Bank Math

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June 22, 2016 পড়ােলখা 8,482 Views
িবগত সােল িবিভ সরকাির ব াংেক িলিখত পরী ায় আসা গিণত ে র ব াখা সহ
সমাধান
www.bcsourgoal.com.bd
BANGLADESH BANK OFFICER 2001
A trade where selling an item was asking for such a price that would enable him to offer a 10% discount
and still make a profit of 20%. If the cost of the product was tk 50, what was his asking price?
Solution:
If the cost price was 50tk then @20% profit selling price is = 50 ✛ 50 ✕20/100 = 60tk
@ 10% discount
If the selling price is 90 then asking price is 100
If the selling price is 1 then asking price is 100/90
If the selling price is 60 then asking price is (100 ✕ 60)/90 = 66.67 Ans.
Mr. X pays 10% tax on all income over 60000tk but he does not pay any tax on interest on postal saving
certificate. In 2000 he paid 7500 as tax & he earned 12000 as interest on postal savings account. What is
his net income in 2000?
Solution:
Mr. X gives 10% taxes upon his income, so,
If tax is 10tk then income is 100tk
If tax is 7500tk the income is (100 ✕ 7500)/10 = 75000tk
His total income in 2000 = 75000 ✛ 60000 ✛ 12000 = 147000tk
So, his net income in 2000 is = 147000 – 7500 = 139500tk Ans.
A candidate answered all 22q in a test & received 63.5 marks. If the total marks were derived by adding
3.5 marks each correct answer and deducting 1 mark for each incorrect answer, how many q did the
student answer correctly?
Solution:
Let, no. of correct answer = x, so incorrect answer = 22 – x
3.5x – 1 ✕ (22 – x) = 63.5
Or, 3.5x – 22 ✛ x = 63.5
Or, 4.5x = 63.5 ✛ 22 = 85.5
Or, x = 85.5/4.5 = 19
So, correct answer was 19 Ans.
In an organization 30% of all employees live over 10miles away from the place of work & 60% of worker
who live who live over 10miles use company transport. If 40% of employees of the company use
company transport, what percent of the employees live 10miles or less from work and use company
transport?
Solution:
Let total employees = 100, employees live over 10 miles = 30
So, employees live in 10 mile or less = 100 – 30 = 70
Total 40% or 40 employees use transport
Now, employees live over 10miles using transport = 60% of 30 = (60 ✕30)/100 = 18
So, employees live in 10miles or less using transport = 40 – 18 = 22
Here, total 70 employee live in 10miles or less and among them 22 use company transport
So, percentage of using transport of employee who live in 10miles or less = (22 ✕ 100)/70 = 31 ✕ 3/7%
Ans.
Mr. Reach sold two properties P1 & P2 for tk 50000 each. He sold property P1 for 20% more then what
he paid for it & sold P2 less than 20% what he paid for it. What was his total gain or loss, if any, on the
scale of two properties?
Solution:
In case of P1 @ 20% profit
If selling price is 120tk then buying price 100tk
If selling price is 50000tk then cost price = (50000 ✕ 100)/120 = 500000/12 tk = 125000/3
In case of P2 @ 20% loss
If selling price is 80tk then buying price 100tk
If selling price is 50000tk then cost price = (50000 ✕ 100)/80 = 62500tk
Now, total sell price = 50000 ✕ 2 = 100000tk
Total cost price = 125000/3 ✛ 62500 = 312500/3 = 104166.67tk
So, loss = 104166.67 – 100000 = 4166.67tk Ans.
Mr. X has a investable amount of tk 100000, he will invest the amount for two years. He has two
options. He can invest at simple interest rate of 12% per annum, alternatively he can invest at
compound rate of 10% (semi annually). Calculate the earnings at two option and advice him.
Solution:
At 12% simple interest, Mr. X can get = (12 ✕ 100000 ✕ 2)/100 [formula, I = rpt/100]
= 24000tk
At 10% compound amount = 100000(1✛5/100)^4, [formula, CA = P(1✛r/100)^t](t =2 ✕ 2 = 4 and r =
10/2 = 5% because of rate is applied semi annually)
= 121550.6tk
So, compound interest = 121550.6 – 100000 = 21550.6tk
So, simple interest is better option for Mr. X Ans.
BANGLADESH BANK AD 2002
A total of 50 employees work in a bank branch of these 22 have taken the accounting course, 15 have
taken finance, 14 marketing, 9 of them taken exactly 2 of the courses, 1 of them has taken all. How
many of the 50 employees have taken none of the course?
Solution:
Here, one of the employees has taken all of the courses
Nine of the employees have taken exactly 2 of the courses
Number of employee have taken only Accounting = 22 – (9 ✛ 1) = 12
Numbers of employee have taken only Finance = 15 – (9 ✛ 1) = 5
Numbers of employee have taken only Marketing = 14 – 1 = 13
Numbers of total employee have taken at least one course = 12 ✛ 5 ✛ 13✛ 9 ✛ 1 = 40
So, employees who have not taken any course = 50 – 40 = 10 Ans
Mr. X, a sales person earns 5% commission on all sales between Tk.20000 and 40000 and 8% on all sales
exceeding Tk.40000 in a month. He does not earn any commission if sales in a month amount to less
