A.

LISTENING
Section 1: Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Date Event Importance for art

farmers from China built temples ornamented with (1) _______ and stone carvings
3000 BC
and statues in Bali

th artists employed by the ruling families and focused on epic

14 century introduction of (2) _______
narratives

(3) ______ establishment of Dutch East

art became expression of opposition to (4) ________
Indies Company

1920s beginning of tourism encouraged use of new materials, techniques and subjects

started to describe the (5) ______ of the Balinese people – as

1945 beginning of independence
well as the myths and legends of their history

Section 2. You will hear a radio discussion about writing a novel. For questions 1-5, choose the answer (A, B, C or
D) which fits best according to what you hear.
1. What does Louise say about Ernest Hemingway's advice to writers?
A. It is useful to a certain extent.
B. It applies only to inexperienced novelists.
C. It wasn't intended to be taken seriously.
D. The advice can mislead aspiring writers.
2. Louise believes that getting feedback is important when you ______
A. are experiencing a writer’s block.
B. are struggling with structuring your writing properly.
C. are unsure of the quality of your own writing.
D. finish your book and need an opinion on it.
3. Louise states that getting feedback from a colleague is important because _____
A. non-writers’ opinion can be hard to take seriously.
B. a writer can be less harsh with their criticism.
C. others can be reluctant to help with such thing.
D. a writer can understand the real purpose of your work.
4. For Louise, what does good feedback mean?
A. both general and detailed observations on the content
B. identifying problematic aspects as well as suggesting ways to overcome them
C. feedback that mostly focuses on the stylistic part of the writing
D. an extensive list of good and bad points
5. What does Louise say about the people she gets feedback from?
A. They shouldn’t be more skilled than you.
B. She prefers not to talk about her texts.
C. They exchange feedback.
D. Collaborating with them can be difficult.
Section 3. You will hear a tour guide talking to a group of tourists in New York about a visit they will make to the
Museum of Immigration on Ellis Island. Decide the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. The first part of the museum you go through used to be the Baggage Room.
2. In the Registry Room, immigrants had only medical check-ups.
3. They haven't made reservations for the play "Ellis Island Stories" in the Theatre 2.
4. At the Ellis Island Oral History Library you can listen to 20 recordings of people's first-hand experiences at Ellis
Island.
5. "The Peopling of America" exhibition is located in a place which used to be a ticket office.
Section 4. For questions 1-10, listen to an authentic recording about chess and fill in the missing information using
words taken from the recording. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
- Having existed for more than 1500 years, chess has been regarded as a tool of military strategy, a yardstick for
genius, and a metaphor for (1) _______.
- The Arab world was introduced to chess as a result of the Islamic (2) _______ in the seventh century.
- Over time, chess was not only a tactical simulation - it was also a prolific source of (3) _______.
 - The terminology of chess was used by (4) _______ to talk about their political authority.
- The spread of chess to Asia gave rise to a great number of (5) _______.
- By 1000AD, chess served as (6) _______ for different social ranks carrying out their corresponding duties.
- Despite being frowned upon by the Church and moralists, chess still developed rapidly and the 15th century
witnessed it (7) _______ into its modern version.
- The birth of chess theory was marked by the creation of (8) _______ in which common chess openings and
