Extension Program For Sports and Physical Developmentin Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Zambales, Philippines:Appraised Participation and Benefits

American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2023
American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR)

e-ISSN : 2378-703X
Volume-07, Issue-07, pp-253-263
www.ajhssr.com
Research Paper Open Access
Extension Program for Sports and Physical Developmentin

Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)In Zambales,
Philippines:Appraised Participation and Benefits
Donabel A. Dizon
President Ramon Magsaysay State University, Iba Zambales Philippines
ABSTRACT:This quantitative research investigated the status of Sports and Physical Development extension
programs of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Zambales, Philippines as to extent of participation in and
perceived benefits of the extension program. There were eight participating HEIs in Zambales with a total of 30
Sport and Physical Education Instructor/Professors during the school year of 2021. The Sports and Physical
Development Extension Projects/Program of HEIs in Zambales are categorized into areas such as Sports
Tournament Training, Physical Activities, Athletics Training, Coaching and Referee Training, Wellness and
Health Activities/Program, Team Building, Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement and SPED/PWD/Senior
sports and physical activities. Higher Education Institutions in Zambales perceived that their participation was
High in Sports and Physical Development Extension Program specifically on Physical Activities. Findings
revealed further that the benefits of Sports and Physical Development Extension activity specifically on
Coaching Training was Moderately High. The researcher presented and established empirical results that meet
the objectives of the research undertaking.
I. INTRODUCTION
Sport and physical development touch many aspects of peoples’ lives, yet many people are unaware of
how powerfully sport affects them. Bloom, et al. (2005) stressed that sports changes individuals with regard to
their health and well-being, social networks, sense of social connection and skills. Metzler, et al. (2013) argued
that a more active and healthier lifestyle contributes directly to the improved quality of life in many ways that
cannot be measured and reported by research.
The right of access to, and participation in, sport and play has long been recognized in a number of
international conventions. In 1978, UNESCO described sport and physical education as a "fundamental right for
all." But until today, the right to play and sport has too often been ignored or disrespected (United Nations,
2018). Sport has a unique power to attract, mobilize and inspire. Sport plays a significant role as a promoter of
social integration and economic development in different geographical, cultural and political contexts. Sport is a
powerful tool to strengthen social ties and networks, and to promote ideals of peace, fraternity, solidarity, non-
violence, tolerance and justice. Wamaitha (2007) stressed that the popularity of sport stems from its benefits, not
only at an individual’s level but also at societal level. On the other picture, according to Trautner (2016), the
Better Health Channel listed benefits of sports and physical activity for children and adults which includes
improved cardiovascular fitness (heart and lungs), maintaining a healthy weight, increased self-esteem and
confidence, improved concentration, improved balance, skills development and enhance social skills.
Sports can be used by government and non-government organizations, businesses, educational