than Tk. 20000. His monthly salary is Tk.60000, he has to pay tax 20% tax on his basic salary, but no tax
on commission, in April 2001,the total net income (salary ✛ commission) of the sales person was Tk
65000. How much were the sales in April?
Solution:
Tax on salary = 60000 ✕ 20% = 12000
Net salary = 60000 – 12000 = 48000
So, commission found in April = 65000 – 48000 = 17000
Let the sales in April = x
According to the Question,
40000 ✕ 5% ✛ (x – 40000) ✕ 8% = 17000
Or, 2000 ✛ 0.08x – 3200 = 17000
Or, 0.08x – 1200 = 17000
Or, 0.08x = 18200
Or, x = 227500
So, the sales in April = Tk. 227500 Ans
A trader sells on an average 18 pencils and 12 pens per day. The profit comes from pencil is 1/3rd of the
profit made from selling a pen. If he makes profits of tk 900 in a month by selling pencils, how much
profit does he make per month by selling pens? The trader sells 30ds in a month.
Solution:
Let, Profit from 1 pen = x tk
So, in a month he gets profit = 12 ✕ 30 ✕ x = 360x tk.
Again, profit from 1 pencil = x/3 tk
Then monthly profit = 18 ✕ 30 ✕ x/3 = 540x/3 = 180x tk.
According to ques. 180x = 900 or, x = 5 tk
So, profit from pen = 360 ✕ 5 = 1800 tk. Ans.
Mr. A purchased a house for tk 1000000 tk in 1995, he spent 100000 tk for routine maintenance &
upkeep of the house. 1n 1999 he sold the house for 25% of more then what he paid for it. He paid 5% of
the proceeds as gain tax & he has to pay 50% of his net profit to the broker, what is his net income?
Solution:
Here, purchasing cost ✛ routine maintenance & upkeep cost
= (10,00,000 ✛ 1,00,000) = 11,00,000 tk
Profit gained @ 25% of total cost = (1100000 ✕ 25)/100 = 275000 tk
5% gain tax = (5 ✕ 275000)/100 = 13750 tk
So, net profit after deducting gain tax = (275000 – 13750) tk
= 261250 tk
Net income after deducting brokers commission = 261250/2
= 130625 tk Ans.
A simple interest rate of a bank was reduced to 5% from 7%. As a consequences Mr. B’s income was
reduced by tk 2100 in 5 yrs. How much is Mr. B’s initial deposit in the bank?
Solution:
Here, reduced interest rate = 7% – 5% = 2%
In 5 yrs interest reduced = 2100 tk
In 1 yr interest reduced = 2100/5 = 420 tk
So, 2% = 420 tk
Or, 100% = (420 ✕ 100)/2 = 21,000 tk Ans.
One fifth of the products made by a company are defective. Four-fifth of the defectives was rejected and
one-twentieth of the products were rejected by mistake. What percent of the products sold by the
company is defective?
Solution:
Suppose total product = 100.
Total defective products = 100/5 = 20
So, non defective products = 100 – 20 = 80
Defective product rejected = 20 ✕ (4/5) = 16
Defective but not rejected product = 20 – 16 = 4
Rejected by mistake = 80 ✕ (1/20) = 4
Total products sold = 100 – (16 ✛ 4) = 80
Defective in 80 products is 4
Defective in 100 products is (4 ✕ 100)/80 = 5 Ans. 5%
Karim and Rahim have equal amount of money. Radha has half of Rahim’s money and Amena has half of
Radha’s money. If you add one taka with all the money they have, it will be Tk.100.How much Rahim
has?
Solution:
Let, Karim has = x tk = Rahim
So, Radha has = x/2 tk and Amena has = x/4 tk
According to Question, x ✛ x ✛ x/2 ✛ x/4 ✛ 1 = 100
Or, 2x ✛ x/2 ✛ x/4 ✛ 1 = 100
Or, (8x ✛ 2x ✛ x ✛ 4)/4 = 100
Or, 11x ✛ 4 = 400
Or, x = 36 Ans.
A person wishes to accumulate Tk. 5,00,000 by the end of 15 years by making equal half-yearly deposits
over the next 15 years. If he/she earns 10% on the investment, how much must he/she deposit at the
end of each half year?
Solution:
Here, Future value, FV = 5, 00,000 Tk.
Effective interest rate, r = 10%/2 = .05
Time, n = 15 ✕ 2= 30
Annuity, A = ?
We know,
FV = A ✕ [{(1 ✛ r)n – 1 }/r]
Or, 500000 = A ✕ [{(1 ✛ .05)30 – 1 }/.05]
Or, A = 500000/66.44 = 7525.59 Ans.
Find the value of ‘a’ if (a-3) = 10/a
Solution:
(a – 3) = 10/a
Or, a2 – 3a = 10
Or, a2 – 3a – 10 = 0
Or, a2 -5a ✛ 2a -10 = 0
Or, a(a – 5) ✛ 2(a – 5) = 0
Or, (a – 5)(a ✛ 2) = 0
Or, a = 5
or, a = – 2 Ans.
Find the value of ‘x’ if (2×2-1) = (3×2-2x)
Solution:
Given that, (2×2 – 1) = (3×2 – 2x)
Or, 2x – 1 = 3×2 – 2×2
Or, 2x – 1 = x2
Or, x2 – 2x ✛ 1 = 0
Or, (x – 1)2 = 0
Or, x – 1 = 0
Or, x = 1 Ans.
At 8:00 A.M a car stared from Dhaka towards Cox’s Bazar at a speed of 50 km/hr. After one hour,
another car started from Dhaka towards Cox’s Bazar at a speed of 60 km/hr. After how much time and
at what distance from Dhaka the second car will overtake the first car?
Solution:
1st Train: 8am (Dhaka) —– 50km/hr ——–>ctg
2nd Train: 9am (Dhaka) —– 60 km/hr ——->ctg
Both travel same direction
So in each hour 2nd train moves more (60 – 50) km = 10 km.
1st train already travel 1hour means 50 km
Now 2nd train has to cover this distance.
So they will meet = 50/10= 5 hour after 9am. Ans.
Mr. Zaman won an election where the ratio of his votes and those of his opponent, Mr. Yunus, was
