GEOMETRY, MENSURATION & TRIGONOMETRY

Angles
Triangles
Quadrilaterals, Trapezoids
Parallelogram, Rectangle
Rhombus, Square

Circle
Polygons
Solid Geometry
Rotation of Wheel
Finding Various Measurements

Co-ordinate Geometry
Trigonometry

Review Test

1. A rope is 13 feet long. How many ways can the rope be cut into more than one piece so that the
length of each piece is a prime number?

a. 4 b. 5 c. 6 d. 7 e. 8
2. From 6 boys and 4 girls, 5 are to be selected for a committee. In how many ways can this be done
if there must be exactly 2 girls?
a. 30 b. 60 c. 90 d. 120 e. None of these
3. A two-digit number is written at random. Determine the probability that the number will be a prime
number.
1 1 4 1 7
a. b. c. d. e.
12 3 9 4 30
4. What is the probability that a word formed by randomly rearranging the letters of the word SPEAK
is the word SPEAK itself?
1 1 1 1
a. 1 b. c. d. e.
30 60 120 5

5. In how many ways can A, B, C, D, E, F be seated if A and B cannot be seated next to each other?
(Mutual Trust Bank: MTO-2014)
a. 480 b. 240 c. 360 d. 600 e. 720
 OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON

ANGLES
An angle is formed when two lines intersect at a point.

# Classification of Angles:
 An acute angle measures less than 90.
 A right angle measures exactly 90
 An obtuse angle measures between 90 and 180
 A straight angle measures exactly 180
 A reflex angle measures between 180 and 360

# If the sides of the angle form a straight line, then the angle is said to be a straight angle and has 180
.
# A circle has 360 and a straight angle is a turning through a half circle. All other angles are either
greater or less than 180.
# If two angles have a common vertex and a common leg, and lie at opposite directions of the
common leg, they are called Adjacent angles.
# Two adjacent angles are called Complementary angles or Complements of one another if their
sum is 90. For example, an angle of 30 and an angle of 60 are complementary if they are adjacent.
# Two adjacent angles are called Supplementary angles or supplements of one another if their sum
is 180. For example, an angle of 82and an angle of 98 are supplementary if they are adjacent. In
the given figure, AED is a supplement of BED and vice versa.

D A

E
B C

# When a pair of straight lines intersect, the opposite angles are called Vertical angles and are
equal. In the above diagram, AED = BEC [Vertical angles] and BED = CEA.
# When a pair of parallel lines are crossed by a third straight line (called a transversal), then all the
acute angles formed are equal, and all of the obtuse angles are equal. [Fred’s Theorem]

Example: In the diagram below, angles 1, 4, 5, and 8 are all equal. Angles 2, 3, 6, and 7 are also
equal. Here, 5 and 4 are called alternate angles, and 5 and 1 are called corresponding angles.
Moreover, 3 + 5 = 180

1 2

3 4

5 6

7 8
TRIANGLES
A triangle is a closed figure with three sides, each side being a line segment. The sum of the angles
of a triangle is always 180.

# Classification of Triangles:
 Scalene triangles are triangles with no two sides equal. Scalene triangles also have no two
angles equal.
 Isosceles triangles have two equal sides and two equal angles which are opposite to the
equal sides.
 Equilateral triangles have all three sides and all three angles equal. Since the sum of the
three angles of a triangle is 180, each angle of an equilateral triangle is 60.

# A Right triangle has one angle equal to a right angle (90). The sum of the other two angles of a
right triangle is, therefore, 90. In a right triangle, the longest side (opposite to the right angle) is called
2 2 2
a Hypotenuse. According to Pythagoras theorem, (Base) + (Height) = (Hypotenuse)
# In any triangle, the sum of the length of two sides must be greater than the third side.
# In any triangle, the length of any side must be greater than the difference between the length of the
other two sides.
# An Exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two opposite Interior angles.
# In any triangle, the angle opposite to the greater side is greater than the angle opposite to the
smaller side and vice versa.
# In any equilateral triangle, the medians are also the perpendiculars from vertices as well as angle
bisectors.
# In isosceles triangles, the median from the vertex joining the equal sides is perpendicular to the
base as well as an angle bisector.
# A median divides the triangle into two triangles of equal area.
# Two triangles are called congruent if they are equal in all aspects and can be superimposed on one
another.

QUADRILATERALS

 Quadrilaterals are four-sided enclosed figures which has four interior angles.
 Summation of all the four angles is 360 degree.