institutions, sports clubs and other institutions as a means systematically reduce poverty, build peace, reduce
conflict and create wealth within communities. Khan, Khan & Nasrullah (2014) argues that sport is essential for
the development of our young people. Sport brings young persons in contact with each other and serves as a
release from tension and stress. It is also an important avenue for academic advancement and an opportunity for
social mobility.
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Schools and communities have the potential to improve the health of young people by providing
instruction, programs, and services that promote enjoyable, lifelong physical activity. Schools are an efficient
vehicle for providing sports and physical activity instruction and programs because they reach most children and
adolescents. Schools and communities should coordinate their efforts to make the best use of their resources in
promoting the abovementioned extension plans and activities. For instance, the mission of higher education has
traditionally been focused on three core areas: teaching, research, and service. The service component has taken
many forms over time. At Iowa State University, the first Extension Service was formed in 1903, some eleven
years before the Smith-Lever Act formed the national Extension Service. The mission of this organization since
its inception, and continuing today, is to extend the university’s knowledge to people throughout the state. In its
beginnings the Extension Service focused on promoting best techniques for farming practices, helping to ensure
good crops and promoting healthy economies and communities through the state. Community-university
partnerships and service-learning activities are generally understood to involve and benefit four audiences such
as the educational institutions, faculty, students and communities.
In order to serve and improve community life, colleges and universities (public and private) offer a
wide variety of extension programs and services. These are designed primarily to increase the security of
livelihood, alleviate poverty, reduce illiteracy, improve health and nutrition, creates a system of governance that
promotes supports and sustains human development and protecting and preserving the environment. For the
poor to benefit, they must be empowered in mind, body and resources.
School-community partnerships have shown their potential as incubators for innovations and for
contributing to comprehensive sports and physical activity programs. However, according to Van Acker, et al.
(2011), implementation extension activity frameworks for school-community partnerships that allow local
tailoring of sports and physical activity programs remain scarce. The framework addresses socioecological
strategies to promote sports and physical activity opportunities for the community, which are integrated into
three complementary components; the school, the students and the community.
Republic Act 7722, otherwise known as The Commission on Higher Education mandates institutions of
higher learning like State Universities and Colleges (SUCs) to respond to the call for societal transformation.
Elman (2008) claimed that the aim is to serve the poorest of the poor, the less privileged, the deprived and the
oppressed. The higher education institutions in the country are mandated to render extension service hand in
hand with instruction, research and production. This is in recognition of the vital role colleges and universities
play in the development of communities, especially the underserved and the depressed.
Our root assumption about communities is that they are open-ended, indeterminate systems capable of
becoming more than they are at any given moment and of learning how to actively take part in guiding their
own evolution. In extension programs for communities, a key component should be providing opportunities for
local facilitators (including youth and women) to develop new skills by accessing recognized training
opportunities. The extension program should aims to engage to enhance the youth, women and adults and ensure
the implementation of quality sport and physical activities that reflect community priorities through training and
ongoing consultation. According to Laguador, Mandigma& Agena (2013)extension services are focused on
capability building through education. According to Gondo (2015), serving the school and community in
pursuing the benefits and values of sport and physical education and physical development will strengthening
the place of physical education and sport through integrating theory and practice; will build a co-operative and
collaborative partnership with key stakeholders for the purpose of professional growth and physical
development and sport; will create unlimited opportunities in physical development and sport to individuals
from all walks of life; will produce highly qualified personnel to enhance various community and school
based physical education and sport programmes; and will develop professional skills as they experience work
setting that may create career opportunities.
This research study was undertaken to provide empirical analysis on the Sports and Physical;
Development extension programs of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the province of Zambales covering
formidable tasks to increase the capacity of the community, marginalized people as well as special education
learners and persons with disabilities to engage in sports, physical activities, wellness, health and nutrition, and
achieve community and sustainable development.

It is but appropriate to think and to act for administrators of Higher Education Institutions in Zambales
that service is a way to improve relationships between campus and community. According to Service to Ward &
Wolf-Wendel (2000), the community is a way for campuses to address public perception that higher education
exists for its own good. Chua, et al. (2014) argued that the development of community is a dynamic process
involving all segments of the locality. The community extension service for sports and physical development is
key component to this process is found in the creation and maintenance of channels of interaction and
communication among diverse clients.
United Nations (2018) stated further that "Sport is also an important enabler of sustainable
development. We recognize the growing contribution of sport to the realization of development and peace in its
promotion of tolerance and respect and the contributions it makes to the empowerment of women and of young
people, individuals and communities as well as to health, education and social inclusion objectives."
II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The study analyzed the Sports and Physical Development extension programs of Higher Education
Institutions (HEIs) in Zambales, Philippines in terms of level of participation and perceived benefits by the
program implementers in order to provide an empirical basis in the promotion of health and wellness towards
community development.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following specific questions.
1. What is the extent of participation in Sports and Physical Development extension program in
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Zambales?
2. How do the Higher Education perceived the benefits of Sports and Physical Development
extension program in terms of: Sports Tournament Training, Physical Activities, Athletics
Training, Coaching Training, Referee Training, Wellness Activities/Program, Health
Activities/Program, Team Building. Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement and
SPED/PWD/Senior
III. MATERIAL AND METHODS