4:3.The total number of voters was 581, of which 91 did not vote. Calculate the margin of votes by
which Mr. Yunus was defeated?
Solution:
Total number of voters = 581
Casted votes = 581 – 91 = 490
Mr. Zaman got = 490 ✕ (4/7) = 280
Mr. Yunus got = 490 ✕ (3/7) = 210
The margin of defeat = 280 – 210 = 70 Ans.
The sum of the pay of two officers is Taka 24,000 per month. If the pay of one officer is decreased by 9%
and the pay of the second is increased by 17%, their pays become equal. Find the pay of each officer.
Solution:
Let, the payment of first officer = x tk
Payment of second officer = (24000 – x) tk
At 9% decrease, payment of first officer become = x – 9x/100 = 91x/100 tk
At 17% increase, payment of second officer become = (24000 – x) ✛ 17% of (24000–x)
= (24000 – x)(1 ✛ 17/100) = 117(24000 – x)/100
91x/100 = 117(24000 – x)/100
Or, 91x = 117(24000 – x)
Or, 91x = 117 ✕ 24000 – 117x
Or, 91x ✛ 117x = 117 ✕ 24000
Or, 208x = 117 ✕ 24000
Or, x = (117 ✕ 24000)/208
Or, x = 13,500
Payment of first officer = 13500 Tk
Payment of second officer = 24000 – 13500 = 10500 Tk Ans.
A Group of students has hired a bus for Taka 3000 for going to a picnic. They had an understanding that
each participant would share the charge in equal amounts. But because of 10 students not turning up,
the charged per student increased by Taka 10 over the initial estimates. What was the number of
students who originally registered for the picnic?
Solution:
Let, total number of students = x
Per head proposed cost for the picnic = 3000/x Tk
Due to absence of 10 students, average cost charged = 3000/(x – 10) Tk
3000/x – 3000/(x – 10) = 10
Or, (3000x – 3000x ✛ 30000)/x(x-10) = 10
Or, 10×2 – 10x = 30000
Or, x2 – 10x – 3000 = 0
Or, x2 – 60x ✛ 50x – 3000 = 0
Or, (x – 60)(x ✛ 50) = 0
So, x = 60 (number of students cannot be negative) Ans.
A square office, 1000 feet by 1000 feet, is to be partitioned into two offices by a single interior wall. The
difference between the perimeters of the resulting two officers is 400 feet. What are their dimensions?
Solution:
Let, width of first portion after partition = x
So, width of second portion other side = 1000 – x
2(1000 ✛ x) – 2(1000 ✛ 1000 – x) = 400
Or, 2000 ✛ 2x – 4000 ✛ 2x = 400
Or, 4x = 2000 ✛ 400
Or, x = 600
So, width of first portion = 600 ft
Width of other side = 1000 – 600 = 400 ft
So, dimensions of 1st office = 1000 ✕ 600 = 600000 sq. ft.
And, dimensions of 2nd office = 1000 ✕ 400 = 400000 sq. ft. Ans.
Abir can do a piece of work in 80 days. He works for 10 days and then Bashir alone finishes the rest of
the work in 42 days. How much time would it take for the two of them together to complete the whole
work?
Solution:
In 80 days, Abir can do 1 (whole) portion of work
In 1 day, Abir can do (1/80) part of the work
In 10 days Abir can do (1 ✕ 10)/80 = 1/8 part of the work
Rest of the work = 1 – (1/8) = 7/8 part of the work
Now, in 42 days, Bashir can do 7/8 part of the work
In 1 day, Bashir can do (7/8) ✕ 42 = 1/48 part of the work
In 1 day, Abir and Bashir together can do = (1/80 ✛ 1/48) = (3 ✛ 5)/240 = 1/ 30 part of the work
So, they can do 1/30 works in 1 day
Or, they can do 1 works in 30/1= 30 days Ans.
Mr. Rahim pays 10% tax on all income earned over 60000Tk but he does not pay any tax on interest on
saving certificate. In 2006 he paid 7500 as tax & he earned 12000 as interest on savings certificates.
What is his total income in 2006.
Solution:
Here, Mr. Rahim gives 10% taxes upon his income.
So, when tax is 10Tk then income is 100Tk
When tax is 1Tk then income is 100/10Tk
When tax is 7500Tk then income is (100 ✕ 7500)/10 = 75,000Tk
So, his total income = 75000 ✛ 60000 ✛ 12000 = 1,47,000Tk Ans.
A trader, while selling an item, was asking for such a price that would enable him to offer a 20%
discounts and still make a profit of 30% on cost. If the cost of the item was Tk.50 what was his asking
price?
Solution:
Here, cost price = 50 Tk
At 30% profit, price will be = 50 ✛ (50 ✕ 30/100) = 50 ✛ 15 = 65 Tk
Let, asking price of the item = 100 Tk.
At 20% discount price = 80 Tk.
So, when discounted price is 80 Tk then asking price is 100 Tk
When discounted price is 65 Tk asking price is (100 ✕ 65)/80 Tk = 81.25 Tk Ans.
A man deposits Tk. 1000 in a bank at 8% interest rate compounded annually. At the end of the 3rd year,
what will be the total amount including interest?
Solution:
Here, principal value, p = 1000 tk
Rate of interest, r = 8%
Number of years, n = 3
We know, Compound Amount, CA = p(1 ✛ r)n = 1000(1 ✛ 8/100)3 = 1000 ✕ (1.08)3 = 1259.712 Ans.
A boy purchased some chocolates from a shop for Tk 120. In the next shop he found that the price of
per piece chocolate is Tk 3 less than that charged at the previous shop, as such he could have purchased
