Child and Adolescent Development

Question 1. Dr, Escoto, the school physician conducted a physical

examination in Ms. Manuel’s class. What concept best describes the
quantitative increase observed by Dr. Escoto among learners in terms of
height and weight
A. Development
B. Growth
C. Learning
D. Maturation

Question 2. Which situation best illustrates the concept of growth

A. A kinder pupil gains 2 pounds within two months.
B. A high school student gets a score of 85 on a mental ability test.
C. An education student has gained knowledge on approaches and strategies in
teaching different subjects.
D. An elementary grader has learned to play the piano.

Question 3. Which statements below best describe development

A. A high school student’s height increased by 5’2″ to 5’4″.
B. A high school student’s change in weight from 110 lbs. to 125 lbs.
C. A student had learned to operate a computer.
D. A student’s enlargement of hips.

Question 4. What concept can best describe Francisco’s ability to walk

without support at 12 months because of the “internal ripening” that
occurred in his muscles, bones, and nervous system development
A. Development
B. Growth
C. Learning
D. Maturation

Question 5. Teacher Jesus is now 69 years old and has been observing
changes in himself such as the aging process. Which term refers to the
development change in the individual
A. Development
B. Growth
C. Learning
D. Maturation

Question 6. Manuel, a five-year-old boy can hold his pen and write his
name with his right hand. Which term describes Manuel’s action/behavior
A. Development
B. Growth
C. Learning
D. Maturation

Question 7. Which of the following theory can help Miss Samson determine
the readiness of her learners by administering a readiness test
A. Conditioning Theories
B. Cognitive Development Theory
C. Maturation Theory
D. Ethological Theory

Gesell's Maturation Theory focused on the physical and mental development of

children. He suggested that children will go through the same stages of
development, in the same sequence but each child will go through the stages at
their own rate. Maturation theory suggests that our development and ability to
learn are influenced by our biological growth and development. It means that as
we grow older, our bodies and brains go through certain changes that make us
more ready or prepared to learn certain things. Now, in the context of Miss
Samson's readiness test, the maturation theory can help determine if you and
your classmates are developmentally ready for certain topics or skills. For
example, let's say Miss Samson wants to teach you algebra. The maturation
theory suggests that your brain needs to go through certain stages of
development before you can fully understand and grasp algebraic concepts. By
administering a readiness test, Miss Samson can assess if you and your
classmates have reached the appropriate stage of development to learn algebra
effectively. The test might include questions or activities that assess your logical
thinking, problem-solving abilities, and mathematical understanding. Based on
the results of the test, Miss Samson can determine if you're ready to learn
algebra or if you might need some additional preparation or support. So, in a
nutshell, the maturation theory helps Miss Samson determine your readiness for
learning by considering your biological growth and development. It acknowledges
that different individuals reach certain stages of readiness at different times, and
by using a readiness test, Miss Samson can tailor her teaching approach to suit
the needs of each student.

Question 8. Mr. Francisco was very much worried about the thumb-sucking
of his son. A friend of his says that certain behavior among infants. Who
presented the notion that certain behavior like thumb-sucking is normal
behavior
A. Sigmund Freud- Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development
B. Erick Ericson
C. John Bowlly
D. Urie Bronfenbrenner

Question 9. A newborn infant moves his whole body at one time, instead of
moving a part of it. Which of the following principles is illustrated by his
behavior
A. Development proceeds from specific to general
B. Development proceeds from general to specific
C. Development follows an orderly pattern
D. Development follows a general pattern
Question 10. Train up a child in the way he should be; when he grows up,
he will not depart from it. Which principle supports this
A. Development is determined by his heredity
B. Development is determined by the environment
C. Early development is more critical than the late development
D. Early development is less critical than late development

Question 11. Which state of the psycho-sexual theory do young boys

experience rivalry with their father for their mother’s attention and affection

A. Oral
B. Anal
C. Phallic - Oedipus Complex
D. Latency

Question 12. Angela focuses her attention on the school work and vigorous
play that consume most of her physical energy. Which stage of
psychosexual theory illustrates her behavior
A. Oral
B. Anal
C. Phallic
D. Latency- the children focus is the acquisition of physical and academic skills

Question 13. Which of the following is likely to be developed if infants are

shown genuine affection
A. Trust
B. Autonomy
C. Initiative
D. Industry

Question 14. Christian develops an integral and coherent sense of self. He

seeks answers to the question. “Who am I” Which of the following is
Christian likely to develop
A. Initiative
B. Identity and Role Confusion
C. Intimacy
D. Autonomy

Question 15. Ms. Reyes uses images and language to represent and
understand her various lessons to preschool learners. What stage in the
cognitive theory of development explains this
A. Sensorimotor- reflexes
B. Preoperational- preschoolers represent the world symbolically
C. Concrete operation- ability to think logically but only in terms of concrete
object
D. Formal operation- thinking becomes more logical

Question 16. Connie develops concepts necessary for everyday living,

builds healthy attitudes towards oneself, and achieves personal
independence. These are among the attributes of an individual in what
particular stage
A. Infancy and early childhood
B. Middle childhood- personal independence
C. Adolescence
D. Early Adulthood

Question 17. Extremely high levels of activity or hyperactivity are

considered problematic. How may a teacher help a hyperactive child
A. Make him the leader of the class
B. Transfer him to another class
C. Give him challenging activities that are appropriate to his ability level and
interests.
D. Allow him to spend longer at the playground until he gets tired.

Question 18. Tessa gets jealous whenever she sees her father showing
love and affection to her mother. Which of the following is she showing
according to Freud
A. Complex
B. Phallic
C. Electra Complex
D. Oedipus Complex

Question 19. In Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development, which of the

following statements would illustrate Edward who is 11 years old
A. Able to see relationships and reason in the abstract.
B. Unable to break down a whole into separate parts.
C. Differentiates goals and goal-directed activities.
D. Experiments with methods to reach goals.

