Troubleshooting A442
Troubleshooting A442
Troubleshooting A442
TROUBLESHOOTING
Trouble occurring in the electronically controlled transmission can stem from one of three
sources: the engine, the electronically controlled transmission electronic control unit or the
transmission itself. Before troubleshooting, determine in which these three sources the problem
lies, and begin troubleshooting with the simplest operation, gradually working up in order of
difficulty.
BASIC TROUBLESHOOTING
Before troubleshooting an electronically controlled transmission, first determine whether the
problem is electrical or mechanical. To do this, just refer to the basic troubleshooting flow−chart
provided below.
If the cause is already known, using the basic troubleshooting chart below a long with the general
troubleshooting chart on the following pages should speed the procedure.
Repair or Replace
Bad
Bad
NOTICE: Refer to ’94 A442F Automatic Transmission Repair Manual when * mark appears in the
column for page numbers.
Vehicle does not Manual linkage out of adjustment Adjust linkage AT−26
move in any forward Valve body or primary regulator faulty Inspect valve body *
position or reverse Parking lock pawl faulty Inspect parking lock pawl *
Torque converter clutch faulty Replace torque converter clutch AT−70
Converter drive plate broken Replace drive plate AT−71
Clean screen *
Oil pump intake screen blocked
Disassemble and inspect *
Transmission faulty transmission
Shift lever position Manual linkage out of adjustment Adjust linkage AT−26
incorrect Manual valve and lever faulty Inspect valve body *
Transmission faulty Disassemble and inspect *
transmission
Harsh engagement Throttle cable out of adjustment Adjust throttle cable AT−26
into any drive position Valve body or primary regulator faulty Inspect valve body *
Accumulator pistons faulty Inspect accumulator pistons *
Transmission faulty Disassemble and inspect *
transmission *
Delayed 1−2, 2−3 or Electronic control faulty Inspect electronic control AT−29
3−0/13 up−shift, or Valve body faulty Inspect valve body *
down−shift from Solenoid valve faulty Inspect solenoid valve AT−38, 39
OlD−3 or 3−2 and
shifts back to O/D
or 3
Slips on 1−2, 2−3 or Manual linkage out of adjustment Adjust linkage AT−26
3−0/1) up−shift, or Throttle cable out of adjustment Adjust throttle cable AT−26
slips or shudders on Valve body faulty inspect valve body *
acceleration Solenoid valve faulty Inspect solenoid valve AT−38, 39
Transmission faulty Disassemble and inspect *
transmission
NOTICE: Refer to ‘94 A442F Automatic Transmission Repair Manual when * mark appears in the
column for page numbers.
AT−26
Harsh dawn−shift Throttle cable out of adjustment Adjust throttle cable
AT−26
Throttle cable and cam faulty Inspect throttle cable and cam
Accumulator pistons faulty Inspect accumulator pistons
Valve body faulty Inspect valve body
Transmission faulty Disassemble and inspect
transmission
AT−38, 39
No down−shift when Valve body faulty Inspect valve body AT−29
coasting Solenoid valve faulty Inspect solenoid valve
Electronic control faulty Inspect electronic control
AT−26
Down−shift occurs Throttle cable faulty Inspect throttle cable AT−38, 39
too quickly or too Valve body faulty Inspect valve body AT−29
late while coasting Transmission faulty Disassemble and inspect
Solenoid valve faulty transmission
Electronic control faulty Inspect solenoid valve
Inspect− electronic control
Vehicle does not Manual linkage out of adjustment Adjust linkage AT−26
hold in P Parking lock pawl cam and spring faulty Inspect cam and spring AT−26
AT−17
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
1. A self−diagnosis function is built into the electrical
control system. Warning is indicated by the overdrive
OFF indicator light.
HINT: Warning and diagnostic trouble codes can be
read only when the overdrive switch is ON. If OFF, the
overdrive OFF light is lit continuously and will not
blink.