I. PARALLELOGRAM:
A Parallelogram is a four - sided figure with each pair of opposite sides parallel.
# Properties of a Parallelogram:
 Each pair of opposite sides are equal. (AD = BC, AB = DC)
 The diagonals bisect each other. (AF = FC, DF = FB)
 The opposite angles are equal. (A = C, D = B)
 One diagonal divides the parallelogram into two congruent triangles. Two diagonals divide the
parallelogram into two pairs of congruent triangles.
 The four triangles created by the diagonals are equal in area.

A D
F

B C
II. RECTANGLE:
A Rectangle is a parallelogram in which all the angles are right angles. Since a rectangle is a
parallelogram, all of the laws which apply to a parallelogram apply to a rectangle. The additional
properties are:
 The angles are all right angles. (A = B = C = D)
 The diagonals of a rectangle are equal. (AC = BD)

A D

E
B C

III. RHOMBUS:
A Rhombus is a parallelogram with four equal sides. Since a rhombus is a parallelogram, all of the
laws which apply to a parallelogram, apply to a rhombus. The additional properties are
 The four sides of a rhombus are equal. (AB = BC = CD = DA)
 The diagonals of a rhombus are perpendicular to each other. (AC  DB)
 The diagonals of a rhombus bisect the vertex angles. (DAC = BAC = DCA = BCA and
ADB = CDB = ABD = CBD)

A D

B C

IV. SQUARE:
A Square is a rectangular rhombus. Thus the square has the following properties:
 All four sides are equal. (AB = BC = CD = DA)
 Opposite pairs of sides are parallel. (AD BC, AB  DC)
 Diagonals are equal, perpendicular to each other, and bisect each other. (AC = BD, AC  BD,
AE = EC = DE = EB)
 All the angles are right angles (90). (A = B = C = D = 90)
 Diagonals intersect the vertices at 45. (DAC = BAC = 45, and similarly for the other 3
vertices)
A D

B C
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4. The perimeters of a square and a rectangle are equal. If their area be 'A' m and 'B' m then correct
statement is
A) A < B B) A ≤ B C) A > B D) A ≥ B

GROUP 1: ANGLES
5. In the given diagram, a = e, and f = 50. c + d =?

a. 105 b. 110 c. 115 d. 120 e. None of these

6. In the figure, what is the value of a? (Midland Bank: MTO-2015)

a. 30 b. 45 c. 72 d. 60

7. In the figure below, line k and l are parallel. What is the value of y-x?

8. In the figure, line segments AD and BE intersect at C. What is the value of x in terms of y?

a. 85 – y
b. 90 – y
c. y – 15
d. y – 25
e. y + 35

9. Angles A and B of triangle ABC are both acute angles. Which of the following best describes C?
a. Angle C is between 0 and 180. b. Angle C is between 0 and 90.
d. Angle C is between 60 and 180. d. Angle C is between 60 and 120.
e. Angle C is between 60 and 90.
10. How many degrees are there in the angle that equals to its own complement?
a. 90 b. 45 c. 60 d. 180 e. 30

11. If a ship is sailing in a northerly direction, and then turns to the right until it is sailing in a
southwesterly direction, it has gone through a rotation of how many degrees?
a. 45 b. 90 c. 135 d. 180 e. 225

12. In the figure, PSQ is a straight line and RS is perpendicular to ST. If RSQ = 48, how many
degrees are there in PST?
R
a. 48
b. 132
c. 90
S
d. 136 P Q

e. 138
T

13. If in the figure below, BC is the longest side of ABC and x is an integer, what is the smallest
possible value of x? B
a. 100
b. 130 80
c. 141
d. 160
x
e. 161
A C

GROUP 2: TRIANGLES

14. In PQR, PR = 7.0, and PQ = 4.5. Which of the following cannot possibly represent the length of
QR?
a. 2.0 b. 3.0 c. 3.5 d. 4.5 e. 5.0

15. If the lengths of the three sides of a triangle are consecutive integers, then the smallest possible
value of the length of the three sides is.
d. 12
b. 7 c. 9 e. 15
a. 6
rd
16. Two sides of a triangle are 13 cm and 5 cm. How many values of 3 side are possible where,
rd
length of 3 side is an integer?
d. 18
b. 9 c. 10 e. None
a. 8

17. Which of the following is a possible length for side AB of triangle ABC if AC = 6 and BC = 9?
I. 3 II. 9 √3 III. 13.5

(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) II and III (E) I, II, and III

18. Three sides of a triangle are x+1, 2x-1, and 3x+1 respectively and the perimeter is 25cm. the
length of the smallest side is?

19. The length of one side of a triangle is 12. The length of another side is 18. Which of the following
could be the perimeter of the triangle? (Indicate all that apply.)

A) 30 B) 36 C) 44 D) 48 E) 60
20. If k is an integer and 2 < k < 7, for how many different values of k is there a triangle with sides of
lengths 2, 7, and k?