Question 20. Trisha goes with her mother to school. She enjoys the
workplace of her mother. Which of the following ecological theories is
illustrated by the situation
A. Microsystem
B. Mesosystem
C. Exosystem
D. Macrosystem

Question 21. Lito, a student at the secondary level tends to spend more
time with his friends and his family, thus, his behavior is greatly affected by
them. At which stage in the Pyschosocial Stages of Development does Lito
belong
A. Autonomous vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Identity vs. Role Confusion
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Initiative vs. Guilt

In the case of Lito, who spends more time with his friends and family, his behavior
being greatly affected by them suggests that he is in the stage of Initiative vs. Guilt.
This stage typically occurs during early childhood, between the ages of 3 and 6 years.

During this stage, children begin to explore and take initiative in their activities. They
develop a sense of independence and a desire to make decisions and take actions on
their own. They may engage in imaginative play, ask questions, and try new things.

Lito's behavior of spending time with friends and family indicates his desire to explore
social relationships and form connections with others. By interacting with his friends
and family, Lito is likely taking initiative in social situations, trying to understand social
roles and expectations, and developing a sense of guilt or responsibility when his
actions have unintended consequences.

Therefore, based on the information provided, Lito belongs to the stage of Initiative vs.
Guilt, where he is actively exploring his social environment and developing a sense of
personal initiative, while also experiencing the occasional guilt associated with his
actions.

Question 22. Anna believes that authority is respected. She is now at what
particular level in the moral development theory of Lawrence Kohlberg
A. Social contract- rules and laws represent agreements among people
B. Law and order orientation
C. Interpersonal concordance
D. Universal ethics orientation

Question 23. What level has a four-year-old learner like Maryann reached
when she acquired new skills such as putting the same shapes and the
same colors together
A. Development
B. Maturation
C. Zone of Proximal Development- arranging accordingly
D. Learning

Question 24. Which of the following principles can be the basis of the
growing realization of the significance of early childhood education
A. Young children are capable of doing many things at an early stage.
B. The child should be seen and should learn
C. The first five years of life are the formative years of the child.
D. Early childhood experiences can be interesting and challenging.

Question 25. Which of the following learner’s characteristics will affect

most of the learners learning in the academic class
A. His affective characteristics
B. His cognitive characteristics
C. His psychomotor characteristics
D. His socio-emotional characteristics

Question 26. Which of the following is true about human development

A. Human development considers both maturation and learning.
B. Development refers to the progressive series of changes of an orderly
coherent type toward the goal of maturity.
C. Development is the gradual and orderly unfolding of the characteristics of the
individuals as they go through the successive stages of growth.
D. All of the Above

Question 27. What do you call the quantitative increase in terms of height
and weight as observed by the school physician during the physical
examination of the students
A. Development
B. Growth
C. Learning
D. Maturation

Question 28. Mrs. Gomez conducts research on psychosocial domain

development. In what particular area of the child’s development is Mrs.
Gomez most likely to be interested
A. Perceptual abilities
B. Brain-wave patterns
C. Emotions
D. Use of language

Question 29. Which of the following is the correct order of psychosexual

stages proposed by Sigmund Freud
A. Oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage, genital stage
(Oranaphalage)-CLUE/MNEMONICS
B. Anal stage, oral stage, phallic stage, latency stage, genital stage
C. Oral stage, anal stage, genital stage, latency stage, phallic stage
D. Anal stage, oral stage, genital stage, latency stage, the phallic stage

Question 30. What is the best description of Erickson’s psychosocial

theory of human development
A. Eight crises all people are thought to lace- Erik Erikson 8 Stages
B. Four psychosocial stages in the latency period
C. The same number of stages as Freud’s, but with different names
D. A stage theory that is not psychoanalytic

Question 31. In Erickson’s theory, what is the unresolved crisis of an adult

who has difficulty establishing a secure, mutual relationship with a life
partner
A. Initiative vs. Guilt
B. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
C. Intimacy vs. Isolation
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Question 32. Allysa is eight years old, and although she understands some
logical principles, she still has trouble understanding hypothetical
concepts. According to Piaget, Allysa belongs to what particular stage of
cognitive development
A. Sensorimotor
B. Preoperational
C. Concrete operational
D. Formal operational

Question 33. Which of the following provides the best broad description of
the relationship between heredity and environment in determining height
A. Heredity is the primary influence, with the environment affecting development
only in severe situations.
B. Heredity and environment contribute equally to the development.
C. The environment is the major influence on physical characteristics.
D. Heredity directs the individual’s potential and the environment determines
whether and to what degree the individual reaches the potential.

Question 34. What is the correct sequence of prenatal stages of

development
A. Embryo, germinal, fetus
B. Germinal, fetus, embryo
C. Germinal, embryo, fetus
D. Embryo, fetus, germinal
Question 35. When a baby realized that a rubber duck that has fallen out of
the tub must be somewhere on the floor, he is likely to achieve what aspect
of cognitive development
A. Object permanence- Object permanence describes a child's ability to know
that objects continue to exist even though they can no longer be seen or heard.
B. Deferred imitation
C. Mental combination
D. Goal-directed behavior

Question 36. Which of the following will be Freud’s description of the

child’s behavior if he has a biting, sarcastic manner
A. Anally expulsive
B. Anally retentive
C. Fixated in the oral stage
D. Experiencing the crisis of trust vs. mistrust

Question 37. What is Freud’s idea about a young boy’s guilt feelings
brought about by jealousy of his father’s relationship with his mother
A. Electra complex
B. Oedipus complex
C. Phallic complex
D. Penis envy complex

Question 38. When a little girl says she wants her mother to go on vacation
so that she can marry her father, Freud believes that she is voicing a
fantasy consistent with
A. Oedipus complex
B. Electra complex
C. Theory of mind
D. Crisis of initiative vs. Guilt

Question 39. Which of the following can best describe the preschooler’s
readiness to learn a new task and play activities
A. Emerging competency and self-awareness
B. Theory of mind
C. Relationship with parents
D. Growing identification with words

Question 40. James noted that when the preschoolers eagerly begin many
new activities but are vulnerable to criticism and feelings of failure, they
are experiencing what particular crisis
A. Identity vs. Role confusion
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Basic trust vs. mistrust
D. Efficacy vs. Helplessness

Question 41. What stage of Piaget’s Cognitive Development does a person

belong to when he can understand specific logical ideas and apply them to
concrete problems
A. Preoperational thought
B. Operational thought
C. Create operational thought
D. Formal operational thought

Question 42. What is the best explanation of Piaget’s concrete operational

thought to describe the school-age child’s mental health ability
A. A child can reason logically about things and events he or she perceives.
B. A child’s ability to think about how he thinks.
C. Can understand that certain characteristics of an object remain the same
when other characteristics are changed.
D. Can understand that moral principles may supersede the standards of society.