(a) If a malfunction occurs within the vehicle speed sen−
sors (No.1 or 2), solenoids (No.1 or 2), throttle sensor
or engine speed signal, the overdrive OFF indicator
light will blink to warn the driver.
However, there will be no warning of a malfunction
with lock−up solenoid.
(b) The diagnostic trouble code can be read by the
number of blinks of the overdrive OFF indicator light
when terminals TT and E, are connected. (See page AT
−18)
(c) The throttle position sensor or brake signal are not
indicated, but inspection can be made by checking the
voltage at terminal TT of the data link connector 1.
(d) The signals to each gear can be checked by measuring
the voltage at terminal TT of the data link connector 1
while driving.
2. The diagnostic trouble code is retained in memory by
the TCM and due to back−up voltage, is not canceled
out when the engine is turned off. Consequently, after
repair, it is necessary to turn the ignition switch off
and remove the DOME fuse (10A) or disconnect the
TCM connector to cancel out the diagnostic trouble
code. (See page AT−20)
HINT:
S Low battery positive voltage will cause faulty
operation of the diagnosis system. Therefore,
always check the battery first.
S Use a voltmeter and ohmmeter that have an im−
pedance of at least 10 kW/V.
CHECK “O/D OFF” INDICATOR LIGHT
1. Turn the ignition switch ON.
2. The “0/D OFF” light will come on when the O/D
switch is placed at OFF.
3. When the O/D switch is set to ON, the “0/D OFF”
light should go out.
If the “O/D OFF” light flashes when the 0/D switch is
set to ON, the electronic control system is faulty.
AT−18
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
TROUBLESHOOTING FLOW−CHART
HINT:
• If diagnostic trouble code Nos. 41, 42, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 86, 88 and are output, the
overdrive OFF indicator light will begin to blink immediately to warn the driver. However, an
impact or shock may cause the blinking to stop; but the code will still be retained in the TCM
memory until canceled out.
• There is no warning for diagnostic trouble code No.64 and 65.
• In the event of a simultaneous malfunction of both No.1 and No.2 vehicle speed sensors, no
diagnostic trouble code will appear and the fail−safe system will not function. However,
when driving in the D position, the transmission will not up−shift from first gear, regardless
of the vehicle speed.
Check continuity between ECM connector Replace wire harness between ECM
VA terminal and TCM connector VA ter− and TCM.
minal.
Check No. 1 vehicle speed sensor. Repair or replace No. 1 vehicle speed
(See page BE−48) sensor.
Check No.2 vehicle speed sensor, Repair or replace No.2 vehicle speed
(See page AT−39) sensor.
PRELIMINARY CHECK
1. CHECK FLUID LEVEL
HINT:
S The vehicle must have driven so that the engine
and transmission are at normal operating temper−
ature.
S Fluid temperature: 70−80_C (158−176_F)
Only use the COOL range on the dipstick as a
rough reference when the fluid is replaced or the
engine does not run.
(a) Park the vehicle on a level surface, set the parking
brake.
(b) With the engine idling, shift the shift lever into all
positions from P to L position and return to P position.
(c) Pull out the transmission dipstick and wipe it clean.
(d) Push it back fully into the tube.
(e) Pull it out and check that the fluid level is on the HOT
range.
If the level is at the low side, add fluid.
Fluid type:
ATF DEXRONr ll
NOTICE: Do not overfill.
2. CHECK FLUID CONDITION
If the fluid smells burnt or is black, replace it as every
manual follows.
(a) Remove the drain plug and drain the fluid.
(b) Reinstall the drain plug securely.
Torque: 27 N−m (280 kgf−cm, 20 ft.bf)
(c) With the engine OFF, add new fluid through the oil
filler tube.
Fluid type:
ATF DEXRONr ll
Capacity:
Total
15.4 liters (16.3 US qts, 13.6 Imp.qts)
Drain and refill
6.0 liters (6.3 US qts, 5.3 Imp.qts)
(d) Start the engine and shift the shift lever into all posi−
tions from P to L position and then shift into P posi−
tion.