2 more chocolates. How many chocolates did he buy from the first shop?
Solution:
Let, the price of one piece chocolate in 1st shop = x
So, total chocolate = 120/x
Price of one piece chocolate in 2nd shop = x – 3
Total chocolate 120/(x – 3)
120/(x – 3) – 120/x = 2
Or, (120x – 120x ✛ 360)/x(x – 3) = 2
Or, 360/x2 – 3x = 2
Or, 2×2 – 6x – 360 = 0
Or, x2 – 3x – 180 = 0
Or, x2 – 15x ✛ 12x – 180 = 0
Or, (x ✛ 12)(x – 15) = 0
So, x = 15
Number of chocolates bought in the first shop = 120/15 = 8 nos. Ans.
A loss of 15% is incurred by selling a watch for Tk. 612. How much is the sum of money by which it is sold
to make a profit of 10%?
Solution:
Let, cost price of the watch = 100tk
So, @ 15% loss selling price will be = 85 tk
If selling price is 85 tk then cost price is 100 tk
So, if selling price is 612 tk then cost price is (100 ✕ 612)/85 = 720 tk
Again, @ 10% profit,
If cost price is 100 tk thane selling price is 110 tk
So, if cost price is 720 tk then selling price is (110 ✕ 720)/100 = 792 tk Ans.
Recently Kamal’s hourly wage has been increased by 10%. Before this increase, Kamal’s total weekly
wage was Tk. 137. If his weekly working hours were to decrease by 10% from last week’s total working
hours, what would be the change, if any, in Kamal’s total weekly wage?
Solution:
Let, weekly working time = x hr
Weekly hourly wage = 137/x Tk.
After 10% increase, new hourly wage = 137/x ✛ 10% of (137/x)
= 137/x ✛ (10 ✕ 137)/(100 ✕ x)
= 137/x (1 ✛ 1/10)
= 1507/10x
After 10% decrease, new working hour = x – 10% of x = 9x/10
New weekly total wage = (9x/10) ✕ (1507/10x) = 135.63 Tk.
Weekly wage reduced = 137 – 135.63 = 1.37 Tk. Ans.
Tanim bought some oranges. He gave 1/2 of them to his sister,1/4 of the remainder to his neighbor, 3/5
of those left to his children and had 6 left in the end. How many oranges did Tanim buy?
Solution:
Let, total oranges = x
Sister got = x/2
Neighbor got = 1/4 of x/2 = x/8
Left = x/2 – x/8 = 3x/8
Children got = 3/5 of 3x/8 = 9x/40
Left = 3x/8 – 9x/40 = 6x/40
According to Question,
6x/40 = 6
Or, x/40 = 1
Or, x = 40 Ans.
The length of rectangular plot is greater than its breadth by 20 meters. If the perimeter of the plot is 160
meters, what is the area of the plot in square meters?
Solution:
Let, breadth be x meters and length be (x ✛ 20) meters
2x ✛ 2(x ✛ 20) = 160
Or, 4x ✛ 40 = 160
Or, 4x = 160 – 40
Or, x = 120/4 = 30
So, breadth = 30 meters and length =30 ✛ 20 = 50 meters.
Area of the pot = (50 ✕ 30) = 1500 sq. meters. Ans.
Three partners A, B & C start a business. Twice the investment of A is equal to thrice the capital of B is 4
times the capital of C. They share the profit in the ratio of their capital. In a particular year, the gross
profit is Tk. 250000 and the administrative expenses are 20 % of the gross profit. Find the share of profit
each partner.
Solution:
Let us consider, capital of C = x
So, capital of B = 4x
2A = 3B or, A = 3B/2 = 12x/2 = 6x
Ratio of capital as well as profit of the three partners = 6x : 4x : x = 6 : 4 : 1
Administrative expenses = 20% of 2,50,000 = 20,000
So, net profit = 2,50,000 – 50,000 = 2,00,000
Share of A = (2,00,000 ✕ 6)/11 = 1,09,090.90 Tk.
Share of B = (2,00,000 ✕ 4)/11 = 72,727.27 Tk.
Share of C = (2,00,000 ✕ 1)/11 = 18,181.81 Tk Ans.
Two cars race around a circular track in opposite directions at constant rates. They start at the same
point and meet every 30 seconds. If they move in the same direction, they meet every 120 seconds. If
the track is 1800 meter long, what is the speed of each car?
Solution:
Let “x” be the speed of the faster car and “y” be the speed of the slower car
In case of same direction,
(x ✛ y) ✕ 30 = 1800
Or, 30x ✛ 30y = 1800 ………… (1)
In case of opposite direction,
(x – y) ✕ 120 = 1800
Or, 120x – 120y = 1800 ………. (2)
(1) ✕ 4 ✛ (2) >>>
240x = 9000
Or, x = 37.5 m/s = 37.5 ✕ 18/5 km/hr = 135 km/hr
(1) ✕ 4 – (2) >>>
– 240y = – 5400
Or, y = 22.5 m/s = 22.5 ✕ 18/5 km/hr = 81 km/hr Ans.
A printer quotes a price of taka 7,500 for printing 1,000 copies of a book and Taka 15,000 for printing
2,500 copies. Assuming a linear relationship and 2,000 books are printed, find (a) the variable cost per
book, (b) the average cost per book and (c) the fixed cost.
Solution:
(a) 1000 copies need 7500 Tk
2500 copies need 15000Tk
Extra 1500 copies need = 15000 – 7500 = 7500Tk
So, cost for first 1000 copies is fixed and next all are variable
We can get variable cost per book = 7500/1500 = 5 Tk Ans.
(b) As cost function is linear and total cost for printing first 1000 copies is 7500 Tk and the variable cost
for per book is 5 Tk.
So, more 1000 copies cost = 5 ✕ 1000 = 5000 Tk
To print 2000 books we need = (7500 ✛ 5000) = 12,500 Tk
Average cost = 12500/2000 = 6.25 Tk Ans.
(c) Fixed cost = (7500 – 5000) = 2500 Tk Ans.