The methodology of this research study is quantitative and qualitative research designs or mixed
method. Quantitative analysis and formulation of generalization is generally concerned with measurable
quantities (Gall & Borg, 2007). Quantitative data can be classified as continuous or discrete, and it is often
obtained using surveys, observations, experiments or interviews (Driscoll, 2011). The researcher presented and
established empirical results that meet the objectives of the research undertaking such as the extent of
participation in and perceived benefits and the implementation related concerns encountered in the extension
activities and programs.
This study was conducted at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Zambales. President Ramon
Magsaysay State University (PRMSU) and Micro Asia College of Science and Technology (MACSAT), Iba;
Magsaysay Memorial College (MMC), San Narciso; Botolan Polytechnic College (BPC) and Welesyan
Academy of Botolan; Columban College and Gordon Colleges, Olongapo; and Norther Zambales Academy,
Masinloc. All members or available PE faculty members of the identified HEIs in Zambales was selected as
respondents. The population of the respondents are actually graduate of sports and physical education
baccalaureate (BS) degree and now currently employed in those identified HEIs in Zambales.
This research study used survey questionnaire the implementation related concerns encountered in the
sports and physical development extension programs. The researcher conducted extensive review of the work
Rubio, et al., (2016) titled “Involvement in Community Extension Program of Business Administration Students
in one Higher Education Institution in the Philippines” as patter and/or basis for the indicators and questions of
the research instrumentsFirst part of the survey questionnaire includes 10 items of extent of participation of
faculty-participants to the 10 areas of Sports and Physical Development extension program. Second part was 20
items on benefits in participating community extension activities. The participants were asked to answer on a 5
point-scale of 5 (Very High) to 1 (Very Low).
In an effort to improve the content of the survey checklist and the interview guide, in relation to its
ability to achieve stated objectives, level of coverage and comprehensibility, the instrument was designed,
formulated and implemented in a manner which closely follows the suggestions and recommendations of the
panel of experts in research and oral defense of Graduate School of University of Luzon. To ensure that there
are no technical difficulties with the instrument, a pilot project was conducted with 20 Physical Education

teachers of Zambales National High School (ZNHS) of RMTU, Iba. After which the final draft of the
instruments (survey questionnaire and interview guide) was made. The pilot test examined whether all
instructions in the survey checklist and interview guide given can be understood and to make sure all
respondents comprehend the purpose of the research.
The developed survey questionnaire and interview guide were subjected to validation by the panel oral
examiners and pool of experts in the field of sports and physical development, education and community
extension services. The approval of the distribution of the survey questionnaire to the participants were secured
from the University or College President of the HEI participants. The administration of the survey questionnaire
to the participants from the Higher Education Institutions in Zambales. Indicators for the survey checklist were
clarified. The researcher ensured that the confidentiality and anonymity was rigorously respected.The statistical
treatment of the quantitative part of the study utilized descriptive tools. All data which were obtained in the
instrument were coded, encoded, tallied, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted accordingly.The collected data
were processed using the SPSS version 20.0 software program.
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Extent of Participation in Sports and Physical Development Extension Program
Table 1. Extent of Participation in Sports and Physical Development Extension Program
A. Sports And Physical Development Extension Mean Verbal Interpretation Rank
Program
1. Sports Tournament Training 1.53 Very Low 10
2. Physical Activities 3.43 High 1
3. Athletics Training 1.70 Very Low 9
4. Coaching Training 2.03 Low 6
5. Referee Training 2.23 Low 5
6. Wellness Activities/Program 3.11 Moderately High 2
7. Health Activities/Program 3.10 Moderately High 3
8. Team Building 1.80 Low 7
9. Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement 1.77 Low 8
10. SPED/PWD/Senior 2.53 Low 4
Pooled Mean 2.32 Moderately High
The extent of participation in sports and physical development extension activities was High on
Physical Activities (M=3.43, rank 1); moderately high on Wellness Activities/Program (3.11, rank 2) an on
Health Activities/Program (3.10, rank 3); Low on Coaching Training, Referee Training, Team Building, Sports
Leadership Capability Enhancement and SPED/PWD/Senior activities. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of
Sports and Physical Development - sports and physical activity extension program was perceived as Moderately
High (Mean=2.32). It was revealed that extension activity/project on Physical Activities was highly
implemented and conducted in all the HEIs participants in the present study. The HEIs probably have regular
conduct of extension activities and services in Physical Activities to their respective clients. Khan, Khan &
Nasrullah (2014) agreed that the physical activity programs give people a sense of belonging and of being
valued aside from the gaining the benefit from regular performance of different extension activities.
Kouvelas&Dantsi (2014) stressed that the promotion of active and healthy lifestyle and lifelong activity in the
community and equal access to physical activities sports and recreation facilities. Mirsafian (2014) argued that
physical educators and communities can possibly improve the health of young and adult people by providing
programs and services that promote enjoyable, lifelong physical activities.
According to Batangas State University (2016), higher education institutions are mandated to render
extension service hand in hand with instruction, research and production. This is in recognition of the vital role
colleges and universities play in the development of communities, especially the underserved and the depressed.
It is envisioned that the people will increase awareness, from indifference to positive involvement, and from
aimlessness to commitment. For Rubio, et al. (2016) the Community Extension Program works through self-
support, self-reliance and self-sustaining principles.