Question 43. Elisa who is in between 9 and 11 years of age is most likely to
demonstrate moral reasoning at which Kohlberg’s stage
A. Pre-conventional
B. Conventional
C. Post-conventional
D. None of the above

Question 44. According to Kohlberg, a dutiful citizen who obeys the laws
set down by society is at which level of moral reasoning
A. Pre-conventional stage one
B. Pre-conventional stage two
C. Conventional
D. Post-conventional

Question 45. Ana, who is low-achieving, shy, and withdrawn, is rejected by

most of her peers. Her teacher wants to help Ana increase her self-esteem
and social acceptance. What can Ana’s teacher suggest to her parents
A. Transfer her to a different school
B. Help their daughter improve her motor skills
C. Help their daughter learn to accept more responsibility for her academic
failures
D. Help their daughter improve her skills in relating to peers.

Question 46. What is the most accurate definition of the puberty stage
A. Rapid physical growth that occurs during adolescence.
B. Stage when sexual maturation is attained.
C. Rapid physical growth and sexual maturation that ends childhood.
D. Stage when adolescents establish identities separate from their parents.

Question 47. Fifteen-year-old Marie is preoccupied with her “disgusting

appearance” and seems depressed most of the time. What is the best thing
her parents can do to help her get through this difficult time
A. Ignore her self-preoccupation because their attention would only reinforce it.
B. Encourage to “shape up” and not give in to self-pity.
C. Kid her about her appearance in the hope that she will see how silly she is
acting.
D. Offer practical advice, such as clothing suggestions, to improve her body
image.

Question 48. What can be the best comparison of the behavior of a 17-year-
old girl to that of her 13-year-old brother
A. She is more likely critical of herself.
B. She tends to be more egocentric.
C. She had less confidence in her abilities.
D. She is more capable of reasoning hypothetically.
Question 49. According to Erickson, what is the primary task of an
adolescent
A. To establish trust
B. To search for his identity
C. To be more intimate with others
D. To establish integrity

Question 50. What is the main source of emotional support for most young
people who are establishing independence from their parents
A. Older adolescents of the opposite sex
B. Older sibling
C. Teachers
D. Peer groups

CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT- 100 Items

1. The process by which certain potentials are inherited from the parents for his development
a. Life c. Heredity
b. Birth d. Character

2. This theory states that there are 8 basic development stages that the individual has to pass
through his life
a. Learning Theory
b. Psychoanalytic Theory
c. Psychosocial Theory
d. Cognitive Development

3. Transition age from childhood to adulthood where rapid physical changes and sex maturity
occur resulting in changes in ways of feelings, thinking and acting.
a. Puberty c. Early adulthood
b. Adolescence d. Stage V

4. Modifying an existing scheme after an individual’s interaction with the environment, resulting
in the creation of a new scheme.
a. Assimilation c. Recognition
b. Interaction d. Accommodation

5. Theory stating that a person’s behavior can be motivated by urges towards self-satisfaction.
a. Psychoanalytic Theory
b. Cognitive development theory
c. Psychosocial Theory
d. Moral development theory

6. The ability of a child to conceptualize the retention and preservation of the same quantity
under various changes.
a. Recognition c. Assimilation
b. Reversibility d. Conservation

7. Refers to the idea that no individual is exactly the same or alike.

a. Cognitive theory c. Individual differences
b. Exclusivity theory d. Emotional quotient

8. He is known as the Father of Modern I.Q. Test

a. Lewis Terman c. Laurence Kohlberg
b. Erick Erickson d. Martin Lesley

9. "Intellectual appreciative Experience" is …

a. base on the premise that all learning has emotional correlates
b. obtained in the field of music, art and literature X
c. the acquisition and retention of acts and information X
d. assumes that human activities are based on stimulus and response

10. These statements imply that children at the early learning stage consider parents and teachers
as authorities and models.
a. Parents and teachers should always coordinate children’s activities X
b. Parents should enforce strict discipline at home and teachers in school
c. Parents and teachers should be the role models at all times
d. Parents and teachers should always consult each other with regards the child’s intellectual
development

11. Any change in the behavior of an individual

a. Learning c. Change
b. Response d. Development

12. Which of the following principles IS NOT considered under Classical Conditioning by Ivan
Pavlov
a. Excitation
b. Adhesive Principle
c. Stimulus Generalization
d. None of the above

Classical conditioning, proposed by Ivan Pavlov, is a learning process in which an

association is formed between a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus to elicit
a conditioned response. It involves several principles, and all of the options listed are
actually considered under classical conditioning. Let me explain each of them briefly:

a. Excitation: This principle refers to the process of learning in classical conditioning,

where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus, leading to
a conditioned response. The conditioned response is elicited by the conditioned
stimulus alone after the association has been formed.
b. Adhesive Principle: This term is not commonly used in classical conditioning. It might
be a misnomer or a term that is not widely recognized in the field of psychology. It does
not represent a well-established principle within classical conditioning.

c. Stimulus Generalization: This principle states that once a conditioned response has
been learned, it can also be elicited by stimuli that are similar to the conditioned
stimulus. In other words, the conditioned response "generalizes" to similar stimuli.