The length of a rectangle is twice its width. If the length is increased by 4 inches and the width is
decreased by 3 inches, a new rectangle is formed whose perimeter is 62 inches. What is the length of
the original rectangle?
Solution:
Let, width = x
Length = 2x
2{(x ✛ 4) ✛ (2x – 3)} = 62
Or, 2x ✛ 8 ✛ 4x – 6 = 62
Or, 6x = 62 – 2
Or, 6x = 60
Or, x = 10
So, length = 2 ✕ 10 = 20 inch. Ans.
BANGLADESH BANK CASH OFFICER 2011
The area of a rectangular plot is 323 square meters. Its perimeter is 72 meters. Find the length and
breadth of the plot.
Solution:
Let, length = x and breadth = y.
So, perimeter, 2(x ✛ y) = 72
Or, x ✛ y = 36
Or, x = 36 – y
Again, area, xy = 323
Or, (36 – y)y = 323
Or, 36y – y2 = 323
Or, y2 – 36 ✛ 323 = 0
Or, y2 – 19y – 17y ✛ 323 = 0
Or, y(y – 19) – 17(y – 19) = 0
Or, (y – 19)(y – 17) = 0
If, breadth y = 17 then length x = 323/17 = 19
Again, if, breadth y = 19 then length x = 323/19 = 17
Since breadth must not be more than length so, breadth, y = 17 and length x = 19 Ans.
Mr. Hasan has few notes of Tk. 10 and Tk. 50. A total of his 150 notes amount to Tk.5100. What is the
number of each kind of note?
Solution:
Let, the number of 10 taka notes be x
And the number of 50 taka notes be (150 – x)
10x ✛ 50(150 – x) = 5100
Or, 10x ✛ 7500 – 50x = 5100
Or, 40x = 2400
Or, x = 60
The number of 10 Tk. Notes = 60 and the number of 50Tk. notes = 150 – 60 = 90 Ans.
The length of rectangular plot is greater than its breadth by 20 meters. If the perimeter of the plot is 160
meters, what is the area of the plot in square meters?
Solution:
Let, breadth be x meters and length be (x ✛ 20) meters
So, perimeters =2(x ✛ x ✛2) = (4x ✛ 40) meters.
4x ✛ 40 = 160
Or, 4x = 160 – 40
Or, x = 30
So, breadth = 30 meters and length = 30 ✛ 20 = 50 meters.
Area of the pot = (50 ✕ 30) = 150 sq. meters. Ans.
A series has 3 numbers a, ar, ar2. In the series, the first term is twice of the second term. What is the
ratio of the sum of the first 2 terms to the sum of the last 2 terms?
Solution:
Let, the third term, ar2 = x
So, according to Question, second term, ar = 2X and first term, a = 4x
So, (a ✛ ar) : (ar ✛ ar2)
Or, (4x ✛ 2x) : (2x ✛ x)
Or, 6x : 3x
Or, 2 : 1 Ans.
Two alloys A and B are composed of two basic elements. The ratios of the compositions of the two basic
elements in the two alloys are 5:3 and 1:2. A new alloy X is formed by mixing the two alloys A & B in the
ratio 4:3. What is the ratio of the composition of the two basic elements in alloy X?
Solution:
Let F = the first basic element and S = the second basic element.
Alloy A: Since F:S = 5:3, so amount of F = 5/8 & amount of S = 3/8
Alloy B: Since F:S = 1:2, so amount of F = 1/3 & amount of S = 2/3
Now, ratio of alloy A & B in new alloy X is 4:3
amount of F in the new alloy X = (5/8) ✕ 4 ✛ (1/3) ✕ 3 = 7/2
amount of S in the new alloy X = (3/8) ✕ 4 ✛ (2/3) ✕ 3= 7/2
so ratio of F & S in new alloy X = (7/2)/(7/2) = 1/1 = 1:1 Ans.
A, B and C do a job alone in 20, 30 and 60 days respectively. In how many days can A do the job if he is
assisted by B & C?
Solution:
(A✛B✛C) work 1 days = 1/20 ✛ 1/30 ✛ 1/60 = 1/10
With help of B & C, A can do 1/10 part work in 1 day
,, ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, 1 (whole) part in 10 days Ans.
A bus is traveling with 52 passengers. When it arrives at a stop, Y passengers get off and 4 get inside at
the next stop one-third of the passengers get off and 3 get on. There are 25 passengers. Find out how
many passengers got off at the first stop?
Solution:
52 passengers
Y passengers get off making it 52 – y
4 get on making it 52 – y ✛ 4
At the next stop one-third of the passengers get off and 3 get on to make it 25
(52 – y ✛ 4) – 1/3(52 – y ✛ 4) ✛ 3 = 25
=> {2(52 – y ✛ 4) ✛ 9}/3 = 25
=> 104 – 2y ✛8 ✛ 9 = 75
=> – 2y = – 46
=> y = 46/2
So, y=23
Hence, 23 passengers got off at the first stop. Ans.
An Eskimo leaves its igloo and travels 3 km north, then 8 km east and finally 3 km north to reach the
north pole. How many km does he have to travel to return to his igloo in a straight line?
Solution:
Suppose, the Eskimo started from the point O, traveled 3km north to R, then from R, traveled 8km east
to S, and finally from S traveled 3km north to A.
By joining A with O with a direct line (the blue line) and rearranging OR to PS and RS to OP, we get the
right angle triangle AOP of which AP = 3✛3 = 6, OP = 8.
Therefore, AO = √(AP² ✛ OP²) = √(8²✛ 6²) = 10
a, b, c, d, e are 5 consecutive numbers in increasing order, deleting one of them from the set decreased
the sum of the remaining numbers by 20% of the sum of 5. Which one of the number is deleted from
the set?
Solution:
Let, the consecutive numbers are,
a =1, b = 1 ✛ 1 = 2, c = 1 ✛ 2 = 3, d = 1 ✛ 3 = 4 & e = 1 ✛ 4 = 5
So, total = 1 ✛ 2 ✛ 3 ✛ 4 ✛ 5 = 15