Benefits of Sports and Physical Development Extension Program

The succeeding table presents the perception of the respondents on benefits of sports and physical
development extension program with ten (10) dimensions such as sports tournament training, physical activities,
athletics training, coaching training, referee training, wellness activities/ program, health activities program,
team building, sports leadership capability enhancement and SPED/PWS/Senior sports and physical activity
program.
Along with the item indicators, ranked accordingly based on the mean is the item on increased capacity
of people to manage sport and physical development program including sport planning and event/competition
management was assessed as low (Mean=2.44, rank 1). The item on increased capacity of people to monitor and
evaluate the output/outcome of sport event/competition was also assessed as low (Mean=2.43, rank 2). The
Pooled Mean of the benefits of Sports Tournament Training - sports and physical activity extension program
was perceived as Low (Mean=2.44). This result conveys that the extension program on Sports Tournament
Training was not fully established in HEIs in Zambales and the prospective clients might not fully understood
yet the relevance and the gains that they can get from this particular extension service.
Table 2. Perception of the Respondents on the Benefits of Sports and Physical Development Extension
Program in terms of Sports Tournament
BENEFITS OF SPORTS AND PHYSICAL Mean Verbal Rank
DEVELOPMENT EXTENSION PROGRAM Interpretation
Sports Tournament Training
Increased capacity of people to manage sport and 2.44 Low 1
physical development program including sport
planning and event/competition management.
Increased capacity of people to monitor and evaluate 2.43 Low 2
the output/outcome of sport event/competition.
Pooled Mean 2.44 Low
Cruz & Giles (2014) argued that Sports Tournament Training has a great capacity to enhance to manage sport,
prepare and physical development program. Lyras& Welty’s (2011) stated the contribution sports tournament
expert of increased capacity to monitor and evaluate the outcome of sport event/competition.
Program in terms of Physical Activities
Physical Activities
Perform regular physical activities and get people 2.20 Low 2
active.
Increased capacity of local facilitators to deliver 2.23 Low 1
quality and inclusive sport and physical activity
sessions.
The particular benefit on increased capacity of local facilitators to deliver quality and inclusive sport
and physical activity sessions obtained the highest mean of 2.23 with a verbal interpretation of low. Moreover,
to perform regular physical activities and get people active (Mean 2.20, rank 2) also assessed as low. The Pooled
Mean of the benefits of Physical Activities - sports and physical activity extension program was perceived as
Low (Mean=2.22). The benefits of this particular extension program was perceived as low by the respondents
from the Sports and Physical Development Department of HEIs in Zambales. This implies that the benefit of
this particular extension service is not fully or completely disseminated to target clients. Moreover, the result
could be attributed on the extension service implementations but not fully sustained and strengthened. However,
Lyras& Welty’s (2011) sport for development program is designed to increase the participation of children,
youth, adults and elderly people in regular, quality sport and physical activities. Lyras& Welty’s emphasized the
importance of a village based sport and physical activity program designed to encourage the whole community
(children, youth, adults, elderly and people with a disability) to get active. Bailey (2006) argued the necessity of