(e) With the engine idling, check the fluid level. Add fluid
up to the COOL level on the dipstick.
AT−26
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
(f) Check the fluid level with the normal operating tem−
perature 70 − 80_ C (158 −176_ F) and add as necessary.
NOTICE: Do not overfill.
Solenoid Valve Gear Solenoid Valve Gear Solenoid Valve Solenoid Valve Gear
Gear
Position No. 1 Position No. 1 Position No. 1 Position
Position No. 1 No. 2 No. 2 No. 2 No.2
ON 3rd
OFF 1 st (OFF) O/D
(O/D)
OFF O/D
D positon 2nd 3rd (ON) t 1 SO O/D
ELECTRONIC CONTROL
COMPONENTS
AT−31
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
TROUBLESHOOTING FLOW−CHART
Warm up engine
Coolant temp.: 800C (1760F)
S ATF temp.: 50 − 80_C
(122 − 1760F)
Yes
Is voltage between TCM terminals BK and Brake signal
GND as follows. faulty
0 − 1.5 V: Brake pedal released
10 − 14 V: Brake pedal depressed
Yes
S Throttle position signal faulty
S TT terminal wire open or short
Yes
0 −7V S Transmission faulty
Connect solenoid wire connector and road
test. S Solenoid faulty
Does check connector TT terminal voltage rise 0−5V
from 0 V to 7 V in sequence? Proceed to trouble 3 (AT−33)
0
Yes
Are there 10 − 14 V between TCM terminals
L − GND when in the D position
Yes
S Park/neutral position switch circuit faulty
S Park/neutral position switch faulty
Warn n up engine
Coolant temp.: 800C (1760F)
ATF temp.: 50 − 80_C
0 22 − 176_F)
Yes
Yes
Warm up engine
Coolant temp.: 80_C 0 76oF)
ATF temp.: 50 − 80_C
(122 − 1760F)
Yes
Connect solenoid wire connector, and while 0−7V S Faulty transmission
driving does check connector TT terminal S Faulty solenoid
voltage rise from 0 V to 7 V in sequence?
0−2V Are there 10 − 14 V between TCM
0−5V
terminals Z − GND when in the 0 posi−
tion
Yes
Yes
Is voltage between TCM terminals OD2 and S Faulty O/D switch harness
GND as follows? S Faulty O/D switch
O/D switch turn ON: 10 − 14 V S Faulty transmission
0!D switch turn OFF: 0 − 2 V
Yes
Yes
Is voltage between TCM terminals OD 1 and Try another TCM
G ND as follows?
0 − 3V
Yes
Is voltage between TC M terminals C/C and Faulty cruise control ECU
G ND normal with the cruise control ECU con−
nector pulled out?
S Faulty ECM
S Faulty cruise control wire harness
AT−34
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
Warm up engine
Coolant temp.: 800C (1760F)
ATF temp.: 50 − 80_C
(122 − 176_F)
Yes
Q03115
ESA 1 − GND Engine idling speed (Engine start after 10 second) 4.5 − 5.5
ESA2 − GND Engine idling speed (Engine start after 10 second) 4.5 − 5.5
ESA3 − GND Engine idling speed (Engine start after 10 second) 4.5−5.5
Transfer position is L4 position 7.5 − 14
L4 − G N D
Transfer position is except L4 position 0 − 1.5
2. INSPECT SOLENOID
(a) Disconnect the connector from TCM.
(b) Measure the resistance between S,, S2, SL, ST and
ground.
Resistance:
11−150
(c) Apply battery positive voltage to each terminal. Check
that an operation noise can be heard from the sole−
noid.
Throttle valve
condition Resistance (kQ)
Terminal
Fully closed 2.3 kS2 or less
IDL − E2
Open Infinity
VC − E2 2.5− 5.9
Fully closed 0.2 − 5.7
VTA − E2
Fully open 2.0− 10.2
Pattern
PW R
NORM
V02104
AT−40
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
OFF
A / T FLUID TEMPERATURE
WARNING SYSTEM CIRCUIT
STALL TEST
The objective of this test is to check the overall performance of the transmission and engine by
measuring the stall speeds in the D and R positions.
