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2
2 Which statement explains why calcium has a higher melting point than barium?
A Calcium cations are smaller than barium cations and have a stronger attraction to the
delocalisedelectrons.
B The structure of calcium is partly giant molecular.
C Therearemoredelocalisedelectronsincalciumthaninbariumasithasalowerionisation
energy.
D There is greater repulsion between barium atoms as they have more complete electron
shellsthancalciumatoms.
3 Three statements about potassium and chlorine and their ions are listed.
1 The atomic radius of a potassium atom is greater than the atomic radius of a chlorine
atom.
2 The first ionisation energy of potassium is greater than the first ionisation energy of
chlorine.
3 The ionic radius of a potassium ion is greater than the ionic radius of a chloride ion.
4 For which equilibrium do both of the equilibrium constants Kc and Kp have no units?
C N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
8&/(6 0-
3
–1
5 Calciumcarbide,CaC2,reactswithwater,asshown.Thedatabelowtheequationshow,inkJmol ,
thestandardenthalpiesofformationofthecompoundsinvolved.
6 Inthesodiumchloridelatticethenumberofchlorideionsthatsurroundeachsodiumioniscalled
thecoordinationnumberofthesodiumions.
Whatarethecoordinationnumbersofthesodiumionsandthechlorideionsinthesodiumchloride
lattice?
A 4 6
B 6 4
C 6 6
D 8 6
histidine
H H 2 H
1 H N O
C
H
N C C C C
3
C N H H O H
1 2 3
8 The Contact process takes place at a pressure between 100 000 Pa and 200 000 Pa. A catalyst is
used.
8&/(6 0-
5
If the concentration of propanone is increased, keeping the total reaction volume constant, the
initial rate of the reaction also increases.
A 14 B 15 C 16 D 17
13 In this question you should assume that the gas formed behaves as an ideal gas.
3 –3
A 1.7 g sample of Mg reacts with 50.0 cm of 2.2 mol dm HCl at 303 K and 110 400 Pa.
14 Chlorine dioxide, Cl O2, reacts with aqueous sodium hydroxide to produce water and a mixture of
two sodium salts, NaCl O2 and NaCl O3.
What effect does this have on the number of molecules with the most probable energy and on the
number of molecules with higher energy?
A decreases decreases
B decreases increases
C increases decreases
D increases increases
8&/(6 0-
7
16 For which compound is there the greatest percentage loss of mass on strong heating?
17 The solids sodium chloride and sodium iodide both react with concentrated sulfuric acid at room
temperature.
With NaI, the products are NaHSO4, HI, I2, SO2, H2O, S and H2S.
18 SiO2 has a melting point of 1713 °C. It reacts with hot NaOH(aq) to form sodium silicate, Na2SiO3,
and water.
chemical structure
behaviour of SiO2 of SiO2
A amphoteric giant
B amphoteric simple
C acidic giant
D acidic simple
19 Element X has the second largest atomic radius in its period. An atom of X has three occupied
electron shells only.
A 5 B 7 C 9 D 14
20 Which emission from an internal combustion engine contributes to the erosion of marble statues?
A carbon monoxide
B nitrogen
C nitrogen dioxide
D unburnt hydrocarbons
21 The diagram shows the melting points of eight elements with consecutive atomic numbers.
D
melting
point / K
C
A
B
atomic number
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9
22 The boiling points of Br2, ICl and IBr are given in the table.
• whytheboilingpointofIClisgreaterthanBr2
• whytheboilingpointofIBrisgreaterthanICl ?
2+ 2+
23 A solution contains both Mg (aq) and Sr (aq) at the same concentration.
The solution is divided into two equal portions. Aqueous sodium hydroxide is added dropwise to
one portion. Dilute sulfuric acid is added dropwise to the other portion.
24 Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question.
If a molecule contains two non-identical chiral carbon atoms, four optical isomers exist.
A 4 B 5 C 9 D 13
26 An organic molecule W contains 3 carbon atoms. It requires 4.5 molecules of oxygen for complete
combustion.