Therefore, as all the options listed correspond to principles considered under classical
conditioning, the correct answer is D. None of the above, as none of the principles
mentioned are excluded from classical conditioning.

13. The reinforcement of a person’s responses by presentation or removal of rewards and

punishment.
a. Operant conditioning c. Feedback Principle
b. Transfer of learning d. Discipline

14. This stimulation of action best explains the behavior of an individual to take what he
perceives to be the shortest route to his goals.
a. Recognition c. Response
b. Assimilation d. Motivation

15. The process by which an individual acquires the social and cultural heritage of the society
where he belongs.
a. Socialization c. Integration
b. Internalization d. Acquisition

16. Philosophy of education’s main function.

a. Aid the leaner to build his own personal philosophy
b. Definition of goals and setting of directions from which education
c. Educations carries on a lifetime cycle X
d. Provision of academic background prerequisite to learning X
17. According to Froebel, kindergarten is also known as "____________
a. children have fun and enjoyment
b. Garden where children could grow
c. He learning Center for Life
d. Where new beginnings begin

18. Which of the following statements is given emphasis by "humanistic education "
a. The great works of man such as the classics should be enjoyed. X
b. Man should learn the different philosophies of education X
c. "Build a man who is distinctly civilized, educations and refined"
d. Develop man into a thinking individual

19. A teacher who advocates the pragmatic philosophy of education believes that experience
should follow learning, thus, she has to
a. require her student mastery of the lessons
b. encourage her students to memorize facts
c. equip her students with basic skills and abilities
d. provide her student with opportunities to apply their skills and abilities

20. How are institutions of learning encouraged to set higher standards over and above the
minimum requirement for state recognition
a. Scholastic achievement
b. Faculty development
c. Academic freedom
d. Voluntary accreditation

21. The period of physical, especially sexual, and mental maturation which is characterized by
rapid somatic growth is known as
a. infancy c. puberty
b. early childhood d. adulthood

22. Claustrophobia is an irrational fear of

a. Darkness c. closed space
b. strangers d. height

23. An eye defect characterized by clear vision in one dimension but unfocused vision on the
other is called
a. myopia c. hyperopia
b. astigmatism d. presbyopia

24. Which of the following statements does not apply to adolescents

a. they desire the approval of their peers
b. they seek dependence on their parents
c. they have a marked sex development
d. none of the above
25. As young people mature; society expects them to develop competencies and assume social
roles in a conventional manner.
a. expectation of parents
b. influence of peers’ groups
c. influence of formal education
d. cultural demands

26. The founder of the theory of psychology called psychoanalysis was

a. Lock c. Freud
b. Hume d. Leibnitz

27. When the learner reaches a point where no further improvement can be expected, he is in a
so-called
a. development crisis c. regression
b. learning plateau d. depression

28. Regarding the sexual maturation of boys and girls, teachers should bear in mind that:
a. girls mature at a late stage than boys
b. girls mature at an earlier stage than boys
c. boys and girls mature at the same time
d. there are no marked differences in their time of maturity

29. Rationalization is used by student who

a. always gives explanation or reason for their failures rather than own their faults
b. like to take the blame for their faults
c. bribe their elders with promises
d. substitute words for deeds

30. Which of the following is true of Abnormal Psychology

a. it studies the cause of personality defects
b. it measures the accomplishments of the individual
c. it concentrates on the scholastic performance of the individual
d. it investigates the educational background of the individual

31. Which of the following is a continuous variable

a. weight c. nationality
b. sex d. race

A continuous variable is a type of quantitative variable that can take any value within a
certain range or interval. Weight is a continuous variable because it can be measured on
a continuous scale and can take any value within a given range. For example, someone's
weight can be 50 kg, 73.5 kg, or 95.2 kg, and it can also include decimal values.

On the other hand, nationality (c), sex (b), and race (d) are not continuous variables.
c. Nationality is a categorical variable that represents a person's country of origin or
citizenship. It is not measured on a numerical scale but rather as distinct categories like
"American," "Chinese," or "Australian."

b. Sex is a categorical variable that represents a person's biological sex and is typically
categorized as either male or female.

d. Race is also a categorical variable that categorizes individuals into different racial or
ethnic groups, such as "White," "Black," "Asian," or "Hispanic."

In summary, weight (a) is the only variable among the options provided that can be
considered a continuous variable

32. Which of the following is true about one’s IQ

a. it remains fairly constant
b. it is highly changeable
c. it is affected by attitude
d. it is never constant

33. Transfer of training easily takes place if the activities involved

a. Are different
b. Have identical element
c. Occur in the same place
d. Vary in difficulty

34. When the learner is well-motivated, he performs his task

a. with indifference c. with arrogance
b. with disinterest d. with enthusiasm

35. A six-year-old child who has a mental age of eight years has an IQ of
a. 120 b. 130 c. 132 d. 133

36. The ratio obtained by dividing mental age by chronological age times 100 is called
a. derived quotient
b. deviation
c. intelligence quotient or IQ
d. intelligence ratio

37. Which of the following was written by Plato

a. Sic et Non c. The Republic
b. The School and Society d. Emile
The Republic is about justice. In this dialogue, Plato undertakes to show what justice is and why
it is in each person's best interest to be just, and he does so in both an ethical and a political
context.