(A) one (B) two (C) three (D) four (E) five

21. What type of triangle will the sides measuring 5, 6 and 8 unit form?

a) acute b) right c) obtuse d) do not form any triangle e) can not be determined

22. In the following diagram, AC = CE & BD = DE. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
1. AB is twice as long as CD. 2. AB is parallel to CD. 3. AEB is similar to CED.
a. 1 only A
C
b. 1 and 2 only
c. 1 and 3 only
E
d. 1, 2, and 3
D
e. None of these B

23. In the figure, if AB = 8, BC = 6, AC=10 and CD = 9, then AD =?

a. 12
b. 15
c. 17
d. 20
e. 24

24. In the following diagram, if BC = CD = BD = 1, and ADC is a right angle, what is the perimeter of
ADC? [Perimeter of ABD=? Shahjalal Islami Bank-2013]
a. 3 A

b. 2 + 2
B
c. 2 + 3
d. 3 + 3
e. 4 C D

25. In the following diagram, AB and CD are both perpendicular to BE. If EC = 5, and CD = 4, what is
the ratio of AB to BE? A

a. 1:1 b. 4:3 c. 5:4 d. 5: 3 e. None of these C

B D E
26. In the figure shown below, DE is parallel to BC. If the area of ADE is half that of trapezoid DECB,
what is the ratio of AE to AC? A

a. 1:2 b. 1:2 c. 1:3 d. 1:3 e. 3:1 D E

B C

27. The area of a right triangle is 12 square inches. The ratio of its legs is 2:3. Find the number of
inches in the hypotenuse of this triangle?
a. √13 b. √26 c. 3√13 d. √52 e. 4√13
GROUP 3: QUADRILATERALS, TRAPEZOIDS
nd rd
28. The smallest angle of a quadrilateral is x. The 2 angle is twice the smallest and the 3 angle is
nd th
equal to the 2 one. The 4 angle is equal to the sum of the other three. Find the value of x.
a. 30 b. 36 c. 72 d. 144 e. 180
B

5 ft.
2 ft.

A
29. The trapezoid shown in the figure above represents the cross section of the rudder of a ship. If the
distance from A to B is 13 feet, what is the area of the cross section of the rudder in square feet?
a. 39 b. 40 c. 42 d. 45 e. 46.5

A B

5m

D E C
12 m

30. The area of the above trapezoid is 50 square meters, where AB││CD. If CD= 12 m and BE = 5 m,
what is the length of AB?
a. 6 m b. 7 m c. 8 m d. 9 m e. Cannot be determined

GROUP 4: PARALLELOGRAM, RECTANGLE

31. In the given diagram, if PQRS is a parallelogram, which of the following can be deduced?
1. QT + PT = RT + ST
2. QS is perpendicular to PR.
3. The area of the shaded portion is exactly three times the area of triangle QRT.

a. 1 only
Q R
b. 1 and 2 only
T
c. 2 only
d. 1 and 3 only
P S
e. 1, 2 and 3

32. In parallelogram PQRS, P is four times Q. What is the measurement in degrees of P?

a. 36 b. 72 c. 125 d. 144 e. 150

33. In the figure below, if ABCD is a parallelogram, then what is the value of p-q?
34. In rectangle ABCD below, AC = 10, what is the area of the rectangle?
a. 252
B C
b. 253
c. 48 10
d. 50
e. 100 A 30 D

35. In rectangle ABCD, the diagonals AC and BD intersect at E. Which of the following statements is
not necessarily true?
a. AE = BE b. AEB = CED c. AE is perpendicular to BD
d. AED and AEB are equal in area e. BAC = BDC

GROUP 5: RHOMBUS, SQUARE

36. In a rhombus ABCD, side AB = 10 cm, and BAE = 30. AC and BD intersect at E. What is the
area of the rhombus in sq. cm?

a. 50 b. 502 c. 503 d. 1003 e. cannot be determined

37. If the area of a rhombus is 120 square meter and one of its diagonals is 24 meter, find the length
of a side of the rhombus in meter.
a. 10 b. 12 c. 13 d. 26 e. None

38. If the diagonals of a square divide it into four triangles, the triangles cannot be:
A B
a. right triangles b. isosceles triangles
E
c. similar triangles d. equilateral triangles
e. equal in area
39. If the diagonal of a square is 16 inches long, what is the area of the square? D C
a. 64 square inches b. 642 square inches c. 128 square inches
d. 1282 square inches e. 256 square inches

40. What is the minimum number of tiles of size 16 by 24 required to form a square by placing the tiles
adjacent to one another? (Exim Bank: TO-2015)
a. 6 b. 8 c. 11 d. 16 e. None of these

th
41. Length of diagonal of a square is 42 unit. What is the area of the square? (36 BCS-2016)
 TAKE-HOME ASSIGNMENT

42. If the two sides of a triangle are 5 and 6, the third side cannot be (Agrani Bank: Officer -2015)
a. 7 b. 3 c. 12 d. 2 e. 10

43. If two lines, AB and CD, intersect at a point E, which of the following statements is not true?

a. AEB = CED C B

b. AEC and BEC are complementary.

