IMPRESSION MATERIALS - Notes
IMPRESSION MATERIALS - Notes
IMPRESSION MATERIALS - Notes
composition.
• Are used to form replicas or copies of teeth and
other oral structures. Impression Trays
• The impression is a negative reproduction while
• Are appliance used to reach the patient’s mouth
the model or cast is the positive reproduction.
• Kinds of trays:
o Once impression making is done, the
1. Stock Tray – used for modelling compound
gypsum products now can be poured
for preliminary impression. It is commonly
and come up with a model cast
used for edentulous cases.
• Objective is to copy accurately the teeth and
• Once you already have the negative
other structures in the oral cavity.
copy (impression), you need to
Requirements of Good Impression Material come up with the cast and the
gypsum that will be used in this
• Good flow property
particular case is the plaster of Paris.
o Should reach even the deepest area of
Once the plaster of Paris is poured
oral cavity
and set, you now have the
• Good dimensional stability (don’t shrink or preliminary cast/diagnostic cast
expand after setting)
• Reasonable cost Materials used:
• Easy to manipulate Stock tray, Modeling
• Biocompatible compound, Plaster of
• Should have adhesive property Paris = Preliminary
• Compatible with the cast cast/ diagnostic cast
• Good storage life
• Palatable taste
• Appropriate setting time 2. Perforated Tray – used when impression
• No toxic agents materials do not adhere to the tray.
• Enough strength to withstand withdrawal from • It’s a metal tray with perforations
the patient’s mouth • The purpose of these perforations is
for the material to adhere to the
Setting Mechanism
tray, so that it will stick, it also serves
• Impression materials can set by means of as retention form.
reversible or irreversible reactions. • It is normally used for preliminary
• Irreversible Reaction implies that chemical impression in cases of doing crowns,
reaction had occurred and that the material bridges, Removable Partial Denture,
cannot revert to its present state, example: restoration procedures and also for
alginate, ZOE impression paste, impression final impression.
plaster and elastomeric impression materials.
o For example, the alginate which is in
Materials Used:
powdered form, once mixed with water
there will be a chemical reaction and Alginate or rubber
once the material sets, you cannot impression material
return it back to its original condition. (condensation silicon)
• Reversible materials softened under heat and
3. Rim-Lock Tray
solidify when they are cooled, with no chemical
change taking place, example reversible • Basically, it is made of metal but
hydrocolloid and impression compound. unlike the perforated tray, the rim-
o For example, once the modeling lock tray doesn’t have perforation
compound is manipulated and have
• It has a very thin elevated metal on 5. Water-Cooled – used for agar impression
the palatal area as well as on its • It’s a specialized tray that are
edges of the tray normally used in agar impression
• The elevated metal will serve as a material.
lock when placing an impression 6. Disposable Tray – made of plastic
material. It will retain the material • It can be adjusted by heating it and
inside the tray softening the edges of the tray to fit
in the patient’s mouth.
Rebasing
Uses of ZOE
(7 O’ CLOCK)
Preparing – Dosage Impression - Fixing
Reversible Hydrocolloid/Agar
Composition of Agar
Manipulation of Agar
A B C
98-100⁰ C 64-68⁰ C 44-48⁰
Liquefying Storing Temp. Tempering
Temp. Temp.
• Liquefy the hydrocolloid gel in boiling water in
compartment A for 10 minutes
Tray filled with
• After the agar hydrocolloid material has been impression material
liquefied, it may be stored in the sol condition placed in tempering
(compartment B) at 65°C until it is needed for bath
injection into the cavity preparation or for a
filling a tray
• When the sol is needed, transfer it to
compartment C as that the temperature will be
tolerable by the patient
o Tempering time is 3-10 minutes
Cartridge of liquefied
o Cover the tray with gauze pad so that the
hydrocolloid is removed
contaminated surface layer of agar can
from storage bath
be removed
o Tempering also increases the viscosity of
agar
• Procedure:
Cartridge of impression
material is loaded into
Tray material
syringe
Syringe material
• Armamentarium
Conditioning unit
Completed impression
Disadvantages
Properties of Agar
Reversible Hydrocolloids