endgames were analyzed.
- As formal competitive chess emerged in the 19th century, the (9) _______ of the past was eventually eclipsed by
strategic calculations.
- In a time period when chess carried a new (10) _______, it was the Soviet Union that dominated international
competition.
B. LEXICO- GRAMMAR
Section 1. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences
1. My teacher advises me to juice _____ my presentation with more colorful illustrations.
A. down B. up C. over D. off
2. Every Christmas of my childhood was the same. My father _____ late for lunch, weighed down with presents for
the family.
A. would arrive B. had arrived C. was arriving D. was used to arriving
3. Jack: Did you know Jim's car broke down on the highway late at night?
Jane: Unfortunately, that's a situation anyone _____.
A. might have to confront with B. might be confronted with
C. might be confronted D. might have been confronted
4. I don't like the way that Jack is always trying to _____ trouble between us.
A. dish out B. rub up C. stir up D. spark out
5. It’s time ____ so extravagant and started being a bit thriftier.
A. you will stop being B. you had stopped being
C. you stopped being D. you don’t be
6. ____ you’ve filled in the forms correctly, you shouldn’t have a problem opening a new account.
A. Unless B. Provided that C. But for D. Supposing
7. ____ she had no experience, they left her to her own devices.
A. Despite the fact that B. However C. While D. Nevertheless
8.The different colors of _____ the different temperatures of the stars’ surfaces.
A. the stars indicate B. indicating stars C. the indication that the stars D. stars indicating that
9. Only a few sounds produced by insects are heard by humans most of the sounds are pitched either too low or
too high.
A. in spite of B. because C. as a result of D. instead of
10. Mathematics helps meteorologists to predict the weather more accurately, to calculate the speed of storms, and
___.
A. for the wind to blow determines B. causes the wind blowing to determine
C. to determine what causes the wind to blow D. determine the wind’s blowing
11. Would passengers please _____ from using any electronic equipment until the plane is airborne?
A. refer B. resist C. restrain D. refrain
12. If you want to solve the problem forever, you must face a difficulty or danger boldly, that is, you must _____.
A. pull the bull's horns B. take the bull by horns C. blow your own horn D. be on the horns of a dilemma
13. The international conference of the Cardiological Association has been _____ in Cairo to discuss the revolutionary
discovery of doctor Gonzales from Mexico.
A. deployed B. collected C. mobilized D. summoned
14. If she wins the prize again this year, it'll be a real _____ in her cap.
A. nutshell B. gemstone C. feather D. landmark
15. When times are good, people can spend freely, but during bad times we have to _____ our spending.
A. multiple B. disperse C. curtail D. obstinate
16. The manager hesitated to assign the job to the newcomer as he was _____.
A. wet behind the ears B. feeling your ears burning C. ringing in your ears D. keeping your ears open
17. It is important to set goals to strive for in life; however, make sure they are attainable, otherwise they are nothing
more than just _____ dreams.
A. pipe B. cloud C. drain D. tube
18. With just a little preparation and regular feeding and watering, you can guarantee that you have a ________ of
colour throughout the summer.
A. disturbance B. riot C. demonstration D. rally
19. With a wide range of qualifications and a wealth of experience, Rosa is____ the most suitable candidate.
A. haphazardly B. begrudgingly C. indubitably D. jovially
20. Working night shifts at the weekend is _______ of any job in hospitality.
A. cut and thrust B. ebb and flow C. nuts and bolts D. part and parcel