Deleting 1 of the 5 numbers from the set then decreased 20% of the sum.
20% of the sum = (15 x 20)/100 = 3
So, the deleted number is the 3rd as c from the set Ans.
Rahim bought 2 varieties of rice costing tk 5 & 6 per kg each. Then he sold the mixture at tk7/kg, making
profit of 20%. What was the ratio of the mixture?
Solution:
Let, Rahim bought x kg rice at tk 5 & y kg rice at tk 6/kg
So, total cost = 5x ✛ 6y and sale price = 7x ✛ 7y
20% profit = 20 ✕ (5x ✛ 6y)/100 = (5x ✛ 6y)/5
According to Question, 7x ✛ 7y – (5x ✛ 6y) = (5x ✛ 6y)/5
Or, 2x ✛ y = (5x ✛ 6y)/5
Or, 10x ✛ 5y = 5x ✛ 6y
Or, 5x = y
Or, x/y = 1/5 Ans.
A team of 2 men and 5 women completed 1/4th of a job in 3ds. After that another man joined them and
they all complete the next 1/4th of the job in 2ds. How many men can complete the whole job in 4
days?
Solution:
Here, in 3ds, 2 men & 5 women do 1/4 part
So, in 1 d 2 men & 5 women do 1/12 part
Again, in 2ds, 3 men & 5 women do 1/4 part
or in 1d 3 men & 5 women do 1/8 part
1 mans’ 1 day work = 1/8 – 1/12 = 1/24 part
So, in 24ds the whole job can be done by 1 man
In 4ds the whole job can be done by = 24/4 = 6 men’ Ans.
BANGLADESH BANK OFFICER 2015
A shop stocks four types of caps, there are 1/3 as many red caps as blue caps and 1/2 as many green
caps as red caps. There are equal number of green caps and yellow caps. If there are 42 blue caps, then
what percent of the total caps in the shop are blue?
Solution:
Given that, blue caps = 42
Red caps = 42/3 = 14
Green caps = 14/2 = 7
Yellow caps = 7
Total caps = 42 ✛ 14 ✛ 7 ✛ 7 = 70
Percentage of blue caps = (42/70)100 = 60% Ans.
The annual incomes and expenditures of a man and his wife are in the ratios 5:3 and 3:1, respectively. If
they decide to save equally and find a balance of Tk. 4000 at the end of the year, what was their
income?
Solution:
Let, their income be 5x and 3x and their expenditure be 3x and x.
(5x ✛ 3x) – (3x ✛ x) = 4000
Or, 4x = 4000
Or, x = 1000
So, Man’s income 5x = 5 ✕ 1000 =Tk. 5000
Woman’s income 3x = 3 ✕ 1000 =Tk. 3000 Ans.
A person sold two articles each for the same price of Tk. 1040. He incurs 20% loss on the first and 10%
loss on the second. Find his overall percentage of loss.
Solution:
Let, Price be Tk. 100
At, 20% loss, selling price = 100 – 20 =Tk. 80
And at 10% loss selling price = 100 – 10 =Tk. 90
So, cost of 1st item = (1040/80)100 =Tk. 1300
And cost of 2nd item = (1040/90)100 = Tk. 1155.55
Total cost of two items =Tk. (1300 ✛ 1155.55) = Tk. 2455.55
But selling price = 1040 ✛ 1040 =Tk. 2080.
So, loss =Tk. (2455.55 -2080) =Tk. 375.55
So, overall loss percentage = (375.55/2455.55)100 = 15.29% Ans.
If the sum of five consecutive integers is S, what is the largest of those integers in terms of S?
Solution:
Let, consecutive integers are x, x✛1, x✛2, x✛3, x✛4.
X✛x✛1✛x✛2✛x✛3✛x✛4=s
Or, 5x ✛ 10 = s
Or, x = (s – 10)/5
Or, x ✛ 4 = (s – 10)/5 ✛ 4 [Add 4 both side]
Or, x ✛ 4 = (s ✛ 10)/5.
Or, x ✛ 4 = s/5 ✛ 2
So, the largest integer = s/5 ✛ 2 Ans.
The difference between two numbers is five and the difference of their squares is 65. What is the larger
number?
Solution:
Let, Larger number be x and smaller number be y According to the Question,
x – y = 5…………………..(i)
x2 – y2 = 65 ……………..(ii)
Or, (x ✛ y) (x – y) = 65
Or, (x ✛ y)5 = 65
Or, x ✛ y = 13……………………(iii)
From, (i)✛(ii) we get,
2x = 18
Or, x = 9
Putting the value of x in (i) we get,
9–y=5
Or, y = 4
So, larger number = 9 Ans.
Robi drove 100 miles to visit a friend. If he had driven 8 miles per hour faster than he did, he would have
arrived in 5/6 of the time, he actually took. How many minutes did the trip take?
Solution:
Let, Robi took x hours to cover 100 miles
Actual speed = 100/x mph [mph= Mile per hour]
New speed =(100/x ✛ 8) mph
New time taken=x ✕ (5/6) = 5x/6 hours.
We know,
Speed ✕ Time =Distance
(100/x ✛ 8) ✕ (5x/6) = 100
Or, x = 5/2 hrs = 5 ✕ 60/2 = 150 mins. Ans.
Of the three numbers, second is twice the first and is also thrice the third. If the average of the three
numbers is 44, then what will be the largest number?
Solution:
Let,1st Number = x,
2nd Number = 2x and 3rd Number = 2x/3
x ✛ 2x ✛ 2x/3 = 44 ✕ 3
Or, (3x ✛ 6x ✛ 2x)/3= 132
Or, 11x =396
Or, x=36.
So, the largest number is = 2 ✕ 36 = 72 Ans.
A bus hired at the cost of Tk. 2400 and it was decided that every student would share the cost equally.
But 10 more students joined as a result the fare decreased by Tk. 8 per person. How many students
were travelling in the bus?
Solution:
Let, total students = x, so average fair = 2400/x
Later, 10 more students have come, so average fair = 2400/(x ✛ 10)
2400/x – 2400/(x ✛ 10) = 8
Or, {2400(x ✛ 10) – 2400x}/x(x ✛ 10) = 8
Or, (2400x ✛ 24000 – 2400x)/x(x ✛ 10) = 8
Or, 24000/x(x ✛ 10) = 8
Or, 2400 = 8×2 ✛ 80x
Or, 8×2 ✛ 80x – 24000 = 0