E
c. CED is a straight angle
d. AEC = BED
e. BED + AED = 180 A D
44. In the diagram below, AB = AC, measure of B = a. A =?
A
a. a – 180
b. 2a – 180
c. 180 – 2a
d. 180 – a
180  a a
e.
2 B C

45. In the diagram shown below, AB is parallel to CD. Which of the following statements is not
necessarily true?
a. 1 + 2 = 180
b. 4 = 7 1 2
A B
c. 5 + 8 + 2 + 4 = 360 3 4
d. 2 + 3 = 180 C
5 6 7 8
D
e. 2 = 6

46. x, y and z are the angle of a triangle. If x = 2y, y = z + 30, how many degrees are there in
x?
a. 22.5 b. 37.5 c. 52.5 d. 90.0 e. 105.0
47. How many degrees are there in the angle which equals to half of its own supplement?
a. 30 b. 45 c. 60 d. 90 e. 120

48. If the figure below is a right triangle, what is the value of x?

a. 1
b. 2 20
14 - x
c. 4
d. 200
e. 400 14 + x

49. In the figure beside, AB is parallel to CD and DEF is an equilateral triangle. Find the measure of
Y.

a. 50 b. 55 c. 60 x

d. 70 e. Cannot be determined  A x+20 B

C D E
Y

F
50. City A is 200 miles from City B, and City B is 400 miles from City C. Which of the following best
describes the distance between City A and City C? (Note: The cities A, B, and C do not all lie on a
straight line)
a. It must be greater than zero.
b. It must be greater than 200 miles.
c. It must be less than 600 miles and greater than zero.
d. It must be less than 600 miles and greater than 200 miles.
e. It must be exactly 400 miles.

51. ABC is an equilateral triangle having a perimeter of 6 centimeters. If AD is a median of this

triangle, what is the perimeter of ADC?
a. 3 + √3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 5√3 e. Cannot be determined

52. In the figure below, QR is parallel to ST and PQ > PR. If PTS = 35, which of the following can
be a value of PQR?
P
(i) 25
(ii) 30 S T
(iii) 35
Q R
a. only i b. only ii c. only iii d. both i and ii e. both ii and iii

53. The perimeter of a right triangle is 18 inches. If the midpoints of the three sides are joined by line
segments, they form another triangle. What is the perimeter of this new triangle?
a. 3 inches b. 6 inches c. 9 inches d. 12 inches e. Cannot be determined

54. In this following diagram, DC ││ FE, AD = DF, DC = 4, and DF = 3. What is the length of FE?
a. 5 A

b. 6
c. 8 C
D
d. 9
e. 10 F E
55. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is exactly twice as long as the shorter leg. What is the number
of degrees in the smallest angle of the triangle?
a. 30 b. 45 c. 60 d. 90 e. Cannot be determined

56. All isosceles right triangles must be:

a. similar b. congruent c. equilateral d. equal in area e. none of these

57. The angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 1:2:3:4. What is the number of degrees in the largest
angle?
a. 72 b. 96 c. 120 d. 144 e. 150

58. If BE││CD, and BC = AB = 5, AE = 5, and CD = 12, what is the area of trapezoid BEDC?

a. 18 A
b. 24
c. 36 B E
d. 60
e. 72
C D
59. A plot of land is in the shape of a trapezoid ABCD whose dimensions are given in the figure
below. What is the perimeter of the land in meter?
a. 48 A 9m B
b. 64
c. 65 13 m 12 m
d. 72
e. Cannot be determined D E C
30 m

60. In the parallelogram ABCD, diagonals AC and BD intersect at E. Which of the following must be
true?

a. AED = BEC b. AE = EC c. BDC = DBA

d. Two of the above must be true. e. All three of the statements must be true.