38. Who among those below asserted that "Education is for complete living"
a. Dewey c. Kant
b. Spencer d. Froebel

39. The right of an educational institution and its faculty to prescribe the methods/strategies of
teaching refers to:
a. building style
b. choice of curriculum
c. academic freedom
d. co and extracurricular program

40. The 1987 Constitution provides that religious institution can be given
a. with the students’ consent
b. with the parent/guardian approval
c. with mayor’s permit
d. with the school’s support

41. Public schools in the Philippines are the contribution of which colonizer
a. American c. Japanese
b. British d. Spanish

42. Hardship allowance is given to a teacher when

a. he’s assigned in a depressed area
b. he’s given additional teaching load
c. he’s in lahar area
d. he’s assigned in a hazardous area

43. The ability for quantitative learning of the relations of facts taken from newspaper readings,
letter writing and the like is called:
a. functional literacy c. Knowledge outcome
b. adjustment learning d. social competence

44. A teacher who gives a uniform assignment to be worked out by all learners in Arithmetic is
not observing a characteristic of a good assignment. Which characteristic is overlooked
a. It should be definite
b. It should be stimulating
c. It should emphasize the essential
d. It should provide for individual differences

45. If a student asks a question which the teacher does not have a ready answer, the latter should:
a. dismiss the question as irrelevant
b. offers a bluff
c. admit the fact that he doesn’t know the answer
d. ask volunteers to answer the question and do research on it later.

46. The heredity traits acquired by a person in his lifetime;

a. are transmissible to his offspring
b. reappear in his future grandparent
c. Have no influence on the offspring
d. Become recessive traits

47. When student is given a chance to settle differences of opinion by discussion, they develop:
a. fair play c. irritants
b. tolerance d. sociability

48. The school’s responsibility towards teenagers "gang age" is:

a. provide the gang all the freedom it needs
b. gives classroom activities to give direction to out-of-school youth activities
c. supervise gang activities
d. set up norms of conduct or the member of the gang

49. In an intelligence test, a 13-year-old girl got a score equivalent to that of a 15-year old. This
means:
a. that the girl must be accelerated
b. that the girl is 2-years older mentally
c. that the girl has a chronological age of 15
d. that she has a mental age of 13

50. Which statement is not necessary to achieve the learner’s interest in a learning activity
a. the activity must lead to a practical end
b. the activity must be within the ability of the learner
c. the activity must fill a need recognized by the learner
d. the learner must have the experience that will furnish the background for the activity

51. He is responsible for the theory which recognizes the importance of developing multiple
intelligence
a. Jean Piaget c. Frederick Freobel
b. Howard Gardner d. Sigmund Freud

52. The need to recognize and develop special sensitivity to language, thus helping the learners
to use the right word, phrase and/ or graph to grasp new meaning refers to
a. visual intelligence c. feelings sensitivity
b. linguistic intelligence d. jargon

53. The sensitivity to tone and pitch, allowing one to produce musical scoring is intelligence in
a. musical c. quantitative exercises
b. verbal ability d. qualitative analysis
54. One’s ability to do abstract reasoning and manipulate symbols refers to what type of
intelligence
a. musical
b. personality identification
c. mental ability
d. mathematical-logical

55. The ability to perceive how objects are related in order to mentally perceive what is seen,
thus creating concrete visual images from memory refers to
a. visual-spatial intelligence
b. musical
c. language
d. logical reasoning

56. The capacity to analyze one’s feelings and thus be able to understand and be able to know the
motives of other people’s actions.
a. spatial c. logical
b. personal d. diametric

57. The type of intelligence which enables a person to understand other person’s feelings,
behavior and motivation.
a. emotional c. social intelligence
b. spatial d. quantitative and qualitative

58. The type of intelligence which characterizes actress, actors, mimes, dancers and people of the
Arts
a. bodily-kinesthetic c. research
b. scientific d. emotions

59. An emerging thrust in determining one’s personality, whether pleasant or unwholesome, this
type of personality measurement is the wholesomeness of one’s virtues, i.e., values, relationships
with other, adjustments to varying situations, behavior and motivations
a. emotional quotient (E.Q.)
b. intelligence quotient (I.Q.)
c. maladjustment personality
d. anticipated behavior

60. It is a measurement of personality which is the result by dividing the mental age by the
chronological age.
a. emotional quotient (E.Q.)
b. intelligence quotient (I.Q.)
c. multiple Intelligence
d. forecasted behavior quotient
61. The teacher must be aware that both heredity and environment represent complex factors,
exerting many specific influences on an individual’s growth. Which of the following statements
best represents the influence of heredity and environment
a. Heredity counts; environment is less important.
b. If the environment is changed, heredity becomes less important.
c. The relative influences of heredity and environment can vary widely in an individual’s growth.
d. In the long run, both tend to cancel each other’s influences
e. None of the above

62. The best possible way to measure the influence of heredity is by:
a. keeping the environment constant.
b. Ignoring the environment
c. Studying only fraternal o normal capability
d. Studying only identical twins of normal capability
e. Doing none of the above

63. Educators who contributed to the "open education" movement includes:

a. Neill and piaget c. Bruner and Silberman
b. Kohl and kozol d. All of the above

64. A child’s social skills can be measured by:

a. direct observation and parent-teacher conferences
b. psychological test
c. adaptive behavior scales
d. A and C above

65. A teacher uses behavioral modification techniques in his classes. Which of the following
student behaviors would he find most difficult to change
a. Aggressive tendencies toward classmates
b. Poor habits in organizing work materials
c. Interrupting a speaker
d. Abandoning a project before it is finished

66. Learning-disabled children most characteristically have:

a. low IQ
b. poor socio-economic backgrounds
c. an average level of intelligence
d. minimal brain damage

67. Which of the following is true about educable mentally retarded children
a. Their IQ range between 50 and 70
b. They have short attention spans and experience difficulty in generalizing
c. Their reading, writing, and arithmetic skills cannot be improved
d. A and B above

68. Which of the following is characteristics of a dyslexic child

a. Mirror writing
b. listlessness
c. Below-average intelligence
d. Hyperactivity

69. Primary reading retardation is presumed to be neurologically based, related to parietal lobe
dysfunction
a. Inability to relate sound to letter symbols
b. Inadequate auditory information processing
c. Left-right directional confusion
d. Speech aphasia

70. Students with secondary reading problems have capacity to read, but are non-readers because
of:
a. auditory problems
b. congenital defects
c. visual-acuity impairment
d. environmental or emotional actors