a regular sport and physical activities to be conducted by local facilitators for all groups in participating clients
and village communities.
The benefit of a regular, established and sustained athletics training in the community (Mean=2.43,
rank 1) and to increase the number of potential athletes in the community (Mean=2.40, rank 2) were assessed as
low respectively. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of Athletics Training - sports and physical activity extension
program was perceived as Low (Mean=2.42). The benefits of this particular extension program was perceived as
low. This result was consistent with the finding on the different sport and physical development extension
activities/program of HEIs in Zambales.
Program in terms of Athletics Training
Athletics Training
Regular, established and sustained athletics training 2.43 Low 1
in the community
Increased number of potential athletes in the 2.40 Low 2
community.
The Athletics Training as extension activity was evaluated very low in participation. Moreover, this
finding supports the result of the interview conducted by the researcher that Athletics Training is not their
extension priority as of this moment. However, the result of the study of Edwards (2014) found that extension
program aimed to develop athletes, to engage the youth on quality sport and physical activities through training
and on-going consultationis noteworthy activity. Chiu & Huang (2011) argued that a key component of the
athletics program is providing opportunities for local facilitators (including youth and women) to develop new
sports skills by accessing recognized training opportunities. Shohani, et al (2014) concluded that the Athletics
Training play an important role in producing and increasing the player’s sport motivation, satisfaction and
commitment. Guardion (2002) acknowledged that a good athletics training activities are those which are
regularly conducted towards improvement and activities which are sustained.
Table 5, Perception of the Respondents on the Benefits of Sports and Physical Development Extension
Program in terms of Coaching Training
Coaching Training
Increased number of potential coaches in the 2.83 Moderately High 1
community in different sports and athletics events.
Improved capacity and expertise to mentor the youth 2.80 Moderately High 2
and adults in different sports and athletics events in
the community.
Pooled Mean 2.82 Moderately High
The benefit of Coaching Training of increased number of potential coaches in the community in
different sports and athletics events (Mean=2.83, rank 1) and to improve capacity and expertise to mentor the
youth and adults in different sports and athletics events in the community. (Mean=2.80, rank 2) were evaluated
by the respondents as moderately high respectively. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of Coaching Training -
sports and physical activity extension program was perceived as Moderately High (Mean=2.82). The benefits of
coaching training was considered to be moderately high by the respondents of the Sports and Physical
Department of HEIs in Zambales. It indicates that extension for coaching training must be given more attention
and must be sustained to improve the service and progressive impact of the extension program.
This result was consistent with the finding on the interview conducted by the researcher on the
participants with regards to the sport and physical development extension activities/program they have
established and initiated in their respective Institution. Coaching Training is one of the extension program of the
HEIs participants. Bidad&Camoiseco (2010) stressed that in coaching training extension activities,
implementers and the clients may act and be more competent on the roles such as decision makers, researchers,
designer/planner, resource source, critic and provide process of consultation to produce best coaches. Lorimer &
Jowett (2010) concluded that coach is one of the fundamental pillars of the formation and development of sports
teams and their important role in the performance of the players cannot be ignored. Chiu & Huang (2011)
argued that coach can create and cultivate an environment around the team that affects athlete development and
team performance.Bidad&Camoiseco (2010) have also found that effective coaching behavior has been shown
to be an important determinant of team success.
Program in terms of Referee Training
Referee Training
Affords an individual the opportunity to develop 2.33 Low 1
interpersonal skills, own skill in sports and hone one's
judgment skills.
Increased opportunity to provide a unique way to build 1.97 Low 2
confidence, relationship leadership and responsibility
The benefit of Referee Training of affording an individual the opportunity to develop interpersonal
skills, own skill in sports and hone one's judgment skills (Mean=2.33, rank 1) and to increase the opportunity to
provide a unique way to build confidence, relationship leadership and responsibility (Mean=1.97, rank 2) were
evaluated by the respondents as low respectively. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of Referee Training - sports
and physical activity extension program was perceived as Low (Mean=2.15). The respondents perceived low on
the benefits of this particular extension program of the Sports and Physical Department of HEIs in Zambales. It
indicates that extension for referee training must be given attention.
This result was consistent with the finding on the different sport and physical development extension
activities/program of HEIs in Zambales. Team Building as extension activity was evaluated low in participation.
Khan, Khan & Nasrullah (2014) argues that referee training is beneficial for it will allow trainees to improve
judging performances in sporting competitions to determine a winner and for Edwards (2014), be competent in
enforcing the rules of the game and assess penalties when necessary. According to Gondo (2015), serving the
school and community in pursuing the benefits and values of sport and physical education and physical
development will produce highly qualified personnel to enhance various community and school based
physical education and sport programmes.
The benefit ofWellness Activities/Program to get connected with other people, share experiences and
increased productivity and performance (Mean=2.20, rank 1) and to challenge the target clients to form own
wellness program to address physical health issue, fitness and nutrition (Mean=2.17, rank 2) were evaluated by
the respondents as low respectively. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of Wellness Activities/Program - sports
and physical activity extension program was perceived as Low (Mean=2.18).
Program in terms of Wellness Activities/Program
Wellness Activities/Program
Challenge communities to conceptualize own wellness 2.17 Low 2
program to address physical health issue, fitness and
nutrition.
Get connected with other people, share experiences and 2.20 Low 1
increased productivity and performance