A propane
B propanoic acid
C propanone
D propan-1-ol
27 Which equation represents a reaction that proceeds through initiation, propagation and termination
steps?
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11
28 Structuralisomerismandstereoisomerismshouldbeconsideredwhenansweringthisquestion.
Asetofisomerichydrocarbons
• allcontain14.3%bymassofhydrogen
• allreactwithbrominebyaddition,0.280gofeachhydrocarbonreactingwith0.799gof
bromine.
A 1 B 3 C 4 D 5
29 Which row describes the solvent used and type of reaction occurring when bromoethane reacts
with NaOH to form ethene?
A ethanol elimination
B ethanol substitution
C water elimination
D water substitution
30 Whichrowdescribesthetypeofreactionthatoccurswhenpropan-1-olreactstoformthenamed
carbon-containingproduct?
32 How many structurally isomeric secondary alcohols are there with the molecular formula C5H12O?
A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
33 Which reagent:
• canconfirmthepresenceofacarbonylgroupinanorganiccompound
• doesnotdistinguishbetweenaldehydesandketones?
A acidified K2Cr2O7
B 2,4-DNPH reagent
C Fehling’s reagent
D LiAl H4
34 Which compound gives a positive test with alkaline aqueous iodine and does not show optical
isomerism?
A CH3COCH2CH2OH
B CH3CH2CH(OH)CHO
C CH3COCH(OH)CH3
D (CH3)2C(OH)CHO
8&/(6 0-
13
35 TwosamplesofcompoundXweretreatedseparatelywithdifferentreagentswhichwereaddedin
excess.
Theproductsofthesetworeactionsareshown.
OH O
OH
reaction 1
OH O O
O
compound X OH OH
reaction 2
OH
reaction 1 reaction 2
A hot acidifiedsodiumdichromateVI Na
B hot acidifiedsodiumdichromateVI NaBH4
C Tollens’reagentfollowedbyHCl (aq) Na
D Tollens’reagentfollowedbyHCl (aq) NaBH4
37 Which ester may be hydrolysed to produce two products, one of which may be reduced to the
other?
A CH3CH2CO2CH3
B CH3CH(CH3)CO2CH2CH(CH3)2
C CH3CH2CO2CH(CH3)2
D (CH3)2CHCO2CH(CH3)2
38 Two compounds, X and Y, are mixed and a little concentrated H2SO4 is added.
ester Z
O
O
O
O O
X Y
A CH3CH2OH CH(CO2H)3
B CH3CH2OH CH3CO2CH2CH(OH)CH2OCOCH2CH3
C CH3CO2H CH3CH2CO2CH2CH(OH)CH2OH
D CH3CO2H CH2(OH)CH(OH)CH2(OH)
–CH2–CH=CH–CH2–CH2–CH=CH–CH2–
A CH2=CH2
B CH3CH=CH2
C CH3CH=CHCH3
D CH2=CH–CH=CH2
8&/(6 0-
15
40 There are two naturally occuring isotopes of bromine. One isotope has 44 neutrons. The other
isotopehas46neutrons.
12 1
Ignoringfragments,howmanypeaksarethereinthemassspectrumoftribromomethane, C HBr3?
A 2 B 3 C 4 D 6
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16
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8&/(6
The Periodic Table of Elements
Group
1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18
1 2
H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1.0 4.0
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
6.9 9.0 relative atomic mass 10.8 12.0 14.0 16.0 19.0 20.2
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
23.0 24.3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 27.0 28.1 31.0 32.1 35.5 39.9
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39.1 40.1 45.0 47.9 50.9 52.0 54.9 55.8 58.9 58.7 63.5 65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 95.9 – 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
0-
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
lanthanoids
Cs Ba Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
132.9 137.3 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
actinoids
Fr Ra Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium nihonium flerovium moscovium livermorium tennessine oganesson
– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
138.9 140.1 140.9 144.4 – 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.1 175.0
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103
actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232.0 231.0 238.0 – – – – – – – – – – –