5 Quick Guide ACI 212.3 PRAN Vs PRAH CHPT 15 Explained 2pgs

QUICK GUIDE
ACI 212.3-10
CHAPTER 15 PERMEABILITY REDUCING ADMIXTURES
Chapter 15 is intended to assist specifiers to choose the correct product for their site conditions.
Chapter 15 replaces vague and confusing terms like waterproofing and dampproofing with precise
terms like permeability reducing admixtures (PRA).
Chapter 15 further categorizes PRAs according to their suitability for service in hydrostatic conditions
(PRAH) or non-hydrostatic conditions (PRAN)
PRAH’s are typically based on this material:

1. Crystalline chemicals – hydrophilic chemicals that react with cement and water to fill the pores
and reduce water penetration. Provides permanent water resistance that continuously improves
over time.
PRAN’s are typically based on one or a combination of these materials:

1. Hydrophobic or water repellent chemicals – stearates, soaps, oils etc. designed to increase
repellency and reduce absorption.
2. Finely Divided Solids – clay, silica, silicates, polymers etc designed to take up space and densify
OLD NEW
NOTES*
(INFORMAL) (FORMAL)
Permeability • Water penetration is reduced by a pore blocking mechanism (crystal-

Reducing line growth or polymer plug)
Waterproofing Admixture - • The pore blocking materials are sufficiently stable to resist water
Admixture Hydrostatic Conditions under pressure.
• The admixture is suitable for use in watertight construction (base-
(PRAH) ments, water tanks etc).
Permeability
• Water absorption is reduced by treatment with water repellent chemi-
Reducing
cals (soaps, oils) or partial pore blocking (fine particle fillers)
Damproofing Admixture -
• Resistance to water under pressure is limited or non-existent.
Admixture Non-Hydrostatic Conditions
• These admixtures are not suitable for concrete exposed to water
under pressure.
(PRAN)
*Adapted from ACI 212.3R-10, Table – Admixtures, their Characteristics, and Usage (page 2)
*Also appears in Table 7.1 – Design and Control of Concrete Admixtures, 15th edition (2011)
Kryton International Inc.

1645 East Kent Avenue, Vancouver BC, Canada V5P 2S8 | tel 1.604.324.8280 | fax 1.604.324.8899 | toll free 1.800.267.8280 | web kryton.com
1
Kryton, Krystol and KIM are trademarks of Kryton International Inc. © 2013
QUICK GUIDE
ACI 212.3-10
CHAPTER 15 PERMEABILITY REDUCING ADMIXTURES
The key to categorization is performance, not merely chemistry make-up.
Chapter 15 describes appropriate tests to be those that exert hydrostatic pressure on concrete
samples such as USACE CRD C-48, DIN 1048: Part 5 and BS EN 12390.
Chapter 15 suggests that permeability reductions in the order of 50 to 90% should be expected for a
product categorized as a PRAH.
KIM achieves permeability reduction of 70% as tested to BS EN 12390 by the British Board of
Agrément (BBA) - the highest of any product reviewed.
Table 15.1 - Reduction in Permeability of Concrete using PRA's
COEFFICIENT OF COEFFICIENT OF
PERCENT REDUCTION
ADMIXTURE TYPE PERMEABILITY OF PERMEABILITY OF
IN PERMEABILITY
REFERENCE CONCRETE TEST CONCRETE
Crystalline1 4.29 x 10-14 1.28 x 10-14 70%
Colloidal Silica2 1.98 x 10-13 1.61 x 10-13 19%
Hydrophobic Pore Blocker3 2.23 x 10-12 1.14 x 10-12 49%
KIM-HS (crystalline), 2Sika Watertight System (finely divided solid), 3Caltite (polymer)
1
Data based on BBA test results
Kryton’s KIM admixture is the reference example given by Chapter 15 for a PRAH. All of the data for
crystalline products contained in the chapter are in fact data for KIM taken from various third party test
reports including our BBA certification.
Chapter 15 also notes that self-sealing is an important component of a product categorized as a PRAH.
KIM demonstates self-sealing as tested through independent, third-party testing (Skoglund and
Johansson).
Chapter 15 identifies hydrophilic crystalline products as the only type of product that can be categorized
as a PRAH, but only if it passes the tests described for determining suitability for use in hydrostatic
conditions.
KIM is the only crystalline product that has been independently shown to pass the tests and achieve the
results that Chapter 15 describes for being categorized as a PRAH.
Kryton International Inc.

1645 East Kent Avenue, Vancouver BC, Canada V5P 2S8 | tel 1.604.324.8280 | fax 1.604.324.8899 | toll free 1.800.267.8280 | web kryton.com
2
Kryton, Krystol and KIM are trademarks of Kryton International Inc. © 2013

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QUICK GUIDE

PRAH’s are typically based on this material:

PRAN’s are typically based on one or a combination of these materials:

Permeability • Water penetration is reduced by a pore blocking mechanism (crystal-

Kryton International Inc.

The key to categorization is performance, not merely chemistry make-up.

Table 15.1 - Reduction in Permeability of Concrete using PRA's

Crystalline1 4.29 x 10-14 1.28 x 10-14 70%

Colloidal Silica2 1.98 x 10-13 1.61 x 10-13 19%

Hydrophobic Pore Blocker3 2.23 x 10-12 1.14 x 10-12 49%

Data based on BBA test results

Kryton International Inc.

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