Power Sector Assets & Liabilities Management Corporation Vs Commission On Audit, G.R. No. 213425, April 27, 2021

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Power Sector Assets & Liabilities Management Corp Vs Commission on Audit, G.R. No.

213425, April 27, 2021

M. Lopez, M. J:

Facts:
PSALM Corporation requested the respective concurrences of COA and OGCC to the engagement of Mr. Yeap and
Atty. Tantoco as its legal advisors on the privatization of the generation assets and IPP contracts of the National
Power Corporation. The engagement was for a period of 6 months. The letters also stated that: a) the legal services
to be provided by these consultants shall not involve handling of cases and representation in court as the same
pertain to the OGCC; and b) the engagement of these consultants is necessary to the implementation of PSALM's
mandate to privatize under Republic Act No. 9136 (RA 9136) or the Electric Power Industry Reform Act (EPIRA) of
2001.

Issue:
Whether or not, the principle of equal protection violated by the difference in treatment between NGAs and
GOCCs.

Ruling/Held:
No.The principle of equal protection was not violated when some GOCCs were allegedly allowed to use
certifications as supporting documents for EME reimbursements. Neither does the difference in treatment
between NGAs and GOCCs violate such principle.

For one, PSALM did not adduce evidence to support the truth and veracity of this allegation. At any rate, unless
there is a showing of an intentional or arbitrary discrimination, the Auditor's alleged failure to enforce COA Circular
No. 2006-001 upon certain GOCCs would not prove a violation of the equal protection clause. Such omission on the
part of the State's agent, if at all, is of no controlling significance to the valid implementation of the circular to all
GOCCs because the State cannot be estopped by the omission, mistake or error of its officials or agents; it cannot
be barred from correcting a public officer's mistake or erroneous application of a law. Besides, an unlawful and
irregular act cannot be legitimized by mere continuous practice, nor can it give rise to a vested right.

Moreover, there exists a substantial distinction between officials of NGAs and the officials of GOCCs, GFIs and their
subsidiaries which justify the peculiarity in regulation. Since the EME of GOCCs, GFIs and their subsidiaries, are,
pursuant to law, allocated by their own internal governing boards, as opposed to the EME of NGAs which are
appropriated in the annual GAA duly enacted by Congress, there is a perceivable rational impetus for the COA to
impose nuanced control measures to check if the EME disbursements of GOCCs, GFIs and their subsidiaries
constitute irregular, unnecessary, excessive, extravagant, or unconscionable government expenditures. The
difference in treatment is a COA policy intended to address the disparity in EME disbursement autonomy of the
NGAs and GOCCs. Hence, in due deference to the COA's constitutional prerogatives, the Court, absent any
semblance of grave abuse of discretion in this case, respects the regulation.

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