61. ABDE is a parallelogram where AB = AC, AX = FX and ABC = 50. AYX = 90. AFX =?
a. 15 F
A
b. 20 E
X
c. 25 Y
d. 30
e. None of these B C D

62. If the length of a rectangle is increased by 20% and width is decreased by 20%, then the area of
the rectangle:
a. decreases by 20%. b. decreases by 4%. c. is unchanged.
d. increases by 20% e. increases by 4%
63. James lives on the corner of a rectangular field which measures 160 yards by 120 yards. If he
wants to walk to the opposite corner, he can either travel along the perimeter of the field, or cut
directly across in a straight line. How many yards does he save by taking the direct route?
a. 40 yards b. 60 yards c. 80 yards d. 100 yards e. 110 yards

64. The perimeter of a rhombus is 200 feet and one of its diagonals is equal to 60 feet. What is the
area of the rhombus?
a. 1,500 sq. feet b. 2,400 sq. feet c. 2,500 sq. feet d. 3,000 sq. feet e. 4,800 sq. feet

65. Find the area (in sq. cm) of a rhombus having a side measuring 20 cm and a diagonal measuring
32 cm.
a. 216 b. 324 c. 384 d. 576 e. 768

66. If ABCD is a square and diagonals AC and BD intersect at point E, how many isosceles right
triangles are there in the figure below?
A B
a. 4
b. 5 E
c. 6
d. 7
D C
e. 8
 2
67. The area of a square is 81p . What is the length of the square’s diagonal?

2 2
a. 9p b. 9p2 c. 18p d. 9p e. 81p

z yds. x yds.

y yds.

68. The shaded portion of the rectangular lot shown above represents a flower bed. If the area of the
bed is 24 square yards and x = y + 2, then z =?
a. √13 b. 2√13 c. 6 d. 8 e. 10

69. The area of the PQR beside is 36 units. If PQ = 4 and SQ = 5, what is the area of SQR?
a. 6 Q
b. 24
c. 72
d. 32
e. 30
R S P

70. The difference between two angles of a triangle is 24°. The average of the angles is 54°. Which
one of the following is the value of the greatest angle of the triangle?

a. 45° b. 60° c. 66° d. 72° e. 78°

PART V : ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS FOR SELF-PRACTICE

71. In the figure beside, G is the midpoint of FH and EF┴ FH. If EGF = JFH, FJH = FEG,
GF = 3, and JH = 8, what is the perimeter of ∆ EFG?
E F
a. 12
b. 6√8 G
c. 11 + √73
J H
d. 24
e. None of these

72. A picture in an art museum is 6 feet wide and 8 feet long. If its frame has a width of 6 inches, what
is the ratio of the area of the frame to the area of the picture?
5 5 4 5 3
a. b. c. d. e.
16 4 5 12 10

73. What is the perimeter, in centimeters, of a rectangular newspaper ad 14 cm wide that has the
same area as a rectangular newspaper ad 52 cm long and 28 cm wide?
a. 80 b. 118 c. 160 d. 208 e. 236
74. In the following diagram, AB = AC, A = 40, and BD is perpendicular to AC at D. How many
degrees are there in DBC?
A
a. 20
b. 40
D
c. 50
d. 70
B C
e. None of these

75. If ADC =150, AB = y cm and BC = x cm, find the area of parallelogram ABCD.

xy 2xy D C
3 xy b. c.
a.
4 2 3
3xy xy
d. e. A B
2 2

76. ABCD is a rectangle. ABE = 30, BC = 6 cm and ED = 2AE. What is the area of the  AEB?
a. 4
A E D
b. 2√3
c. 3√2
d. 8/√3
e. None of these
B C

77. If a rectangle with a perimeter of 48 inches is equal in area to a right triangle with legs of 12
inches and 24 inches, what is the length of the rectangle’s diagonal?

a. 12 inches b. 122 inches c. 123 inches d. 24 inches e. Cannot be determined

78. In the figure below, AB and GE are parallel. In ACD, CA = CD. The measures of FDE and
GDH are 60 and 65 respectively. What is the measure of CAB? B E

a. 5 C
b. 25
c. 55 D 60
F
d. 65 A
65
e. Cannot be determined
G H
79. In the figure below, E is the midpoint of AC. AC is perpendicular to AB, and AD = DB. If BC = 4
2 2
cm, what is the value of BE + CD ? C
a. 25
b. 24
E
c. 20
d. 16
A D B
e. None of these

80. Beside shows a square. Let A denote the hypotenuse of the right triangle, and B the side
length of the square. Given that, A = B, find the area of the yellow region.
a. 25 b. 50 c. 100 d. 16 e. None of these
81. If ABCD is a square with area 625, and CEFD is a rhombus with area 500,
then the area of the shaded region is:

a. 125 b. 175 c. 200 d. 250 e. 275

82. In the diagram below, BAC = 50. If BF and CF are bisectors of DBC and ECB respectively,
what is the measure of BFC?
A

a. 50
b. 65
B C
c. 85
d. 115
e. Cannot be determined
D F E

83. In triangle PQR, QS and SR are angle bisectors and P = 80. How many degrees are there in
QSR?
P
a. 115
80
b. 120
c. 125
S
d. 130
Q R
e. 135

