The Tragedy of The Tiger

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The tragedy of the tiger

Where the tigers live? North-eastern china, the Indian sub-continent and the Russian Far
East are all home to different species of this beautiful big cat, but maybe not for much
longer. According to a recent study by leading conservationists, the wild tiger is now
closer to extinction than previously realized. In fact, it is thought that there are fewer
than 5,000 tigers existing in the wild around the world. Illegal hunting is a huge factor.
Most countries have laws that prohibit the hunting and trade of these animals, but the
temptation for local poachers is great. A poor villager can earn up to 60 times his daily
earnings by trapping and killing one tiger. This money may guarantee the survival of
his family. The dead tiger is handed over to a middle man, who then often smuggles it
abroad. Its fur may end up hanging on a wall and its bones may be used for medical
purposes.

The other factor affecting the survival of the wild tiger is the reduction of their natural
habitat. When man moves into an area that was previously tiger territory, the tiger loses
its natural prey since the villagers often hunt such animals for their own food. Then the
tiger goes after the villagers’ cows and goats, and so it becomes the hunted. Another
problem with reduced habitat is that the tigers will not cross open land, so they cannot
get to isolated areas of forest breed with other tigers.

One country that has taken action over the competition for habitat is Russia. The
ancient forests of Southern Siberia are being logged for their increasingly expensive
timber. These loggers, along with the poaching of tigers and their prey, have posed a
serious threat to the survival of the tiger population. However, since 1992 the Wildlife
Conservation Society (WCS) has been carrying out The Siberian Tiger Project, by
attaching radio collars to the tigers so they can trace their movements and gather a
wealth of information about their habits. In this way, the Russian government has been
provided with invaluable support and advice.

The `Tiger Response Team´, a special unit of the Russian government, takes active
steps towards resolving the problems between tigers and humans. One aim is to keep
tigers away from human settlements. The team use fireworks or even electrified dead
animals to deter the tigers from approaching villages. Sometimes the tigers are captured
and simply moved to other areas. If the animal is considered too dangerous, it may be
taken to a zoo on the other side of the world. At least in a protected environment like
this, scientists are able to study wild tigers in a way that they could not in their natural
habitat. Also, captive breeding programmes are a way to increase tiger numbers; they
can be used to introduce genetic variability into the wild tiger population.

The WCS also consider the management of the tigers` prey essential to the programme.
This requires the establishment of large areas of habitat for both the tigers and their prey
to coexist. This can be achieved through properly managed wildlife tourism. Tourism
can generate money and jobs for local people, as well as creating opportunities to
conserve suitable land for tigers to live on. It is also an excellent way to educate locals
and tourists in conservationist issues.

There is no clear solution to saving the tiger, but there is still great pressure from
conservation societies and environmental groups to ensure its survival. We will only be
able to do this if we can find a balance between the need of people to earn a living with
the need to preserve the tigers’ habitat.

III Match a word in bold in the text with a synonym below.

1 to catch = __________

2 live in the same place = __________

3 very old = ___________

4 remote/far away = _____________

5 most important = _______________

6 to ban = _______________

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