NOTICE:
S Perform the test at normal operating fluid temperature 50−$0_C (122−116_F).
S Do not continuously run this test longer than 5 seconds.
S To ensure safety, conduct this test in a wide, clear, level area, which provides good traction.
S The stall test should always be carried out in pairs. One should observe the conditions of wheels
or wheel stoppers outside the vehicle while the other is performing the test.
MEASURE STALL SPEED
(a) Warm up the transmission fluid.
(b) Chock the front and rear wheels.
(c) Connect a tachometer to the engine.
(d) Fully apply the parking brake.
(e) Keep your left foot pressed firmly on the brake pedal.
(f) Start the engine.
(g) Shift into the D position. Step all the way down on the accelerator pedal with your right foot.
Quickly read the stall speed at this time.
NOTICE: Release the accelerator pedal and stop test if the rear wheels begin to rotate before the
engine speed reaches specified stall speed.
Stall speed:
2,150+150 rpm
(g) Perform the same test in R position.
Quickly read the stall speed at this time.
Stall speed:
2,150+150 rpm
EVALUATION
(a) If the stall speed is the same for both positions but lower than specified value:
S Engine output may be insufficient
S Stator one−way clutch is not operating properly
HINT: If more than 600 RPM below the specified value, the torque converter clutch could be
faulty.
(b) If the stall speed in D position is higher than specified:
S Line pressure too low
S Forward clutch slipping
S No.2 one−way clutch not operating properly
S 0/D one−way clutch not operating properly
(c) If the stall speed in R position is higher than specified:
S Line pressure too low
S Direct clutch slipping
S First and reverse brake slipping
S 0/D one−way clutch not operating properly
(d) If the stall speed in both R and D positions are higher than specified:
S Line pressure too low
S Improper fluid level
S 0/D one−way clutch not operating properly
AT−43
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
AT−44
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
HYDRAULIC TEST
PREPARATION
(a) Warm up the transmission fluid.
(b) Remove the transmission case test plug and connect the hydraulic pressure gauge.
SST 09992−00094 (Oil pressure gauge)
NOTICE:
S Perform the test at normal operating fluid temperature 50−$0_ C (122−176_ F).
S The line pressure test should always be carried out in pairs. One should observe the conditions of
wheels or wheel stoppers outside the vehicle while the other is performing the test.
MEASURE LINE PRESSURE
(a) Fully apply the parking brake and chock the 4 wheels.
(b) Start the engine and check idling RPM.
(c) Keep your left foot pressed firmly on the brake pedal and shift into D position.
(d) Measure the line pressure when the engine is idling.
(e) Press the accelerator pedal all the way down. Quickly read the highest line pressure when engine
speed reaches stall speed.
NOTICE: Release the accelerator pedal and stop test if the rear wheels begin to rotate before the
engine speed reaches specified stall speed.
(f) In the same manner, perform the test in R position.
Line pressure:
If the measured pressures are not up to specified values, recheck the throttle cable adjustment
and perform a retest.
AT−47
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
EVALUATION
(a) If the measured values at all positions are higher than specified:
S Throttle cable out of adjustment
S Throttle valve defective
S Regulator valve defective
(b) If the measured values at all positions are lower than specified:
S Throttle valve defective
S Throttle cable out of adjustment
S Regulator valve defective
S Oil pump defective
S O/D direct clutch defective
(c) If pressure is low in the D position only:
S D position circuit fluid leakage
S Forward clutch defective
(d) If pressure is low in the R position only:
S R position circuit fluid leakage
S Direct clutch defective
S First and reverse brake defective
AT−48
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
ROAD TEST
NOTICE: Perform the test at normal operating fluid tem−
perature 50 − 80_ C (122 −176_ F).
