Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 30 views

    Divyanshu Joshi Dos

    Uploaded by

    Divyanshu joshi
    This document provides summaries of 14 Windows commands: 1. CLS clears the screen. 2. RENAME renames files. 3. FIND searches for text strings in files. It provides 3 sentences or less on the purpose and basic usage of each command.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Divyanshu Joshi Dos

    Uploaded by

    Divyanshu joshi
    30 views22 pages
    This document provides summaries of 14 Windows commands: 1. CLS clears the screen. 2. RENAME renames files. 3. FIND searches for text strings in files. It provides 3 sentences or less on the purpose and basic usage of each command.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides summaries of 14 Windows commands: 1. CLS clears the screen. 2. RENAME renames files. 3. FIND searches for text strings in files. It provides 3 sentences or less on the purpose and basic usage of each command.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    30 views22 pages

    Divyanshu Joshi Dos

    Uploaded by

    Divyanshu joshi
    This document provides summaries of 14 Windows commands: 1. CLS clears the screen. 2. RENAME renames files. 3. FIND searches for text strings in files. It provides 3 sentences or less on the purpose and basic usage of each command.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    1.

    cls Command
    Clears the screen.

    CLS
    2.ren Command
    Renames a file or files.

    RENAME [drive:][path]filename1 filename2.


    REN [drive:][path]filename1 filename2.

    Note that you cannot specify a new drive or path for your
    destination file.

    C:\Users\Lab1\Desktop>

    3.Find Command

    Searches for a text string in a file or files.

    FIND [/V] [/C] [/N] [/I] [/OFF[LINE]] "string" [[drive:]


    [path]filename[ ...]]
    /V Displays all lines NOT containing the specified string.
    /C Displays only the count of lines containing the string.
    /N Displays line numbers with the displayed lines.
    /I Ignores the case of characters when searching for the
    string.
    /OFF[LINE] Do not skip files with offline attribute set.
    "string" Specifies the text string to find.
    [drive:][path]filename
    Specifies a file or files to search.

    If a path is not specified, FIND searches the text typed at the


    prompt
    or piped from another command.

    4.cd Command

    Displays the name of or changes the current directory.


    CHDIR [/D] [drive:][path]
    CHDIR [..]
    CD [/D] [drive:][path]
    CD [..]

    .. Specifies that you want to change to the parent


    directory.

    Type CD drive: to display the current directory in the


    specified drive.
    Type CD without parameters to display the current drive and
    directory.

    Use the /D switch to change current drive in addition to


    changing current
    directory for a drive.

    If Command Extensions are enabled CHDIR changes as


    follows:
    The current directory string is converted to use the same
    case as
    the on disk names. So CD C:\TEMP would actually set the
    current
    directory to C:\Temp if that is the case on disk.

    CHDIR command does not treat spaces as delimiters, so it is


    possible to
    CD into a subdirectory name that contains a space without
    surrounding
    the name with quotes. For example:

    cd \winnt\profiles\username\programs\start menu

    is the same as:

    cd "\winnt\profiles\username\programs\start menu"

    which is what you would have to type if extensions were


    disabled.
    5.copy Command
    Copies one or more files to another location.

    COPY [/D] [/V] [/N] [/Y | /-Y] [/Z] [/L] [/A | /B ] source [/A |
    /B]
    [+ source [/A | /B] [+ ...]] [destination [/A | /B]]

    source Specifies the file or files to be copied.


    /A Indicates an ASCII text file.
    /B Indicates a binary file.
    /D Allow the destination file to be created decrypted
    destination Specifies the directory and/or filename for the
    new file(s).
    /V Verifies that new files are written correctly.
    /N Uses short filename, if available, when copying a
    file with a
    non-8dot3 name.
    /Y Suppresses prompting to confirm you want to
    overwrite an
    existing destination file.
    /-Y Causes prompting to confirm you want to overwrite
    an
    existing destination file.
    /Z Copies networked files in restartable mode.
    /L If the source is a symbolic link, copy the link to the
    target
    instead of the actual file the source link points to.