Or, x2 ✛ 10x – 3000 = 0
Or, x2 ✛ 60x – 50x – 3000 = 0
Or, (x ✛ 60)(x – 50) = 0
Or, x = 50 Ans.
The average age of students of a class is 15.8 years. The average age of boys in the class is 16.4 years
and of the girls is 15.4 years. Find the ratio of number of boys to girls in the class.
Solution:
Let us consider, number of boys = x and girls = y
15.8(x ✛ y) = 16.4x ✛ 15.4y
Or, 15.8x ✛ 15.8y = 16.4x ✛ 15.4y
Or, 16.4x – 15.8x = 15.8y – 15.4y
Or, 0.6x = 0.4y
Or, x/y = 0.4/0.6 = 4/6 = 2/3 Ans.
If (x ✛ 1/x) = 3 then the value of (x2 ✛ 1/x2) = ?
Solution:
(x ✛ 1/x) = 3
Or, (x ✛ 1/x)2 = 32
Or, x2 ✛ 2.x.1/x ✛ 1/x2 = 9
Or, x2 ✛ 1/x2 = 9 – 2 = 7 Ans.
The percentage profit earned by selling an article for Tk. 1920 is equal to the percentage loss incurred by
selling the same article for Tk. 1280. At what price should the article be sold to make 25% profit?
Solution:
Here, both the article is same as well as cost price and percentage of profit and loss.
Let cost price of the article = x Tk.
In case of first condition,
Percentage of profit = {(1920 – x)100}/x
In case of second condition,
Percentage of loss = {(x – 1280)100}/x
{(1920 – x)100}/x = {(x – 1280)100}/x
Or, 1920 – x = x – 1280
Or, x ✛ x = 1920 ✛ 1280
Or, 2x = 3200
Or, x = 1600
So, cost price = 1600 Tk.
At 25% profit, sell price will be = 1600 ✛ 1600 ✕ 25/100
= 1600 ✛ 400
= 2000 Tk. Ans.
A can do a piece of work in 10 days while B can do it in 15 days. They work together for 5 days and the
rest of the work is done by C in 2 days. If they get Tk. 4500 for the whole work, how should they divide
the money?
Solution:
Here, in 1 day A can do 1/10 part
So, in 5 days A do = 5/10 = 1/2 part
Again, in 5 days B do = 5/15 = 1/3 part
Rest of the work done by C = 1 – (1/2 ✛ 1/3) = 1 – 5/6 = 1/6
So, A’s share = 4500/2 = 2250 Tk.
B’s share = 4500/3 = 1500 Tk.
C’s share = 4500/6 = 750 Tk. Ans.
ABCD is a square and one of its sides AB is also a chord of the circle as shown in the figure. What is the
area of the square?
Solution: Here, ABO is a right triangle
So, AB2 = BO2 ✛ AO2
=9✛9
= 18
Or, Ab = √18 = 3√2
So, area of the square ABCD = (3√2)2 = 18 sq. unit Ans.
Pubali Bank Officer Written Exam 2016
Question1: A retailer buys 40 pens at the market price of 36 pens from a wholesaler. If he sells these
pens giving a discount of 1%, what is the profit percent???
Solution:
Let, market price of each pen be 1 taka
=Market price of 36 pen be 36 taka
So, cost price of 40 pens= 36 taka
After 1% discount on market price, selling price of 40 pens= 99100 ✕ 40 = 39.60 taka
Profit = Selling Price- Cost price
= 39.6 -36= 3.6
So, profit percentage = 3.636 ✕ 100 = 10 %
Answer: 10% profit
Question2: A, B, C started a business by investing taka 120,000 taka 1,35,ooo and taka 1,50,000
respectively. Find the share of each, out of an annual profit of 56,700 taka
Solution:
Ratio of the investment of A, B,C = A:B:C
= 1,20,000: 1,35,000 : 150,000
= 8:9:10
Total profit = 56,700
A’s profit = 56,700 ✕ 827 =16,800 taka
B’s profit = 56,700 ✕ 927 = 18,900 taka
C’s profit = 56,700 ✕ 1027 = 21,000 taka
Answer: A’s profit 16,800 taka . B’s profit 18,900 taka . C’s profit 21,000 taka
Question3: The simple interest on a certain sum of money for 212 years at 12% per annum is 4o taka
less than the simple interest on the same sum for 3 12 years at 10% per annum. Find the sum.
Solution:
Let, principle or certain sum of money = x taka
According to the Question:
(x ✕ 10% ✕ 7/2) – (x ✕ 12% ✕ 5/2) = 40
or, ( ✕ 7 ✕ 10)/200 – ( ✕ 12 ✕ 5)/200 = 40
or, 70 −60 /200 = 40
or, 10 x = 8000
or, x= 800
Answer: 800 taka
SEBL wrtten Exam 2016
A book and a pen were sold for tk 3040 making a profit of 25% on the book and 10% on the pen. By
selling them for tk 3070, the profit realizes would have been 10% on the book and 25% on the pen. Find
the cost of each.
Solution:
Let, x= CP of pen
y= CP of book
First condition 110x/100 ✛ 125y/100 = 3040
Or, 110x ✛ 125y = 304000
Or, 22x ✛ 25y = 60800……..(1)
Second condition 125x/100 ✛ 110y/100 = 3070
Or, 125x ✛ 110y = 307000
Or, 25x ✛ 22y = 61400 ……..(2)
(1) ✕ 25 – (2) ✕ 22
550x ✛ 625y = 1520000
550x ✛ 484y = 1350800
Or, 141y = 169200
Or, y = 1200
Putting the value of y in (1)
we get 22x ✛ 25 ✕ 1200 = 60800
Or, 22x = 60800-30000
Or, x = 30800/22= 1400 Ans:
price of pen =1200 tk ,
price of book = tk 1400
2.A man’s income from interest and wages is tk 500. He doubles his investment and also gets increase of
50% in wages and his income increases to tk 800. What was his original income separately in terms of
interest wages?
Solution:
The income increases only due to increase in the wage not the interest
Hence, The tk 300 increase is due to 50% increase in the wage Now 1.5W = 800-500 = 300
Or, w = 200
So, income from wage tk 200 and income from interest tk 500-200 = tk300 (ans)