1. D POSITION TEST IN NORM AND PWR PATTERN
POSITIONS
Shift into the D position and hold the accelerator
pedal constant at the full throttle valve opening posi−
tion.
Check the following:
(a) 1 −2, 2−3 and 3−O/D up−shifts should take place,
and shift points should conform to those shown in the
automatic shift schedule.
Conduct a test under both Normal and Power pat−
terns.
HINT: There is no O/D up−shift or lock−up when the
coolant temperature is below 55_ C (131 _ F).
EVALUATION
(1) If there is no 1−2 up−shift:
S No.2 solenoid is stuck.
S 1−2 shift valve is stuck.
(2) !f there is no 2−3 up−shift:
S No.1 solenoid is stuck.
S 2−3 shift valve is stuck.
(3) If there is no 3−0/D up−shift:
S 3−4 shift valve is stuck.
(4) If the shift point is defective:
S Throttle valve, 1 − 2 shift valve, 2−3 shift valve,
S 3−4 shift valve etc., are defective.
(5) If the lock−up is defective:
S Lock−up solenoid is stuck.
S Lock−up control valve is stuck.
S Lock−up signal value is stuck.
(b) In the same manner, check the shock and slip at the −2, 2−
3, and 3−O/D up−shifts.
EVALUATION
If the shock is excessive:
S Line pressure is too high.
S Accumulator is defective.
S Check ball is defective.
AT−49
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
(c) Run at the D position lock −up or O/D gear and check
for abnormal noise and vibration.
HINT: The check for the cause of ahnormal noise and
vibration must be made with extreme care as it could
also be due to loss of balance in the propeller shaft,
differential, torque converter clutch, etc.
2. 2 POSITION TEST
Shift into the 2 position and, while driving with the
accelerator pedal held constantly at the full throttle
valve opening position, push in one of the pattern
selectors and check on the following points.
(a) Check to see that the 1−2 up−shift takes place and
that the shift point conforms to that shown on the
automatic shift schedule.
HINT: There is no 0/D up−shift and lock−up in the 2
position.
(b) While running in the 2 position and 2nd gear, release
the accelerator pedal and check the engine braking
effect.
EVALUATION
If there is no engine braking effect:
S Second coast brake is defective.
AT−50
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
3. L POSITION TEST
(a) While running in the L position, check to see that
there is no up−shift to 2nd gear.
4. R POSITION TEST
Shift into the R position and, while starting at full
throttle, check for slipping.
AT−51
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
5. P POSITION TEST
Stop the vehicle on a gradient (more than 5_) and after
shifting into the P position, release the parking brake.
Then check to see that the parking lock pawl holds the
vehicle in place.
AT−52
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
km/h (mph)
AT−54
See page
B 1 accumulator
C2 accumulator
Bo accumulator
Modulator valve
1 − 2 shift valve
2 − 3 shift valve
Timing solenoid
3 − 4 shift valve
C, accumulator
No. 1 solenoid
No. 2 solenoid
Throttle cable
Manual valve
Check ball
Trouble
TC M
Does
.. . not move in any forward position
Does not move in reverse
Does not move in any position
1rst − 2rd
No up−shift 2nd − 3rd
3rd − O/D
O/D − 3rd
No down−shift 3rd − 2nd
....
2rd − 1rst
Shift point too high or two low
”N” − “R”
”N” − “D”
”N” − “D” , ”N” − “R”
Harsh 1rst − 2rd
engagement 2nd − 3rd
3rd − O/D
1rst − 2nd − 3rd − O/D
O/D − 3rd
3rd − 2nd
Forward & Reverse
“R” position
1rst
Slip
2nd
3rd
O/D
No engine 1st (”L” position)
braking 2nd (”2” position)
.... .
No kick−down
..,Poor
. . acceleration
No lock−up
AT−54
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION − TROUBLESHOOTING
(OFF−VEHICLE)
AT−53
AT−69
See page
Trouble