Section 2. Complete each sentence with a suitable particle or preposition.

1. Ivan has an excellent memory – he can call ______ precise details of things that happened when he was a small
child.
2. A: “Did Amanda ever complete the project?”
B: “She’s almost finished. She just has a few minor problems left to iron ______.”
3. Tim distrusts his new friends and prefers to keep them ______ arm’s length.
4. I would advise you to think very carefully before you embark ______ a completely new career.
5. Unfortunately, most of the photos Terry took were ______ of focus.
6. The dentist told me that when the effect of the anaesthetic wore ______, I might feel a little pain. But it was more
than a little.
7. Their predictions were not borne ______ by subsequent events. In fact, the very opposite occurred.
8. To prevent soldiers from rebelling, the commander splits them into groups to play them off ______.
9. Close your eyes and try to conjure ______ a picture of a place where you feel at peace.
10. It’s going to be a financially difficult year for us, but we’ll just have to tough it ______. Things are bound to
get better soon.

Section 3. Write the correct form of the words given in the brackets.
TSUNAMIS
The Indian Ocean tsunami which occurred on December 26, 2004 caused (1. PRECEDENT) ... disaster and claimed
the (2.PRICE)………… lives of more than 300,000 persons (3.WORLD) ... . Among the conditions which contributed
to the disaster were the enormous scale of the tsunami itself and (4.ADEQUATE) ... in the infrastructure, including
tsunami disaster prevention facilities, evacuation facilities, emergency information communication systems, and
others. However, it is (5. REGRET) ... to think that at least the loss of human life would not have been so (6.
EXTEND) ... if proper awareness and scientific knowledge in connection with tsunamis had been more (7. WIDE) ...
and information on the tsunami had been transmitted quickly. In (8.VIRTUE) ... all cases, tsunamis are caused by
submarine earthquakes, and these earthquakes bear no relation to the seasons, or time of day. Current technology has
not (9.CLEAR)………the phenomena that could give warning of an (10.PEND) ... earthquake, and thus has not
reached the stage where it is possible to predict earthquakes in advance.

Section 4: The passage below contains 10 mistakes. Identify the mistakes and write the corrections
For at less five centuries attempts have been made to devise a system of notation to record the
sequence of movement in dances. Scholars believe that the ancient Egyptians made use of
hieroglyphs to do this and that Romans employed a method of notation for formal gestures. However,
the earliest known attempt, recording in two manuscripts preserved in the Municipal Archives of
Cervera, Spain, dates from the second half of the fifteenth century. From that time, many other
systems have been devised. Some were published and achieved a measure of popularity for a while,
but almost all, until the present day, fell eventually in disuse.
It is significant that music notation, which opened the way for development in the art of music as we
know it today, was first conceived in their modern form in the eleventh century, but was not
established as a uniform system till the beginning of the eighteenth. Dance notation got off to a much
later start and has undergone a long success of false attempts. Those so many successful beginnings
were made is not surprising. Dance is more complex than music lest it exists in space as well as in
time and because the body itself is capable of so many simultaneous modes of action. Consequently,
the problems of formulating a movement notation that can be easily written and read are numerical.
C. READING
Part 1. Read the following passage and circle the best answer to each of the following questions.
Campaigners angry at new British police tracking system
Civil liberties campaigners have reacted angrily to the announcement that the largest police force in Britain has
purchased a revolutionary computer system which will allow them to track everything a person does online in a three-
dimensional graphic. The Metropolitan Police service, responsible for policing London, announced the purchase of
Geotime, a computer program which can correlate information from satellites, mobile phones, social networking
websites, IP logs and financial transactions. The software is already used by the U.S. military.
Lawyers and campaigners have questioned whether innocent individuals may be tracked by the software, likened to a
computer program in the science fiction film Minority Report. Sarah McSherry, a lawyer representing a number of
protesters, (1)_____ fears officers could breach data protection laws by tracking innocent protesters, endangering the
democratic rights of demonstrators. "We have already seen the (2)_____ of a number of tactics which (3)_____ the
right to peaceful protest, privacy and freedom of expression, assembly and movement. All of these have a (4)_____
effect on participation in peaceful protest," she said. "This latest tool could also be used in a wholly invasive way and
could fly in the face of the role of the police to facilitate rather than (5)_____ the activities of democratic protesters."
Geotime correlates information from numerous sources allowing intelligence officers to view effectively every online
move made by individuals, and its website says it can link one suspect to others. The computer software can reportedly
create links between people and reveal relationships and private communications, (6)_____ "temporal patterns and
behaviours." A product director at the parent company, Oculus, said the program is available to purchase
commercially.
A number of academics and intelligence experts have said the program could lead to more (7)_____ in terrorism and
organised crime investigations, with one professor describing its use as "absolutely right." In contrast, an official at
Privacy International called on police to explain how the software would be used. "Once millions and millions of
pieces of microdata are aggregated, you end up with this very high-resolution picture of somebody, and this is
effectively what they are doing here," he said. "We shouldn't be tracked and (8)_____ and have pictures built by our
own government and police for the benefit of commercial gain."
Data protection in Britain has become a major issue among public debate in recent years. The most recent (9)_____ to
emerge came last week after an elderly man with no criminal record was given permission to take senior officers who
systematically recorded details of his attendance at peaceful protests to the High Court. The Metropolitan Police have
not yet confirmed how the computer system will be used, but they are researching numerous possibilities; a
spokesperson said they were still (10)_____ whether they would permanently use the technology but declined to
confirm how much it cost.
1. A. caused B. warned C. raised D. questioned
2. A. exploitation B. vaccination C. utilization D. probation
3. A. infringe B. increase C. increment D. instill
4. A. chilling B. soothing C. cooling D. calming
5. A. increase B. enquire C. enact D. impede
6. A. withdrawing B. disclosing C. mocking D. harrassing
7. A. legislation B. legalization C. attribution D. convictions
8. A. backed B. traced C. held D. fed
9. A. controvery B. assumption C. contribution D. deterioration
10. A. promoting B. stimulating C. assessing D. demanding