The respondents perceived low on the benefits of this particular extension program of the Sports and
Physical Department of HEIs in Zambales. This signifies that the extension activities for Wellness Program was
not yet strong and well established. Hence, making the benefits of this program for the clients low. According to
Dale (2010), the common problems that workers and implementers in extension activities were lack of
recruitment of service professionals; and limited skill base of service accountability and outcomes.
Program in terms of Health Activities / Program
Health Activities/Program
Increased capacity to advance health and community 2.00 Low 2
development
Improved capacity to create doable/achievable 2.13 Low 1
activities to improve health of the participants
The benefit of an improved capacity to create doable/achievable activities to improve health of the
participants (Mean=2.13, rank 1) and to increase the capacity to advance health and community development
(Mean=2.00, rank 2) were assessed by the respondents as low respectively. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of
Health Activities/Program - sports and physical activity extension program was perceived as Low (Mean=2.07).
The benefits of this particular extension program was perceived as low by the respondents from the Sports and
Physical Department of HEIs in Zambales. With the critical and vital issues on health, wellness, proper diet and
nutrition that affects a persons’ well-being, Van Acker, et al. (2011) argued that school and community
partnerships should be formed by physical educators, physical activity professionals, and organizations with
common goals in which expertise can be shared. According to Geronimo (2006), the improved health and
nutrition creates a system of governance that promotes supports and sustains human development and protecting
and preserving the environment.
Program in terms of Team Building
Team Building
Foster character development and increased social 1.93 Low 2
skills among clients
improved cohesion in the community and reduced 2.00 Low 1
social problems
The benefit of an improved cohesion in the community and reduced social problems (Mean=2.00, rank
1) and to foster character development and increased social skills among clients (Mean=1.93, rank 2) were
assessed as low respectively. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of Team Building sports and physical activity
extension program was perceived as Low (Mean=1.97). The benefits of this particular extension program was
perceived as low. This result was consistent with the finding on the different sport and physical development
extension activities/program of HEIs in Zambales. Team Building as extension activity was evaluated low in
participation.
This could mean that professional skills needed to implement this extension activity is not yet strong. Gondo
(2015) conclude that serving the school and community in pursuing the benefits and values of team building
activities and exercises will build a cooperative and collaborative partnership with key stakeholders for the
purpose of professional growth and physical development and sport.