71. If a teacher accepts Maslow’s theory on the hierarchy of needs, he or she will probably
structure objectives to:
a. meet both the physiological and intellectual needs of students
b. eliminate testing
c. eliminate extrinsic motivations
d. maintain a certain anxiety level for increased competition

72. The knowledge explosion has led to crowding more and more information into curriculum
courses. A likely result is that:
a. the textbook will no longer be the main instructional medium in many classes
b. the child may spend more time in school
c. the teacher may have to rely more on the set of multimedia materials
d. all of the above

73. During the learning process the teacher has most control over:
a. the learners
b. the learning environment
c. the learning process
d. the behavior of the learners

74. Which of the following conditions does NOT contribute to a climate psychologically suited
to learning
a. The teacher acts like a "real person."
b. The teacher makes all of the decisions about students’ learning activities.
c. The teacher accepts students as they are
d. The teacher shows trust in students’ decisions
75. William Glasser advocates the frequent use of classroom meetings, with teacher and students
sitting in a small circle. Which one of the following types of discussion would NOT be
appropriate in such a setting
a. An educational-diagnostic conference on the learning weaknesses of individual students.
b. An open-ended meeting for the purpose of exploring and discussing student’s ideas about the
curriculum
c. A social-problem-solving meeting to resolve teacher or student problems relating to the
school, the class, or any individual member.
d. A sensitivity-training meeting for the purpose of helping students ace their school-related
problems and learn how their actions can affect others

76. Which of the following does NOT represent a teacher’s contribution to the emotional
environment of the classroom
a. A strident, compelling voice.
b. A sustained sense of expectation where student achievement is concerned
c. A well-written lesson plan
d. A sense of humor in a tense situation

77. According to Jones, student commitment to accomplishing a learning goal depends on all of
the following EXCEPT:
a. how interesting the goal is
b. how likely it seems that the goal can be accomplished
c. what degree of challenge the goal presents
d. whether the learner will be able to tell if the goal has been accomplished
e. whether materials are ready assembled for undertaking the goal

78. The teacher who understands the adolescent’s need to conform will:
a. use sarcasm as a disciplinary device
b. disregard unique responses in discussion and on examinations
c. establish a learning climate that fosters feelings of security
d. lecture students on their weakness o character

79. The best public relations agents for a school are the:
a. pupils c. PTA members
b. Teachers and pupils d. principals

80. The structured curriculum is in decided contrast to the child-centered curriculum, which:
a. emphasizes fundamental education
b. is changeable and is built around student interest and needs
c. is oriented to the needs of a democratic society.
d. Utilizes the theory of mental discipline

81. According to Bruner, teacher working with young children should

a. Push the children to maximum cognitive development as rapidly as possible
b. Present all information verbally so the children will listen well
c. Present new material from the concrete to the abstract
d. Present new information from the abstract to the concrete

82. from the educational viewpoint, intelligence is:

a. an abstract concept
b. a trait that can be manipulated
c. good judgment
d. a form of behavior

83. Every taxonomy of educational objectives:

a. describes increasingly difficult learning activities
b. describes levels of goals for learner development
c. suggest evaluation measure for teacher use
d. Classifies learning outcomes

84. A mathematics teacher following Gagne’s theory of learning believes that:

a. learning can take place under all conditions
b. learning is mainly a matter of accurate discrimination
c. learning takes place only when the student is in a receptive state
d. learning is reinforced chiefly by classical conditioning

85. Under which of the following conditions is a child’s IQ more likely to increase
a. If the emotional climate in the classroom improves
b. If the child is given a large "research" project.
c. If the child enjoys problem solving and is given ample opportunity for it
d. If A and C are true

86. Intelligence is the basis of education. Education is the effective means for national
development; hence, a country spends a large portion of its budget for the systematic training of
the learner to attain full development. Why is education one major concern of every country
Because
a. intelligence has many facets
b. intelligence is useful in testing
c. intelligence is a safe gauge for budgetary allocation
d. intelligence test when carefully conducted, can help in determining need for future
facilities for national building

87. There are no two individuals who are the same. Individual differences, when early recognize
and provided for, enable the teacher to provide different motivations and approaches in guiding
the learning process. Each pupil differs physically, mentally, socially and emotionally from other
children. Unless the teacher provides for this nature of the learner, no number of modern
approaches in teaching can elicit favorable results.
a. The paragraph highlights the need or motivating learning
b. Individual differences is an important consideration in guiding the learner
c. The above paragraph focuses on teacher-pupil relationship
d. It takes about the nature of the learning process
88. Robert Craig, et al, wrote of the phase of steps in every learning process. These include: 1.)
the focusing of attention to the stimulation at hand, 2.) the interplay of the learner and the social
factors that surround him, 3.) the acquisition of a new response or behavior he gives to the new
learning and 4.) Retention which presupposes that the new learning is acquired. The above
paragraph emphasizes
a. the learning process
b. the steps/phase of how individuals learn
c. the manifestations of learning
d. why learning is a difficult process

89. Approaches in teaching change from time to time depending on the traditional of
sophistication attached to the course being taught. Some mentors believe that the tie tested ways
to teaching is effective. Other are easily carried away to use modern approaches in imparting
new subject matter. It may be safe to conclude that once results are realized in teaching, no
specific method can be considered the one-and-only method to use. When teaching a subject
area, it is safe to
a. stick to the traditional way
b. be modern and most recent
c. get results in teaching
d. to try any method as they are all theories after all

90. In the early 1980’s programmed teaching became popular in helping teachers to provide for
individual differences in learners. The chunks of the subject matter which are divided into units
are supposed to help the learner master the lesson, since it is simply to understand the frame of
the lessons. No test o mastery of the units are done because the purpose is to provide information
on certain subject matter Would you as a teacher use programmed instruction if you handle a
subject on Values Education
a. yes, definitely
b. no, not important for the subject matter
c. I don’t know
d. Why not if the subject matter calls for it