84. In the triangle, AC=AB, BC=BD=AD. Find the value of ∠DBA.

(MBA-IBA: Jun-2013)

a. 32 b. 36 c. 37.5 d. 39 e. None of these

85. There are two poles of height 6 m and 10 m and they are 7 m apart. A rope is
connected from the top of one pole to the bottom of another pole. What is the
height of the point from ground where these two ropes intersect?

a. 1.25 b. 2.50 c. 3.50 d. 3.75 e. None of these

86. In the figure, ∠ABE = ∠BDC = 90. AB = 4 cm and ∠BAE = 45. If CD = AE, what is the area of
the triangle BCE, in sq. cm?

a. 8 b. 8√2 c. 12 d. 12√2 e. None of these

87. The diagonal of a square is 4√2 cm. The diagonal of another square, whose area is double that of
the first square, is

(a) 8√2 (b) 16 cm (c) √32 cm (d) 8 cm

88. The perpendicular dropped from the vertex of the right angle upon the hypotenuse divides it into
two segments of 9 and 16 feet respectively. Find the lengths of the perpendicular, and the two legs of
the triangle. (MIT admission Test – 1869)

89. What is the area of an obtuse angled triangle whose two sides are 8 and 12 and the angle
included between two sides is 150 degree?

A. 24 sq units B. 48 sq units C. 24√3 D. 48√3 E. Cannot be determined

90. A triangle has a perimeter 13. The two shorter sides have integer lengths equal to x and x + 1.
Which of the following could be the length of the other side? (IBA-BBA: 2012-12)

a. 8 b. 7 c. 6 d. 5 e. None

91. The ratio between the perimeter and the breadth of a rectangle is 5:1. If the area of the rectangle
2
is 216 cm , what is the length of the rectangle? (Combined 5 Banks / FI's: Officer (Cash) – 2019)

(A) 16 cm (B) 24 cm (C) 18 cm (D) None of these

92. In the parallelogram, PQ ∥ BC and P is the midpoint of AB. If PR 16 cm and area of ABCD is 128
sq. cm, what is the area of the ∆ARD in sq. cm?

(A) 16 (B) 20 (C) 24 (D) 28 (E) 32

93. In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle and the area of ∆ACE is 10. What is the area of the rectangle?

(A) 18 (B) 22.5 (C) 36 (D) 44 (E) 45

94. In the given figure, PM is one-fourth of PQ and PN is three-fifth of NS. If the area of PMRN is 12.5
2 2
cm , then what is the area of PQRS (in cm )?

(A) 60 (B) 40 (C) 37.5 (D) 52.5

 Review Test

1. If the angles of a triangle are in the ratio 2:3:7, the triangle is:
a. acute b. isosceles c. obtuse d. right e. equilateral

2. What is the perimeter, in meters, of a rectangular garden 6 meters wide that has the same area as
a rectangular playground 16 meters long and 12 meters wide?
a. 48 b. 56 c. 60 d. 76 e. 192

3. If the length of a rectangle is increased by 50% and width is decreased by 40%, what happens to
the area of the rectangle?
a. 10% increased b. 10% decreased c. 20% increased b. 20% decreased e. None

4. In the following diagram, ABCD is a parallelogram, and BFDE is a square where AB = 20 and CF =
16, what is the perimeter of the parallelogram ABCD?
a. 72
B F 16 C
b. 78
2
c. 86 0
d. 92
A E D
e. 96
2
5. The area of a square is 144s . What is the length of the square’s diagonal?

2 2
a. 12s b. 12s2 c. 24s d. 12s e. 144s

6. In the figure below, if AC = 12, DC = 18, and DB = 15, what is the length of AF?
a. 8
D
b. 9
c. 10 F
E
d. 11
e. 12
A B C

7. In the following diagram, if AB and CD are parallel, what is the value of x in terms of b?
a. b E
b. b – 180
x G
c. 90 – b A B
d. 180 – b b
C D
360  b K
e.
2
F
8. In the following triangle, x = 100 and y = 3z, Find the value of z.
a. 45
x
b. 60
c. 35
y z
d. 20
e. 80
9. In the figure below, KJ bisects J. The measure of K is 40 and the measure of L is 20. What
is the measure of N?
K
a. 57
L
b. 60
c. 75
d. 80
e. Cannot be determined N M J