Table 10. Perception of on the Benefits of Sports and Physical Development Extension Program in terms
of Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement
Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement
Increased capacity to develop new strategies to promote 2.33 Low 1
sport and physical development
Increased capacity of people to manage sport and 2.23 Low 2
physical development programs including sport
administration monitoring and evaluation)
The benefit of an increased capacity to develop new strategies to promote sport and physical development
(Mean=2.33, rank 1) and to increase the capacity of people to manage sport and physical development
(Mean=2.23, rank 2) were assessed as low respectively. The Pooled Mean of benefits of sports and physical
development extension activity in terms of sports leadership capability enhancement was 2.28 and was
interpreted as Low. The benefits of Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement extension program was
perceived as low. This result was consistent with the finding on the different sport and physical development
extension activities/program of HEIs in Zambales, stating that their participation in this king of extension
activity was low. However, Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement activities according to George & Surya
Moorthy (2010) extension objective is: a) to assist people to discover and analyze their problems and identify
their felt needs; b) develop leadership among people and help them in organizing groups to solve their problems;
c) disseminate research information of economic and practical importance, useful for the people; d) assist people
in mobilizing available resources; and e) to collect and transmit feedback information for solving management
problems.
The benefit of doing more daily tasks with more independence and freedom (Mean=2.23, rank 1) and to
decrease risk of health problems and increase physical strength and energy (Mean=2.07, rank 2) were assessed
as low respectively. The Pooled Mean of the benefits of SPED/PWD/Senior sports and physical activity
extension program was perceived as Low (Mean=2.15.).
Program in terms of SPED/PWD/Senior Sports and Physical Activity Program
SPED/PWD/Senior Sports and Physical Activity
Program
Decreased risk of health problems and increased 2.07 Low 2
physical strength and energy
Do more daily tasks with more independence and 2.23 Low 1
freedom.
This result was consistent with the finding on the different sport and physical development extension
activities/program of HEIs in Zambales, stating that their participation in this king of extension activity was low.
This could also mean that SPED/PWD and senior citizens’ physical activities are rarely encouraged and
conducted in the community. According to University of Rochester (2016), this is a common problem today.
But physical activity as important for special needs children as it is for any child. Participating in sports can help
instil a sense of self – confidence and improve skills in relationship building and working as part of a team and it
can help in weight management.
V. CONCLUSION
1. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Zambales perceived that their participation was High in Sports
and Physical Development Extension Program specifically on Physical Activities. However their
participation on Wellness Activities/Program and Health Activities/Program was Moderately High;
Low on SPED/PWD/Senior, Referee Training, Coaching Training, Team Building and Sports

Leadership Capability Enhancement; and participated and conducted Very Low on Athletics Training
and Sports Tournament Training.
2. Findings revealed further that the benefits of Sports and Physical Development Extension activity
specifically on Coaching Training was Moderately High and Low on Sports Tournament Training,
Athletics Training, Physical Activities, Sports Leadership Capability Enhancement, Referee Training,
Wellness Activities/Program, SPED/PWD/Senior, Health Activities/Program, Team Building and
Sports and Physical Development Extension activities.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the findings and conclusion of the study, the following recommendations are as follows.
1. Extension project/programs must be realized through the effective implementation of the
University’s Extension Service Program.
2. There should be intended efforts to plan programs and services that are community based through
people’s participation, taking into consideration the changing needs of the society and the
individual.
3. HEIs should exert more effort to get the people involved in the extension program.
4. The Sports and Physical Development extension educators can extend and accelerate the
community-shaping process create reinforcing learning communities and community the advocate
health and wellness in life.
5. Maintain harmonious relations with the community and establish cooperative endeavors with the
government and non-government groups and individuals, helps harness community resource and
share school resources to identify the needs and engage the community towards self-reliance.
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American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2023

American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR)

Extension Program for Sports and Physical Developmentin

Sports can be used by government and non-government organizations, businesses, educational

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II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

III. MATERIAL AND METHODS

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IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

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Benefits of Sports and Physical Development Extension Program

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