91. The data/subject matter to teach are gathered in different ways, These include historical
sources like surveys, systematic observations, experimentation, interviews, etc. to be reliable and
valid, the data collected must be organized, properly analyzed and interpreted. From these
processes, some conclusion or generalization are done to reveal certain relationships like cause &
effect. Data gathering involves:
a. tedious and serious study
b. easy does it
c. data gathered are tested and filed, then verified before being used
d. no follow-up needed

92. Heredity and environment play important roles in the function of human beings. DNA or
Deoxyribonucleic Acid is the biological (heredity) band of our genes. Our environment includes
the house, school and the community where we live. Whether we become successful or a failure
will depend on the interplay of both nature and nurture. If heredity and environment affect the
individual, thus, we can conclude that
a. both actors play equal roes in one’s life
b. one factor, either heredity or environment exerts more influence than the other
c. neither factor is important
d. nurture and nature are the same

93. The first systematic philosopher to work in the field of education was
a. Socrates c. Plato
b. Aristotle d. Rousseau

94. The first state in the world’s history where all human capabilities were allowed to develop
freely
a. Rome c. Sparta
b. Athens d. Germany

95. They are the most practical, pragmatic people who absorbed themselves in the management
of their state affairs
a. Spartans c. Romans
b. Athens d. Chinese

96. Invented the first system of writing in the orient

a. Phoenicians c. Greeks
b. Chinese d. Romans

97. first to introduce the use of printing press in the Philippines

a. Romans c. Greeks
b. Chinese d. Japanese

98. conducted the world’s first civil service test

a. Greeks c. Chinese
b. Romans d. English

99. To develop the capacity of man only for war was the educational aim of the ancient
a. Romans c. Athenians
b. Spartans d. Chinese

100. To produce a young man who would be charming in person and graceful in manner, e.g. a
beautiful soul in a beautiful body is the educational aim of education of the
a. Romans c. Spartans
b. Athens d. Italians
 CHILD AND ADOLESCENT 50 ITEMS
1. Modelling is a teaching activity rooted on _____________ learning theory.
a. Skinner
b. Bruner
c. Thorndike
d. Bandura

2. Who among the following developed the Social Learning Theory

a. Bruner
b. Kohlberg
c. Bandura
d. Skinner

Albert Bandura developed the Social Learning Theory and advocated that
"children learns from what they see in the environment".

3. Based on Freud's theory; which operates when a person is in the height of anger
a. Id and ego
b. Id
c. Superego
d. Ego

Id operates on the "pleasure" principle and is responsible for a person’s

animalistic rage.

4. Laughing at a two-year-old child who uttered a bad word is not a proper thing to do
because in this stage of the child's life, the child is _______________________.
a. Distinguishing right from wrong
b. considering the views of others
c. Socializing
d. distinguishing sex differences

5. _______________ refers to quantitative changes in an individual as he progresses in

chronological age.
a. Development
b. Proximodistal
c. Growth
d.  Cephalocaudal

6. The teachers' widely accepted view of giving rewards to students is the legacy of
a. Dewey
b. Skinner
c. Kounin
d. Bruner
7. He introduced the notion of zone of proximal development and "scaffolding"
a. Vygotsky
b. Rubenstein
c. Chomsky
d.  Tyler

8. A student is finding it hard to read. When the guidance counselor traced the child's
history, the counselor was able to find out that the student came from a dysfunctional
family aside from that, the child was abused and neglected. What could have caused the
student’s reading disability
a. Neurological factors
b. Poor teaching
c. Emotional factors
d. Immaturity

Reading disability was found to be related with emotional factors.

Therefore, a child who is neglected and abused has a higher chance of
having difficulty gaining reading skills.

9. According to Maslow, the highest of the need in the Hierarchy of Needs theory is
a. psychological need
b. self-actualization
c. safety
d. belongingness

10. "The child learns from what he sees in the environment" is the main thesis of this famous
educational psychologist
a. Koffka
b. Locke
c. Skinner
d. Bandura

11. ______________ is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social

interaction and communication and by restricted and repetitive behavior
a. autism
b. mental retardation
c. Physical Disabilities
d. ADHD

12. Providing variety of learning activities to students is a characteristic of a teacher

understand the principle of
a. proactive teaching as a modern technique of teaching
b. allowing the student to be exposed to various teaching techniques
c. reward as a potential means of increasing the participation
d. facilitating learning with emphasis on individual differences

13. The Father of modern psychology

a. Alfred Binet
b. Aristotle
c. Carl Jung
d. Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud is considered the father of modern psychology. He is also

famous for his Psychosexual Theory of Development

14. A child was punished for cheating in an exam. For sure the child wont cheat again in
short span of time, but this does not guarantee that the child won't cheat ever again. Based
on Thorndike's theory on punishment and learning. This shows that
__________________________
a. Punishment doesn't remove a response
b. Punishment removes response
c. Punishment strengthens a response
d. Punishment weakens a response

Punishment does not permanently remove a response from a child's

response of behavior, instead it only weakens it.

15. In Piaget's concrete operational stage, teacher Maritel should provide _____________
a. Stimulating environment with ample objects to play with
b. Activities for evaluation purposes
c. Learning activities that involve problems of classification and order
d. Activities for hypothesis formulation

A child in the concrete operational stage (age 7-11) needs skills in

classification and order which requires appropriate use of logic

16. He is generally considered as the father of modern education

a. Hagel
b. Aristotle
c. Comenius
d. Collins
17. Operant conditioning can be applied to classroom by
a. connecting facts and concepts
b. using manipulative devices
c. using reinforcement
d. fostering conducive learning environment

Use of reinforcement is the classic characteristic of operant conditioning

advocated by BF skinner

18. This educator opposes the traditional notion that students are empty vessels. He calls this
traditional technique as banking system
a. Locke
b. Rousseau
c. Herbart
d. Freire

19. This educator is famous for applying classical education to impoverished children of
Chicago Illinois.
a. Collins
b. Piaget
c. Montessori
d. Froebel