United Parcel Service (UPS) believes that its employees should give the firm a fair day’s work for a fair’s day
pay. The package delivery firm seems willing to give more than a fair’s day pay. But in (1) ____, UPS expects
maximum output from its employees.
Since 1920s, the firm’s industrial engineers have been studying every detail of every task (2) ____ by most
UPS employees. From their studies have come time and motion standards that (3) ____ how those tasks are performed
and how long they should take. Drivers, for example, are expected to walk to a customer’s door at a speed of exactly
three feet per second. They are told to knock as soon as they get there, rather than (4) ____ time looking for a doorbell.
Work engineers are (5) ____ riding with drivers, timing everything from stops at traffic lights, to wait at
customers’ doorway, to stairway climbs, to coffee break. And they are not (6) ____ to pointing out the occasional
inefficiency. Additionally, supervisors ride with the least good drivers, noting how they work and constantly (7) ____
them until their work is up to standard.
The (8) ____of all this work engineering is efficiency, and UPS has been called one of the most efficient
companies anywhere. It's also a highly profitable company. Most drivers take the regimentation in stride: many show
(9) ____ in meeting the UPS standards each day. Others, however, feel that they are constantly being pushed, that it is
impossible for them to (10) ____ at work. UPS officials claim that the standards provide accountability. And, they say,
employees who work according to UPS standards should feel less tired at the end of the day.

1. A. fact B. exchange C. return D. short

2. A. hold B. performed C. accepted D. under
3. A. indicate B. govern C. demonstrate D. tell
4. A. wasting B. spend C. spending D. waste
5. A. consistently B. continually C. constructively D. chronically
6. A. impolite B. brave C. intimate D. averse
7. A. scolding B. criticizing C. encouraging D. correcting
8. A. task B. reason C. object D. target
9. A. pride B. passion C. interest D. pleasure
10. A. rest B. relieve C. relax D. restrain

Part 2. Read the following text and fill in the blank with ONE suitable word.
The huge stone figures of Easter Island have beguiled explorers, researchers and the wider world (1) ______
centuries, but now experts say they have cracked one of the biggest mysteries: why the statues are where they are.
Researchers say they have analysed the locations of the megalithic platforms (2) ______ which many of the
statues known as moai sit, as well as scrutinising sites of the island’s resources, and have discovered the structures are
typically found close (3) ______ sources of fresh water. This led to the belief that such constructions could be tied to
the abundance and quality of the supplies.
 Professor Carl Lipo from Binghamton University in New York commented that (4) ______ is important about
the findings is that the statue locations seem to carry a symbolic meaning to them while integrating into the lives of the
community, rather than being a weird ritual place. Easter Island has more than 300 megalithic platforms, (5) ______ of
which might have been made by a separate community. The first of these are believed to have been constructed in the
13th century.
It is thought the monuments represent ancestors and were linked to ritual activity, forming a focal point for
communities, (6) ______ the reason for their locations was previously unsolved. (7) ______ studies have suggested the
sites might have been chosen because of a link to key resources, the team says the latest research is the first attempt to
scrutinise such claims.
The team (8) ______ on the east of the island, where various resources have been well mapped, and looked at the
distribution of 93 megalithic platforms constructed (9) ______ European sailors arrived later in the 18th century.
After finding (10) ______ link to the proximity of rock used for tools or for the monuments, they looked at
whether the statues were found near other important resources: gardens spread with stones in which crops like sweet
potatoes were grown, fishing sites, and sources of freshwater.