    The switch /Y may be preset in the COPYCMD environment


    variable.
    This may be overridden with /-Y on the command line.
    Default is
    to prompt on overwrites unless COPY command is being
    executed from
    within a batch script.

    To append files, specify a single file for destination, but


    multiple files
    for source (using wildcards or file1+file2+file3 format).

    6.type command
    Displays the contents of a text file or files.

    TYPE [drive:][path]filename

    7.assoc Command

    Displays or modifies file extension associations

    ASSOC [.ext[=[fileType]]]

    .ext Specifies the file extension to associate the file type


    with
    fileType Specifies the file type to associate with the file
    extension

    Type ASSOC without parameters to display the current file


    associations.
    If ASSOC is invoked with just a file extension, it displays the
    current
    file association for that file extension. Specify nothing for the
    file
    type and the command will delete the association for the file
    extension.

    8.copy con Command


    Provides help information for Windows commands.

    HELP [command]

    command - displays help information on that command.

    9.attrib Command
    Displays or changes file attributes.

    ATTRIB [+R | -R] [+A | -A ] [+S | -S] [+H | -H] [+I | -I]
    [drive:][path][filename] [/S [/D] [/L]]

    + Sets an attribute.
    - Clears an attribute.
    R Read-only file attribute.
    A Archive file attribute.
    S System file attribute.
    H Hidden file attribute.
    I Not content indexed file attribute.
    X No scrub file attribute.
    V Integrity attribute.
    [drive:][path][filename]
    Specifies a file or files for attrib to process.
    /S Processes matching files in the current folder
    and all subfolders.
    /D Processes folders as well.
    /L Work on the attributes of the Symbolic Link versus
    the target of the Symbolic Link

    10.systeminfo Command
    SYSTEMINFO [/S system [/U username [/P [password]]]] [/FO
    format] [/NH]

    Description:
    This tool displays operating system configuration
    information for
    a local or remote machine, including service pack levels.

    Parameter List:
    /S system Specifies the remote system to connect
    to.

    /U [domain\]user Specifies the user context under


    which
    the command should execute.

    /P [password] Specifies the password for the given


    user context. Prompts for input if omitted.

    /FO format Specifies the format in which the


    output
    is to be displayed.
    Valid values: "TABLE", "LIST", "CSV".

    /NH Specifies that the "Column Header" should


    not be displayed in the output.
    Valid only for "TABLE" and "CSV" formats.

    /? Displays this help message.

    Examples:
    SYSTEMINFO
    SYSTEMINFO /?
    SYSTEMINFO /S system
    SYSTEMINFO /S system /U user
    SYSTEMINFO /S system /U domain\user /P password /FO
    TABLE
    SYSTEMINFO /S system /FO LIST
    SYSTEMINFO /S system /FO CSV /NH
    11.format Command
    Formats a disk for use with Windows.

    FORMAT volume [/FS:file-system] [/V:label] [/Q] [/L] [/A:size]


    [/C] [/I:state] [
    /X] [/P:passes] [/S:state]
    FORMAT volume [/V:label] [/Q] [/F:size] [/P:passes]
    FORMAT volume [/V:label] [/Q] [/T:tracks /N:sectors]
    [/P:passes]
    FORMAT volume [/V:label] [/Q] [/P:passes]
    FORMAT volume [/Q]