20. The inventor of the first usable intelligence test

a. Piaget
b. Skinner
c. Binet
d. Freud

21. A child receives a STAR STAMP after correctly completing his task. The child always
tries to complete all tasks correctly for him to have a stamp once again. What is being
shown in the situation
a. Operant conditioning
b. Associative learning
c. Pavlovian conditioning
d. Classical conditioning

22. This condition is also known as trisomy 21

a. Autism
b. Turner Syndrome
c. Down Syndrome
d. Patau Syndrome

23. This condition is characterized by poor spelling and pervasive difficulty in reading
a. autism
b. savant
c. mental retardation
d. dyslexia

24. He pioneered in coming up with a list of developmental task as individuals pass through
the developmental stages
a. Herbart
b. Havighurst
c. Anastasi
d. Hurlock

25. According to Sigmund Freud, the main proponent of Psychoanalytic Theory, the subject
mainly concerned with
a. The idea of right and wrong
b. The resolution of conflict
c. The development of healthy psyche
d. The finding of greater satisfaction

Superego which operates on the idea of right and wrong acts like a
"conscience" and is therefore always negates with the “id ”which operates
on the "pleasure-seeking’ aspects of psyche.

26. He pioneered in the study of language acquisition of children

a. Rousseau
b. Chomsky
c. Locke
d. Freire

27. The best example of Operant Conditioning among the following is

a. using reinforcement
b. using manipulative devices
c. connecting facts and concepts
d. fostering conducive learning environment

28. One of main proponent of Gestalt and who believes that the whole is more than the sum
of all its parts
a. Bruner
b. Lewin
c. Thorndike
d. Wertheimer

29. According to this theorist, our behavior at a particular time is a product of the interaction
of two factors, internal and external forces
a. Locke
b. Jung
c. Lewin
 d. Wertheimer

30. One of the traits of many students is putting more emphasis on "porma" over substance.
This is likely to be shown when
a. a written report was submitted by a student two days late
b. a written report was submitted by a student two days ahead of time
c. a written report was submitted by a student with shabby cover but comprehensive content
d. a written report was submitted by a student using "perfumed" stationary but poor content

Students who focus more on the outside appearance of report rather than
the content of the report is guilty of the negative trait known as “porma over
substance”

31. His best contribution to the world of education is the 3 laws (law of effect, law or
readiness and law of exercise)
a. Bandura
b. Rousseau
c. Thorndike
d. Pavlov

32. "Women should not study since they will be marrying soon". If a father tells his daughter
this, can we consider his premise morally right
a. depends on the family's social status
b. no, women can perform just like men
c. yes, women are mean for the home
d. no, there is gender equality in education

33. According to Jerome Bruner, learning is a simultaneous process of acquisition,

transformation and ______________.
a. evaluation
b. question
c. education
d. metacognition

Jerome Bruner postulated that learning is a simultaneous process of acquisition,

transformation and evaluation.

34. He is postulated that man’s psyche is composed of animus and the anima
a. Cattell
b. Karen Homey
c. William James
d. Carl Jung

35. He is considered as the first special education student

a. The hunchback of Sparta
b. Tarzan of the Jungle
 c. The court jester "
d. Victor of Aveyron

Victor of Aveyron was found wandering in a small village near the forest of
Aveyron (France) and is considered the first recipient of the Special Education

36. According to Erikson, identity and role confusion occurs during

a. college years
b. preschool years
c. high school years
d. elementary years

According to Erikson, during high school a person is faced with the dilemma of
finding his/her identity.

37. When a teacher present a morally ambiguous situation to his students and ask them what
to do, the teacher's technique is based on the theory of
a. Piaget
b. Bruner
c. Kohlberg
d. Bandura

Kohlberg developed the Moral development theory and pioneered in the use of
moral dilemma technique

38. This particular theorist believes that the mind is blank at birth
a. Binet
b. Locke
c. Skinner
d. Allport

39. Kindergarten movement is the legacy of this man who is considered the father of
kindergarten
a. Montessori
b. Collins
c. Pestalozzi
d. Froebel

40. _________________ refers to progressive series of changes of an orderly coherent type

leading to the individual's maturation.
a. Development
b. Growth
c. Proximodistal
d. Cephalocaudal
41. A child submitted a poor written report but packaged with brightly colored paper cover.
This showcases
a. "porma over substance"
b. "substance over porma"
c. art over academics
d. art over science

42. Certain injury to the language area of the brain can cause the total loss of the ability to
produce and/or understand language, this condition is known as
a. aspergers
b. aphasia
c. dyslexia
d. mutism

43. Teacher Marrissa would like to employ Operant Conditioning on her students to increase
the probabilities of greater participation during discussion. It is highly possible that
teacher Marrissa will
a. put more emphasis on sharing and consistently guide them to new ideas
b. allow them to think about thinking
c. give a star token to those who will participate
d. let them exercise metacognitive approaches to better understand the topic

44. He proposed that every child is born with a unique potential, his Individuality, but that
this potential remained unfulfilled until it was analyzed and transformed by education
a. Lewin
b. Herbart
c. Havighurst
d. Kohler

45. He once said : "education is not a preparation for life… it is life.”

a. Skinner
b. Dewey
c. Havighurst
d. Montessori

46. This premier behaviorist once said: Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and
my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random
and train him to become any type of specialist I might select — doctor, lawyer, artist,
merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants,
tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors"
a. Erikson
b. Bandura
c. Rogers
d. Watson

47. He pioneered in NON-DIRECTIVE Counseling.

a. Carl Rogers
b. Rousseau
c. Thomas Gordon
d. Erik Erikson

48. According to this developmental psychologist, children's thinking skills move from
simplicity to complexity
a. Bandura
b. Thorndike
c. Freud
d. Piaget

49. He believes that learning is based on Adhesive principle

a. Kohler
b. Dewey
c. Koffka
d. Pavlov

50. This educator proposed 3 modes of representation, enactive, iconic and symbolic
a. Kohler
b. Bandura
c. Bruner
d. Kounin