Part 3. Read the following passage and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap.
Shadow puppetry
Shadow puppetry is a traditional art form that often goes unappreciated in modern times. A large part of the
appeal of puppet shows is the craftsmanship behind the creation of the actual puppets. In shadow puppetry, on the
other hand, the puppets remain unseen, so real the artistry is in the presentation. The combination of the puppet's
shape, the background screen, and the light itself creates the overall effect of the shadow puppet show. The task of the
director is to ensure these elements are working together harmoniously in order to produce the optimal experience for
the audience.
The screen is the medium through which the audience experiences the performance, so selecting the best
screen is essential. First, it must transmit as much light as possible to better capture the shape of the puppet. However,
it shouldn't transmit so much light that the puppeteer is visible. The material should obviously be durable but thin. A
thin material gives superior definition to the edges of the shadows. Traditionally, cotton was used for the screen, but it
was very grainy. As new kinds of textiles have been developed, more suitable materials have become the standard.
Silk works well but is very expensive. A more affordable option is vinyl, which is thin and transmits light evenly. The
only problem is that it stretches too easily. In order to allow the puppets to press up against the screen, it must be
strung very tightly. If the material stretches too easily, it will sag.
One unique challenge for the puppet show director is that the presentation is two-dimensional. The screen is
flat, so puppets can only move forwards and backwards. In order to create a three - dimensional appearance, directors
often design a set in which the background is smaller than the foreground. Then, by using different - sized puppets at
different heights on the screen, a more interesting scene can be created. If the script requires two puppets to pass by
each other, it can be accurately reproduced on the screen. The "fade-out" is a common tool used by directors to avoid
this problem. In this technique, the puppet is moved away from the screen, and the image becomes fuzzy before
fading out altogether.
Having chosen a screen and designed the set, the next step is to determine the light that will be used. There are
several factors to be considered: intensity, spread, and angle. Naturally, more light is required behind the screen than
in front. The power or intensity of this light is best determined through experimentation. If the light is too bright, it
will appear harsh to audience members positioned close to the screen. Dim light, though harder to see, can create an
intimate mood. The intensity of the light can be manipulated throughout the performance by using a dimmer switch.
Spread describes how the intensity of light is dispersed over the screen. If it is too focused on the centered, it
can leave dark areas at the edges. In contrast, if the spread is too wide, light might spill over the edges of the screen,
thus producing shadows of objects that aren't supposed to be part of the performance. Additionally, the angle at which
the light hits the screen will affect the spread. The director can manipulate the angle of the light in order to alter the
shape and size of the puppets and to create dramatic effects. The shadow puppet show is an art that goes beyond the
construction of the puppets and the performance of the script. Finding the optimal combination of light and shadow
involves careful planning and meticulous design. Every detail must be considered and controlled in relation to every
other detail, making shadow puppetry an art of precision.
1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word " produce" as used in paragraph 1?
A. fresh food B. create C. pay for D. oversee.
2. The word " harsh " in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A. very cold B. crisp C. insulting D. severe.
3. What word does "it" refer to in paragraph 2 ?
A. option B. vinyl C. light D. problem.
4. In paragraph 2, the author explains the importance of the screen by :
A. showing how difficult it is to find good material. B. explaining the elements to be considered.
C. saying what it is used for. D. giving examples of materials.
5. According to the passage, which of the following can cause unwanted shadows?
A. A light that is too bright B. A light that is not bright enough
C. A light that is focused D. A light that is not focused enough.
6. What does "this technique" refer to in paragraph 3
A. Using different - sized puppets B. The script
C. Using a smaller background D. The "fade-out".
7. Which of the following sentences best expresses the essential information of the highlighted sentence? Incorrect
choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
A. Shadow puppetry, in contrast, is a truly artistic show.
B. Because the puppeteers remain out of sight in shadow puppetry, the presentation becomes more expensive.
C. In contrast, the true skill and appeal in shadow puppetry lies in the presentation, as the actual puppets are kept
hidden.
D. Similarly, in shadow puppetry, the true skill is in the presentation of the show.
8. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To inspire people to become shadow puppeteers.
B. To increase the popularity of puppet shows.
C. To show how shadow puppetry is better than regular puppetry.
D. To demonstrate the challenges involved in shadow puppetry.
9. All of the following are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT:
A. color B. intensity C. spread D. angle.
10. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 1 about regular, non - shadow puppet shows?
A. They are not as good as shadow puppet shows. B. They are easier to produce than shadow puppet shows.
C. Most of the work happens before the show. D. It's not really an art form.
Part 4. Read the following extract and answer do the tasks that follow.
Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B-G from the list of headings below. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes.
List of Headings Example Answer
i. Gender bias in televised sport Paragraph A v
ii. More money-making opportunities 1. Paragraph B
iii. Mixed views on TV’s role in sports 2. Paragraph C
iv. Tickets to top matches too expensive 3. Paragraph D
v. A common misperception 4. Paragraph E
vi. Personal stories become the focus 5. Paragraph F
vii. Sports people become stars 6. Paragraph G
viii. Rules changed to please viewers 7. Paragraph H
ix. Lower-level teams lose out
x. Skill levels improve
xi. TV appeal influences sports’ success
Television and Sport
when the medium becomes the stadium
A.
The relationship between television and sports is not widely thought of as problematic. For many people, television is
a simple medium through which sports can be played, replayed, slowed down, and of course conveniently transmitted
live to homes across the planet. What is often overlooked, however, is how television networks have reshaped the very
foundations of an industry that they claim only to document. Major television stations immediately seized the revenue-
generating prospects of televising sports and this has changed everything, from how they are played to who has a
chance to watch them.
B.
Before television, for example, live matches could only be viewed in person. For the majority of fans, who were
unable to afford tickets to the top-flight matches, or to travel the long distances required to see them, the only option
was to attend a local game instead, where the stakes were much lower. As a result, thriving social networks and
sporting communities formed around the efforts of teams in the third and fourth divisions and below. With the advent
of live TV, however, premier matches suddenly became affordable and accessible to hundreds of millions of new
viewers. This shift in viewing patterns vacuumed out the support base of local clubs, many of which ultimately folded.
C.
For those on the more prosperous side of this shift in viewing behaviour, however, the financial rewards are
substantial. Television assisted in derailing long-held concerns in many sports about whether athletes should remain
amateurs or ‘go pro’, and replaced this system with a new paradigm where nearly all athletes are free to pursue
stardom and to make money from their sporting prowess. For the last few decades, top-level sports men and women
have signed lucrative endorsement deals and sponsorship contracts, turning many into multi-millionaires and also
allowing them to focus full-time on what really drives them. That they can do all this without harming their prospects
at the Olympic Games and other major competitions is a significant benefit for these athletes.
D.
The effects of television extend further, however, and in many instances have led to changes in sporting codes
themselves. Prior to televised coverage of the Winter Olympics, for example, figure skating involved a component in
which skaters drew ‘figures’ in the ice, which were later evaluated for the precision of their shapes. This component
translated poorly to the small screen, as viewers found the whole procedure, including the judging of minute scratches
on ice, to be monotonous and dull. Ultimately, figures were scrapped in favour of a short programme featuring more
telegenic twists and jumps. Other sports are awash with similar regulatory shifts - passing the ball back to the
goalkeeper was banned in football after gameplay at the 1990 World Cup was deemed overly defensive by television