10. If the diagonal of a square is 62 feet long, what is the perimeter of the square?

a. 24 feet b. 36 feet c. 242 feet d. 72 feet e. None

OVERVIEW OF THE LESSON

CIRCLE B

D
O

E
F
A C
G
# A circle is a closed figure in which each point on the outer rim is equidistant from the center of the
figure. In the circle given above, O is the center. The total length curved path of the circle is called
circumference.
# The distance from the center to the circle is the radius. In the given circle, OE is the radius.
# Any line which connect two points on the circle is a chord. In the given circle, AC, and AD are
chords.
# A chord through the center of the circle is a diameter. A diameter is the longest chord of a circle. In
the given circle, line segment DE or DOE is a diameter.
# A tangent to a circle is a line that is perpendicular to the radius at the point of tangency and that
passes through only one point of the circle. In the diagram, BF is a tangent.
# An arc is a curved section of a circle. Two distinct points can form two different arcs; the shorter arc
is called a minor arc and the longer one is called a major arc. In the given circle, AGC is a minor arc
and ADE is a major arc.
# A central angle of a circle is an angle with its vertex at the center and sides that are the radii. Arcs
have the same degree measure as the central angle whose sides meet the circle at the two ends of
the arc. AOC, DOA, and DOE are central angles in the given diagram.
# An inscribed angle of a circle is an angle whose sides are two chords. The vertex of the angle lies
on the circumference of the circle. ADE is an inscribed angle in the given diagram.
# A sector of a circle is a slice of a circle formed by two radii and an arc. In the given circle, OAGC is
a sector.
Theorems:
# The length of the diameter of a circle is twice the length of the radius.
# The circumference (length of the curve) is 2π times the length of the radius. π is a constant (the ratio
of circumference to diameter) approximately equal to 22/7 or 3.14. The formula for the circumference
of a circle is, C = 2πr where C = circumference and r = radius.
# An angle inscribed in a semicircle is always a right angle. [A semicircle is one half of a circle.]
# The line segment connecting the mid-point of a chord and the center is perpendicular to the chord.
# The perpendicular on the chord from the center bisects the chord.
# Equal chords are equidistant from the center.
# The longer a chord in a circle is, the closer it is to the center and vice versa.
# All the inscribed angles from equal chords are equal.
# From a given chord, the central angle is twice as much as each inscribed angle.
# Any point outside a circle can extend exactly two tangent lines to the circle. The distances from the
origin of the tangents to the points where the tangents intersect with the circle are equal.
x
# Length of an Arc = 2πr  [Here, r = radius, and x = central angle]
360

x
# Area of a Sector = πr 
2
[Here, r = radius, and x = central angle]
360

POLYGONS
A Polygon is a closed plane figure whose sides are straight lines and which has at least 3 sides or
more. So the smallest polygon is a triangle. The sum of the angles in any polygon is equal to 180 (n -
2), where n is the number of sides. Thus, in a polygon of 3 sides (a triangle), the sum of the angles is
180(3 - 2) or 180.

# A Regular polygon is a polygon all of whose sides are equal and all of whose angles are equal.
These polygons have special properties.
180(n- 2)
Each angle of a regular polygon of ‘n’ sides =
n

SOLID GEOMETRY
Solid geometry is concerned with three-dimensional shapes. Some examples of three-dimensional
shapes are rectangular solids, cubes, cylinders, spheres, cones etc. We will mainly look at the volume
formula and surface area formula of the solids.

I. RECTANGULAR SOLID

 In a rectangular solid, the length, width and height

may be of different lengths.
 The volume of a rectangular solid would be the
product of the length, width and height.
 Volume of rectangular solid = l x w x h
h  Surface area of rectangular solid = 2lw + 2lh + 2wh =
w 2 (lw + lh + wh)

l
II. CUBE
 A cube is a three-dimensional figure with six equal
square sides.

If a is the length of one of its sides, then the volume of
3
the cube is a × a × a or, volume of the cube = a
 2
The area of each face of a cube is a . Since a cube
a
has six square-shaped faces, its total surface area is
2 2
6 times a or, Surface area of a cube = 6a
a
a

III. CYLINDER
r
 A cylinder is a solid with two congruent circles joined
by a curved surface.
 If the radius of the circular base is r and the height is
h h, then the volume of the cylinder is the area of the
base × height, i.e. volume = r h
2

 Surface area of a cylinder = 2 × area of circle + area

2
of rectangle. So, S.A. = 2πr + 2πrh = 2πr (r + h)

IV. SPHERE

 A sphere is a solid with all its points the same

distance from the center.

