Pre Marksmanship Module

By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride
GRANBY COLLEGE - NAIC, CAVITE

DEPARTMENT OF MILITARY SCIENCE AND TACTICS
RESERVE OFFICER’S TRAINING CORPS
MS – 2 SY 2021-2022
PRE - MARKSMANSHIP
HANDOUT
SCOPE:
• Fundamentals of Firing
• Types of Firing Position
• Correct Sight Picture
• Triangulation
• Coach and Pupil Techniques, Dry Firing
Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE BASIC MARKMANSHIP AND ITS

FUNDAMENTALS?
CARDINAL RULES IN GUN SAFETY
 Always treat the gun as loaded

 Do not point your gun to anything with you are not willing to shoot or fire
 Be sure of your target and what is around it.
 Always keep your trigger finger off the trigger unless you are ready to fire.
FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRING (M16 RIFLE)
1. Positioning. (Rifle+Shooter = 1 system)

Steady position factors:
A. Non-firing hand grip
B. Firing hand grip
C. Rifle Butt position
D. Placement of Firing elbow
E. Placement of Non-Firing elbow
F. Cheek to Stock weld
G. Distance of the nose
H. Magazine flushed against the sandbag
I. Placement of the feet and Body alignment
Non firing Handgrip - The non firing hand rests on the top of the hand guard. The grip of
the non-firing hand is light
Firing Handgrip - The firing hand grasps the pistol grip so it fits the V formed by the
thumb and forefinger.

Rifle Butt Position - The butt of the rifle is placed in the pocket of the firing shoulder.
This reduces the effect of recoil and helps ensure a steady position.
Firing Elbow Placement - The firing elbow is important in providing balance. Its exact
location depends on the firing/fighting position used. Placement should allow shoulders to
remain level.
Non firing Elbow - The non-firing elbow is positioned firmly under the rifle to allow a
comfortable and stable position.
Cheek-to-Stock Weld - The stock weld should provide a natural line of sight through the
center of the rear sight aperture to the front sight post and on to the target.

Distance of the nose (Eye Relief) - The distance of the nose to charging handle is
about one-half (1/2) inch away or the eye must be 3 inches away from the rear sight.
Magazine flushed against the sandbag - It is used to steady the position and support
the rifle.
Placement of the Feet and Body Alignment
• Hawkins / Climbing the Ladder

• V- Spread

2. Aiming - The act of pointing to hit a target
Elements of Aiming
• Front Sight
• Rear Sight
• Aiming point
Phases of Aiming
• Sight Alignment- Proper relationship of front sight and rear

sight.
• Sight Picture- Proper relationship of front sight and rear sight and
aiming point.
CORRECT SIGHT ALIGNMENT CORRECT SIGHT PICTURE
NOTE: Front sight clear, rear sight and aiming point are blurred.
3. Breathing - To attain accuracy, the firer must learn to hold his breath properly at any
time during the breathing cycle.

4. TRIGGER PRESSING - is the independent movement of the trigger finger in

applying increasing pressure on the trigger straight to the rear, without disturbing the
sight alignment until the weapon fires.
NOTE: TRIGGER PRESSURE POINT: The contact of the trigger and trigger finger;
usually located between the tip of the finger and the 1st joint.
TYPES OF TRIGGER MOTION
• Interrupted/Smooth Trigger Motion - Commonly used during Precision

Shooting.
• Uninterrupted Trigger Motion - Commonly used during Practical Shooting and
Multiple target engagement.
FOLLOW THROUGH (Final Focus Point) – is the continues effort of the firer to
maintain sight alignment before during and after the round has fired. A continues
application of all marksmanship fundamentals.
TYPES OF FIRING POSITIONS
Alternate Prone Firing Position - This position is an alternative to both prone

supported and unsupported firing positions. The firer can assume a comfortable position
while maintaining the same relationship between his body and the axis of the rifle. This
position relaxes the stomach muscles and allows the firer to breathe naturally.

Kneeling Supported Firing Position - This position allows the soldier to obtain the
height necessary to observe many target areas, taking advantage of available cover.
Solid cover that can support any part of the body or rifle assists in firing accuracy.
Kneeling Unsupported Firing Position - This position is assumed quickly, places the
soldier high enough to see over small brush, and provides a stable firing position. The
non-firing elbow should be pushed forward of the knee so the upper arm is resting on a
flat portion of the knee to provide stability. The trailing foot should be placed in a
comfortable position.

Standing Firing Position - To assume the standing firing position, the soldier faces his
target, executes a facing movement to his firing side, and spreads his feet a comfortable
distance apart. With his firing hand on the pistol grip and his non-firing hand on either the
upper hand guard or the bottom of the magazine, the soldier places the butt of the rifle in
the pocket formed by his firing shoulder so the sights are level with his eyes. The weight
of the rifle is supported by the firing shoulder pocket and non-firing hand. The soldier
shifts his feet until he is aiming naturally at the target and his weight is evenly distributed
on both feet. The standing position provides the least stability but could be needed for
observing the target area since it can be assumed quickly while moving.

Modified Supported Firing Position - Once the basic firing skills have been mastered
during initial training, the soldier should be encouraged to modify positions, to take
advantage of available cover, to use anything that helps to steady the rifle, or to make
any change that allows him to hit more combat targets. The modified prone firing position
uses sandbags to support the handguard and frees the non-firing hand to be used on any
part of the rifle to hold it steady.

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By 2028, a world class Army, that is a source of national pride

GRANBY COLLEGE - NAIC, CAVITE

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW THE BASIC MARKMANSHIP AND ITS

CARDINAL RULES IN GUN SAFETY

 Always treat the gun as loaded

FUNDAMENTALS OF FIRING (M16 RIFLE)

1. Positioning. (Rifle+Shooter = 1 system)

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

Placement of the Feet and Body Alignment

• Hawkins / Climbing the Ladder

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

2. Aiming - The act of pointing to hit a target

• Sight Alignment- Proper relationship of front sight and rear

CORRECT SIGHT ALIGNMENT CORRECT SIGHT PICTURE

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

4. TRIGGER PRESSING - is the independent movement of the trigger finger in

TYPES OF TRIGGER MOTION

• Interrupted/Smooth Trigger Motion - Commonly used during Precision

TYPES OF FIRING POSITIONS

Alternate Prone Firing Position - This position is an alternative to both prone

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

Honor. Patriotism. Duty.

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