Psychology For Print

PSYCHOLOGY
The word “psychology” comes from the

Greek word psyche meaning “breath, spirit,
soul”, and the Greek word logia meaning
the study of something.
It is the study of the mind and behavior,
according to the American Psychological
Association. It “embraces all aspects of the
human experience, from the functions of
the brain to the actions of nations, from
child development to care for the aged.”
Branches of Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Integrates science, theory, and practice in order to
understand, predict and relieve problems with
adjustment, disability, and discomfort. It promotes
adaption, adjustment, and personal development.
Cognitive Psychology
Investigates internal mental processes, such as
problem solving, memory, learning. And language. It
looks at how people think, perceive, communicate,
remember, and learn. It is closely related to
neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics.
Developmental Psychology
It is the scientific study of development across a
lifespan. Developmental psychologists are
interested in processes related to physical
maturation. However, their focus is not limited to
the physical changes associated with aging, as they
also focus on changes in cognitive skills, moral
reasoning, social behavior and other psychological
attributes.
Evolutionary Psychology
Looks at how human behavior, for example
language, has been affected by psychological
adjustments during evolution.
Forensic Psychology
Involves applying psychology to criminal
investigation and the law. A forensic psychologist
practices psychology as a science within the criminal
justice system and civil courts.
Health Psychology
Is also called behavioral medicine or medical
psychology. It observes how behavior, biology, and
social context influence illness and health.
Neuropsychology
Looks at the structure and function of the brain in
relation to behaviors and psychological processes. A
neuropsychology may be involved if a condition
involves lesions in the brain, and assessments that
involve recording electrical activity in the brain.
Occupational Psychology
Are involved in assessing and making
recommendations. About the performance of
people at work and in training.
Social Psychology
Uses scientific methods to understand how social
influences impact human behavior. It seeks to
explain how feelings, bebaxier, and thoughts are
influenced by the actual, imagined or implied
presence of other people.
Behavioral Psychology
Another critical field of study under the
development domain is that of learning and
behaviorism.
Personality
refers to the long-standing traits and patterns that
propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and
behave in specific ways. Our personality is what
makes us unique individuals.
Introspection
Means looking into oneself or self. Observations or
self analysis. It involves carefully examining and
reporting one’s own behavior, thoughts, emotions,
sensations and mental notes.
Personalities of
Psychology
Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt
The father of Psychology. He was a German
physiologist, philosopher, and professor, known
today as one of the fathers of modern psychology.
Wundt, who distinguished psychology as a science
from philosophy and biology, was the first person
ever to call himself a psychologist.
Sigmund Freud
Is often referred to as the “father of modern
psychology. “He was the founder of psychoanalysis,
a theory of how the mind works and a method of
helping people in mental distress.
B. F Skinner
B.F. Skinner was the 20th century’s most influential
psychologist, pioneering the science of behaviorism.
Inventor of the Skinner Box, he discovered the
power of positive reinforcement in learning, and he
designed the first psychological experiments to give
quantitatively repeatable and predictable results.
Ivan Pavlov
Ivan Pavlov was a Russian physiologist best known
in psychology for his discovery of classical
conditioning. During his studies on the digestive
systems of dogs, Pavlov noted that the animals
salivated naturally upon the presentation of food.

Psychology For Print

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PSYCHOLOGY

The word “psychology” comes from the

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