CH 16 Light 2023

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Dr.

Vikhe Patil Foundation’s


Vikhe Patil Memorial School
Lohegaon, Pune – 47.

Grade -8: Science


Ch-16: Light

1. Differentiate between regular and diffused reflection. Does diffused reflection


mean the failure of the laws of reflection?
Answer:-

Regular reflection Diffused reflection


When all the parallel rays reflected from a When all the parallel rays reflected from a plane
1
plane surface are parallel, the reflection is surface are not parallel, the reflection is known
.
known as regular reflection as diffused or irregular reflection
2 It takes place from a smooth or regular
It takes place from a rough surface
. surface
3
Images are formed by regular reflection. Images are not formed by irregular reflection.
.

The diffused reflection is not due to the failure of laws of reflection but caused by
irregularities in the reflecting surface.

2. State the laws of reflection.


Answer:-

Laws of reflection are:


1) The angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of incidence.
2) The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the reflective surface at the point of
incidence all lie in the same plane.

3. Describe an activity to show that the incident ray, the reflected ray and the
normal at the point of incidence lie in the
same plane.
Answer:- Place a plane mirror on the table. Take
a sheet of paper and place it on the table in
contact with the vertical mirror. Draw a normal line
on the second sheet from the mirror. Now, light a
torch on the mirror through the small hole such
that the ray of light falls on the normal at the
bottom of the mirror. When the ray from this hole
is incident on the mirror, it gets reflected in a
certain direction. You can easily observe the
incident ray, reflected ray and the normal to the
mirror at the point of incidence on the sheet placed
on the table. This shows that the incident ray, the
reflected ray, and the normal to the surface at the
point of incidence all lie in the same plane.
4. Draw a labelled sketch of the human eye.

Answer:-

EXTRA QUESTIONS FOR REFERENCE

1. Gurmit wanted to perform Activity 16.8 using a laser torch. Her teacher advised
her not to do so. Can you explain the basis of the teacher's advice?
Answer:- Laser light is harmful for the human eyes, because its intensity is very high. It can
cause damage to the retina and lead to blindness. Hence, it is advisable not to look at a laser
beam directly.

2. Explain how you can take care of your eyes.


Answer:-  We can take care of eyes by:
1) Visit an eye specialist regularly.
2) Avoid reading in dim light and very bright light.
3) Avoid direct exposure of sunlight to the eye.
3) Clean your eyes with cold water quickly if dust particles or small insects enter your eye. Do
not rub your eyes.
4) Maintain a distance of at least 25 cm between the book and your eyes while reading.

3. What is the angle of incidence of a ray if the reflected ray is at an angle of 90° to
the incident ray?
Answer:-  As per the laws of reflection
The angle of incidence ∠i = angle of reflection ∠r
Here as given ∠i + ∠r = 90°
∴ ∠i + ∠i = 90 °
or ∠i = 90/2 = 45 °
Hence angle of incidence of a ray = 45 degree

4. How many images of a candle will be formed if it is placed between two parallel
plane mirrors separated by 40 cm?
Answer:- Infinite images of the candle will be formed due to parallel mirrors.

5. Two mirrors meet at right angles. A ray of light is incident on one of the mirror at
an angle of 30° as shown in Fig. 16.19. Draw the reflected ray from the second
mirror.
Answer:-
The first law of reflection is used to obtain the path of reflected light.

It can be observed that the given ray of light will reflect from the second mirror at an angle
60°.

6. Boojho stands at A just on the side of a plane mirror as shown in Fig. 16.20. Can
he see himself in the mirror? Also can he see the image of objects situated at P, Q
and R?

Answer:- A plane mirror forms a virtual image behind the mirror. The image is as far behind
the mirror as the object is in front of it. A cannot see his image because the length of the
mirror is too short on his side. However, he can see the objects placed at points P and Q, but
cannot see the object placed at point R (as shown in the given figure).

7. (a) Find out the position of the image of an object situated at A in the plane
mirror (Fig. 16.21).
(b) Can Paheli at B see this image?
(c) Can Boojho at C see this image?
(d) When Paheli moves from B to C, where does the image of A move?
Answer:-
(a) Image of the object placed at A is formed behind the mirror. The distance of the image
from the mirror is equal to the distance of A from the mirror. Image of A is shown in the
given figure.

(b) Yes. Paheli at B can see this image.

(c) Yes. Boojho at C can see this image.

(d) Image of the object at A will not move. It will remain at the same position when Paheli
moves from B to C.

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