    volume Specifies the drive letter (followed by a colon),


    mount point, or volume name.
    /FS:filesystem Specifies the type of the file system (FAT,
    FAT32, exFAT,
    NTFS, UDF, ReFS).
    /V:label Specifies the volume label.
    /Q Performs a quick format. Note that this switch
    overrides /P.
    /C NTFS only: Files created on the new volume will
    be compressed
    by default.
    /X Forces the volume to dismount first if necessary.
    All opened
    handles to the volume would no longer be valid.
    /R:revision UDF only: Forces the format to a specific UDF
    version
    (1.02, 1.50, 2.00, 2.01, 2.50). The default
    revision is 2.01.
    /D UDF 2.50 only: Metadata will be duplicated.
    /L NTFS Only: Use large size file records.
    By default, the volume will be formatted with small
    size file
    records.
    /A:size Overrides the default allocation unit size.
    Default settings
    are strongly recommended for general use.
    ReFS supports 64K.
    NTFS supports 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16K,
    32K, 64K.
    FAT supports 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16K,
    32K, 64K,
    (128K, 256K for sector size > 512 bytes).
    FAT32 supports 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16K,
    32K, 64K,
    (128K, 256K for sector size > 512 bytes).
    exFAT supports 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, 8192, 16K,
    32K, 64K,
    128K, 256K, 512K, 1M, 2M, 4M, 8M, 16M, 32M.

    Note that the FAT and FAT32 files systems impose


    the
    following restrictions on the number of clusters on
    a volume:

    FAT: Number of clusters <= 65526


    FAT32: 65526 < Number of clusters < 4177918

    Format will immediately stop processing if it


    decides that
    the above requirements cannot be met using the
    specified
    cluster size.

    NTFS compression is not supported for allocation


    unit sizes
    above 4096.
    /F:size Specifies the size of the floppy disk to format
    (1.44)
    /T:tracks Specifies the number of tracks per disk side.
    /N:sectors Specifies the number of sectors per track.
    /P:count Zero every sector on the volume. After that,
    the volume
    will be overwritten "count" times using a different
    random number each time. If "count" is zero, no
    additional
    overwrites are made after zeroing every sector.
    This switch
    is ignored when /Q is specified.
    /S:state Specifies support for short filenames (enable,
    disable)
    Short names are disabled by default
    /I:state ReFS only: Specifies whether integrity should be
    enabled on
    the new volume. "state" is either "enable" or
    "disable"
    Integrity is enabled on storage that supports data
    redundancy
    by default.

    12.ver Command
    Displays the Windows version.

    VER

    13.time Command
    Displays or sets the system time.

    TIME [/T | time]

    Type TIME with no parameters to display the current time


    setting and a prompt
    for a new one. Press ENTER to keep the same time.

    If Command Extensions are enabled the TIME command


    supports
    the /T switch which tells the command to just output the
    current time, without prompting for a new time.

    14.vol Command
    Displays the disk volume label and serial number, if they
    exist.

    VOL [drive:]

    15.Dir Command

    Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.

    DIR [drive:][path][filename] [/A[[:]attributes]] [/B] [/C] [/D]


    [/L] [/N]
    [/O[[:]sortorder]] [/P] [/Q] [/R] [/S] [/T[[:]timefield]] [/W]
    [/X] [/4]

    [drive:][path][filename]
    Specifies drive, directory, and/or files to list.
    /A Displays files with specified attributes.
    attributes D Directories R Read-only files
    H Hidden files A Files ready for archiving
    S System files I Not content indexed files
    L Reparse Points - Prefix meaning not
    /B Uses bare format (no heading information or
    summary).
    /C Display the thousand separator in file sizes. This is
    the
    default. Use /-C to disable display of separator.
    /D Same as wide but files are list sorted by column.
    /L Uses lowercase.
    /N New long list format where filenames are on the far
    right.
    /O List by files in sorted order.
    sortorder N By name (alphabetic) S By size (smallest
    first)
    E By extension (alphabetic) D By date/time (oldest
    first)
    G Group directories first - Prefix to reverse order
    /P Pauses after each screenful of information.
    /Q Display the owner of the file.
    /R Display alternate data streams of the file.
    /S Displays files in specified directory and all
    subdirectories.
    /T Controls which time field displayed or used for
    sorting
    timefield C Creation
    A Last Access
    W Last Written
    /W Uses wide list format.
    /X This displays the short names generated for non-
    8dot3 file
    names. The format is that of /N with the short name
    inserted
    before the long name. If no short name is present,
    blanks are
    displayed in its place.
    /4 Displays four-digit years
    Switches may be preset in the DIRCMD environment variable.
    Override
    preset switches by prefixing any switch with - (hyphen)--for
    example, /-W.

    You might also like