and VMware Player.

(ii) Hypervisor: A hypervisor is a form of virtualization software used in Cloud

hosting to divide and allocate the resources on various pieces of hardware. The
program which provides partitioning, isolation or abstraction is called
virtualization hypervisor. The hypervisor is a hardware virtualization technique
that allows multiple guest operating systems (OS) to run on a single host system at
the same time. A hypervisor is sometimes also called a virtual machine
manager(VMM). 

(iii) Types of Hypervisor:

 TYPE-1 Hypervisor: The hypervisor runs directly on the underlying host

system. It is also known as “Native Hypervisor” or “Bare metal
hypervisor”. It does not require any base server operating system. It has
direct access to hardware resources. Examples of Type 1 hypervisors
include VMware ESXi, Citrix Xen Server and Microsoft Hyper-V
hypervisor. 
Pros & Cons of Type-1 Hypervisor:
 Pros: Such kind of hypervisors are very efficient because they have
direct access to the physical hardware resources(like Cpu, Memory,
Network, Physical storage). This causes the empowerment the
 security because there is nothing any kind of the third party resource
so that attacker couldn’t compromise with anything. 
 Cons: One problem with Type-1 hypervisor is that they usually
need a dedicated separate machine to perform its operation and to
instruct different VMs and control the host hardware resources.

 TYPE-2 Hypervisor: A Host operating system runs on the underlying host

system. It is also known as ‘Hosted Hypervisor”. Such kind of hypervisors
doesn’t run directly over the underlying hardware rather they run as an
application in a Host system(physical machine). Basically, software
installed on an operating system. Hypervisor asks the operating system to
make hardware calls. Example of Type 2 hypervisor includes VMware
Player or Parallels Desktop. Hosted hypervisors are often found on
endpoints like PCs.  The type-2 hypervisor is are very useful for engineers,
security analyst(for checking malware, or malicious source code and newly
developed applications).
Pros & Cons of Type-2 Hypervisor:
 Pros: Such kind of hypervisors allows quick and easy access to a
guest Operating System alongside the host machine running. These
hypervisors usually come with additional useful features for guest
machine. Such tools enhance the coordination between the host
machine and guest machine.
 Cons: Here there is no direct access to the physical hardware
resources so the efficiency of these hypervisors lags in performance
as compared to the type-1 hypervisors, and potential security risks
are also there an attacker can compromise the security weakness if
there is access to the host operating system so he can also access the
guest operating system.
9. Explain Steps for Installation VMware in local systems.?
Ans: The below provided link will be the installation link of VMware.
https://www.vmware.com/in/products/workstation-player/workstation-player-evaluation.html
After entering with that above link in our browser we will be getting the tab as shown as in
the below snap.
After getting in to this window we need to select the first option which is appeared and
shown in the above snap shot. After selecting that it will be starts downloading in our local
system.
After following these above steps the VMware workstation shortcut has been appeared in our
desktop.
After the above steps are followed the VMware software has been installed.
The below link is the tiny core which has to be installed in our local system in order to create
any new files in the VMware workstation.
https://distro.ibiblio.org/tinycorelinux/downloads.html
10. Explain and Attach the screen for Creating VM (Virtual Machine) with name (i)
ABC_VM (ii) ABC_DataVM (iii) ABC_Network VM in VMware workstation Player?
Attach the screenshot.
Ans: After installing the VMware open that VMware workstation and select create a new
virtual machine option which is as shown in the below snap.

After selecting that option we need to select the option in the below appeared tab like installer
disc image file and need to browse the file.

After selecting the browse option we need to upload a tiny core file which we had
downloaded at the beginning of the installation of the VMware workstation. This has been
clearly showed and mentioned in the below snap.
After selecting next in the above we need to select guest operating system as Linux and
version as ubuntu 64-bit in the below step as shown. After selection click on next.
(i) ABC_VM:
Creating virtual machine name as ABC_VM:
(ii) ABC_DataVM:
(iii) ABC_NetworkVM:
After all the creation of new files in that VMware workstation we can see that all created files
in our dashboard.
Here it is clearly created.