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Ch. 4 ... Part - 5

The document discusses operating system file systems. It describes what a file system is and its key responsibilities, including naming, storing, and retrieving files from storage devices. Common types of file systems are also outlined such as FAT, NTFS, ext, HFS, and APFS. The advantages of file systems are organization, data protection, and improved performance, while disadvantages include compatibility issues, disk space overhead, and vulnerabilities. Files, file attributes, directories, and common directory operations are also summarized.

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26 views

Ch. 4 ... Part - 5

The document discusses operating system file systems. It describes what a file system is and its key responsibilities, including naming, storing, and retrieving files from storage devices. Common types of file systems are also outlined such as FAT, NTFS, ext, HFS, and APFS. The advantages of file systems are organization, data protection, and improved performance, while disadvantages include compatibility issues, disk space overhead, and vulnerabilities. Files, file attributes, directories, and common directory operations are also summarized.

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Operating

System
CH. 4 Services
BY DR. VEEJYA KUMBHAR
Ch. 4 Operating System Services
Syllabus

• Processes ✓
• Process Structure ✓
• Process Scheduling ✓
• Scheduling Algorithms ✓
• Process Synchronization & Deadlocks ✓
• Thread Management ✓
• Memory Management ✓
• System Calls ✓
• File System
File System

 A file system defines how files are named, stored, and retrieved from a storage
device.
 Every time you open a file on your computer or smart device, your operating system
uses its file system internally to load it from the storage device.
 Or when you copy, edit, or delete a file, the file system handles it under the hood.
 Whenever you download a file or access a web page over the Internet, a file system is
involved too.
 Imagine a room with piles of papers scattered all over the place ➔
 A storage device without a file system would be in the same situation - and it would be
a useless electronic device.
 A file system isn't just a bookkeeping feature, though.
 Space management, metadata, data encryption, file access control, and data integrity
are the responsibilities of the file system too.
File System in OS

 A file system is a method an operating system uses to store, organize, and manage files and
directories on a storage device. Some common types of file systems include:

1.FAT (File Allocation Table): An older file system used by older versions of
Windows and other operating systems.
2.NTFS (New Technology File System): A modern file system used by Windows.
It supports features such as file and folder permissions, compression, and
encryption.
3.ext (Extended File System): A file system commonly used on Linux and Unix-
based operating systems.
4.HFS (Hierarchical File System): A file system used by macOS.
5.APFS (Apple File System): A new file system introduced by Apple for their
Macs and iOS devices.
Advantages of a File System

1. Organization: A file system allows files to be organized into directories


and subdirectories, making it easier to manage and locate files.
2. Data protection: File systems often include features such as file and
folder permissions, backup and restore, and error detection and
correction, to protect data from loss or corruption.
3. Improved performance: A well-designed file system can improve the
performance of reading and writing data by organizing it efficiently on
disk
Disadvantages of a File System

 Compatibility issues: Different file systems may not be compatible with


each other, making it difficult to transfer data between different
operating systems.
 Disk space overhead: File systems may use some disk space to store
metadata and other overhead information, reducing the amount of space
available for user data.
 Vulnerability: File systems can be vulnerable to data corruption,
malware, and other security threats, which can compromise the stability
and security of the system.
Files

 A file is a collection of related information that is recorded on secondary storage. Or file


is a collection of logically related entities. From the user’s perspective, a file is the
smallest allotment of logical secondary storage.
 The name of the file is divided into two parts as shown below:
• name
• extension, separated by a period.
File Attributes and its operations
FILE DIRECTORIES:

 Collection of files is a file directory.


 The directory contains information about the files, including attributes, location
and ownership.
 Much of this information, especially that is concerned with storage, is managed by
the operating system.
 The directory is itself a file, accessible by various file management routines.

Information contained in a device directory

• Name
• Type
• Address
• Current length
• Maximum length
• Date last accessed
• Date last updated
• Owner id
• Protection information
Operation performed on directory are:

• Search for a file


• Create a file
• Delete a file
• List a directory
• Rename a file
• Traverse the file system
Thank
You

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