viewers.
E.
In addition to insinuating changes into sporting regulation, television also tends to favour some individual sports over
others. Some events, such as the Tour de France, appear to benefit: on television it can be viewed in its entirety,
whereas on-site enthusiasts will only witness a tiny part of the spectacle. Wrestling, perhaps due to an image problem
that repelled younger (and highly prized) television viewers, was scheduled for removal from the 2020 Olympic
Games despite being a founding sport and a fixture of the Olympics since 708 BC. Only after a fervent outcry from
supporters was that decision overturned.
F.
Another change in the sporting landscape that television has triggered is the framing of sports not merely in terms of
the level of skill and athleticism involved, but as personal narratives of triumph, shame and redemption on the part of
individual competitors. This is made easier and more convincing through the power of close-up camera shots, profiles
and commentary shown during extended build-ups to live events. It also attracts television audiences - particularly
women - who may be less interested in the intricacies of the sport than they are in broader ‘human interest’ stories. As
a result, many viewers are now more familiar with the private agonies of famous athletes than with their record scores
or match- day tactics.
G.
And what about the effects of male television viewership? Certainly, men have always been willing to watch male
athletes at the top of their game, but female athletes participating in the same sports have typically attracted far less
interest and, as a result, have suffered greatly reduced exposure on television. Those sports where women can draw the
crowds - beach volleyball, for example - are often those where female participants are encouraged to dress and behave
in ways oriented specifically toward a male demographic.
H.
Does all this suggest the influence of television on sports has been overwhelmingly negative? The answer will almost
certainly depend on who among the various stakeholders is asked. For all those who have lost out - lower-league
teams, athletes whose sports lack a certain visual appeal - there are numerous others who have benefitted enormously
from the partnership between television and sports, and whose livelihoods now depend on it.
Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage?
YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer
NOTGIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thank about this
8 Television networks were slow to recognise opportunities to make money from televised sport.
9 The average sports fan travelled a long way to watch matches before live television broadcasts.
10 Television has reduced the significance of an athlete’s amateur status.
11 The best athletes are now more interested in financial success rather than sporting achievement.
Questions 12–14: Complete the notes below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each
answer.
Effect of television on individual sports
Ice skating – viewers find ‘figures’ boring so they are replaced with a 12____________.
Back-passing banned in football.
Tour de France great for TV, but wrestling initially dropped from Olympic Games due to 13____________.
Beach volleyball aimed at 14____________.
D. WRITING
Rewrite these sentences, using the word given. Do not change the words given. You must use between three and
eight words including the words given:
1. Please call at once if you encounter any problems.
Should you ____________________________________________________ call.
2. The number of customers re-ordering goods from the company has increased.
There_________________________ customers re-ordering goods from the company.
3. As part of its restructuring program, the company is laying off some employees.
Some _______________________________ as part of the company’s restructuring program.
4. Although we all expected Toby to apply for the job, he decided not to.
Contrary__________________________________________ applying for the job.
5. “Please, please, don’t tell my mother what you’ve seen”, Marie said to Darren.
Marie________________________________________________ what he had seen.
Rewrite these sentences using the given words. You should not change the given words
1. I lost my temper with her the other day and it has been worrying me ever since. (MIND)
2. There’s a bit of a shock waiting for him when he gets home tonight. (STORE)
3. Many small enterprises will go bankrupt if the government does not give them financial help immediately.
(PRESENT) ______________________________________________________________________
4. I spent nearly a day cleaning that kitchen. (BEST)
5. Sue couldn’t explain how she’d come to mislay her keys. (LOSS)