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সরকাির ব াংেক িলিখত পরী ায় আসা গিণত ে র ব াখা সহ সমাধান

June 22, 2016 পড়ােলখা 8,482 Views

If the selling price is 90 then asking price is 100

If the selling price is 1 then asking price is 100/90

Mr. X gives 10% taxes upon his income, so,

If tax is 7500tk the income is (100 ✕ 7500)/10 = 75000tk

So, his net income in 2000 is = 147000 – 7500 = 139500tk Ans.

Let, no. of correct answer = x, so incorrect answer = 22 – x

3.5x – 1 ✕ (22 – x) = 63.5

Or, 3.5x – 22 ✛ x = 63.5

Or, 4.5x = 63.5 ✛ 22 = 85.5

So, correct answer was 19 Ans.

Let total employees = 100, employees live over 10 miles = 30

Total 40% or 40 employees use transport

So, employees live in 10miles or less using transport = 40 – 18 = 22

In case of P1 @ 20% profit

In case of P2 @ 20% loss

If selling price is 50000tk then cost price = (50000 ✕ 100)/80 = 62500tk

Now, total sell price = 50000 ✕ 2 = 100000tk

Total cost price = 125000/3 ✛ 62500 = 312500/3 = 104166.67tk

So, loss = 104166.67 – 100000 = 4166.67tk Ans.

So, compound interest = 121550.6 – 100000 = 21550.6tk

BANGLADESH BANK AD 2002

Here, one of the employees has taken all of the courses

Nine of the employees have taken exactly 2 of the courses

Number of employee have taken only Accounting = 22 – (9 ✛ 1) = 12

Numbers of employee have taken only Finance = 15 – (9 ✛ 1) = 5

Numbers of employee have taken only Marketing = 14 – 1 = 13

Numbers of total employee have taken at least one course = 12 ✛ 5 ✛ 13✛ 9 ✛ 1 = 40

Tax on salary = 60000 ✕ 20% = 12000

Net salary = 60000 – 12000 = 48000

So, commission found in April = 65000 – 48000 = 17000

Let the sales in April = x

According to the Question,

40000 ✕ 5% ✛ (x – 40000) ✕ 8% = 17000

Or, 2000 ✛ 0.08x – 3200 = 17000

Or, 0.08x – 1200 = 17000

Or, 0.08x = 18200

So, the sales in April = Tk. 227500 Ans

Let, Profit from 1 pen = x tk

So, in a month he gets profit = 12 ✕ 30 ✕ x = 360x tk.

Again, profit from 1 pencil = x/3 tk

Then monthly profit = 18 ✕ 30 ✕ x/3 = 540x/3 = 180x tk.

According to ques. 180x = 900 or, x = 5 tk

So, profit from pen = 360 ✕ 5 = 1800 tk. Ans.

= (10,00,000 ✛ 1,00,000) = 11,00,000 tk

Profit gained @ 25% of total cost = (1100000 ✕ 25)/100 = 275000 tk

So, net profit after deducting gain tax = (275000 – 13750) tk

Net income after deducting brokers commission = 261250/2

Here, reduced interest rate = 7% – 5% = 2%

In 5 yrs interest reduced = 2100 tk

In 1 yr interest reduced = 2100/5 = 420 tk

Or, 100% = (420 ✕ 100)/2 = 21,000 tk Ans.

Suppose total product = 100.

Total defective products = 100/5 = 20

So, non defective products = 100 – 20 = 80

Defective product rejected = 20 ✕ (4/5) = 16

Defective but not rejected product = 20 – 16 = 4