If the radius of the sphere is r, then the volume, V =
r
r
3

2
 Surface area of a sphere, S.A. = 4r

ROTATION OF WHEEL
This type of problem deals with the distance travelled by a wheel or any circular disk. One revolution
of a wheel will make it move a distance equal to its circumference. The circumference of a circle is the
total distance around its outside. Circumference equals the diameter of the circle multiplied by π (pi),
which is about 3.14 or 22/7. And the unit of travelled distance is the same as the unit of the radius or
diameter of the wheel.
Circumference = πd, or 2πr [Where, r = radius of the wheel & d = diameter of the wheel]

If two wheels of different radius travel the same distance in the same time, i.e. their speeds remain
same, then-
n1r1  n2r2
Here,
n1  Number of revolutions of the 1 wheel
st

n2  Number of revolutions of the 2 wheel

nd

r1  Radius of the 1 wheel

st

r2  Radius of the 2 wheel

nd

Example: If a circle has a radius of 7 inches, how much distance does it travel in 10 revolutions?
Solution: In 1 revolution it travels = 2πr = 2 x 22/7 x 7 = 44 inches.
So in 10 revolutions it travels 44 x 10 = 440 inches.
 SOME COMMON GEOMETRIC FIGURES WITH NECESSARY FORMULA

Square
Quantity Formula
a 2
A=a
Area 1 2
d A= d
a a 2
Perimeter P = 4a
a Diagonal d = a√2

Rectangle
a
Quantity Formula
d Area A = ab
b b
Perimeter P = 2(a + b)
a Diagonal d= a2  b2

Parallelogram

Quantity Formula
C
a h Area A = bh
C
Perimeter P = 2(a + b)
b

Rhombus

A D Quantity Formula
a 1
A= d1 x d2
E Area 2
= ½ x diagonal1 x diagonal2
B C
Perimeter P = 4a

Triangle

Quantity Formula

a 1
c Area A= bxh
h 2
C
Perimeter a+b+c
b
Right Triangle

Quantity Formula
c 1
a Area A= ab
2
Perimeter a+b+c
b
Hypotenuse c= a2  b2

Equilateral Triangle

Quantity Formula
3 2
Area A= a
a h a 4
Perimeter P = 3a

a 3
Height h= a
2

Trapezoid
b
Quantity Formula
c h d 1
Area A= h(a  b)
2
Perimeter P=a+b+c+d
a

Circle

r
Quantity Formula
r
A = r
2
Area
d
Circumference C = d = 2r

Semicircle

Quantity Formula
r r 1 2
Area A= r
2
1
d Perimeter P = d(  + 1)
2
Rectangular Solid

Quantity Formula
V = lwh
Volume
V = Bh
h
w Surface Area SA = 2(wh + hl + lw)

Longest Diagonal d= a2  b 2  c 2
l

Cube

Quantity Formula
2
Surface Area SA = 6a
3
a Volume V= a

Short Diagonal ds = a2

a
a Longest Diagonal dl = a3

Cylinder

r
Quantity Formula
V = Bh
Volume
h
V = r h
2

S1 = 2rh (without
bases)
Surface Area
S2 = 2r(h + r) (with
bases)

Sphere

Quantity Formula
r 4 3
Volume V= r
3
S = 4r
2
Surface Area

Regular Hexagon
A
a
F B Quantity Formula
180 x (6-2) / 6 =
Each Angle (equal)
120
E C 3 3 2
Area A= a
2
D
 CLASS PRACTICE

GROUP 1: CIRCLE

1. The ratio of the area of a circle to the radius of the circle is: (Midland Bank: TAO-2015)
r
a. r c. 
2
b. 2 d. e. Cannot be determined
2

2. In the figure, O is the center of the circle and OCB = 35. What is the value of BAC?
A
a. 65
b. 60
c. 55
O
d. 50
e. None of these B C

3. If the radius of a circle is decreased by 50%, what will be the percent decrease in the area of the
circle?
a. 50% b. 25% c. 75% d. 100% e. None of these

4. In the figure, below, O is the center of the circle. If OB = 5, and AC = 24, what is the value of the
circumference of the circle?
a. 13
b. 26
O
c. 48
d. 50
e. Cannot be determined A B C

5. In the figure, circle P has diameter 2 circle Q has diameter 1. What is the area of the shaded
region? (Midland Bank: MTO-2015)
Circle
P

Circle
Q

3 7
a. b. 3 c. d. 6
4 2

6. S is the center of the following circle. The diameter of the circle is 6 cm and RST = 40°. What is
the area of the shaded portion in sq. cm?
a. π R
b. 2 π
c. 3 π S

d. 4 π
T
e. None of these
7. In the square ABCD, the four un-shaded parts are quarter circles each having the
same radius. If the side of the square is 16, what is the area of the shaded part?
Express the answer in terms of π. (Basic Bank: AO-2009)

8. If the area of a semicircle is 8 square inches, what is the perimeter of the semicircle?
a. 8 inches b. 4 2  inches c. 8 + 4 inches
d. 8 + 8 inches e. None of these

GROUP 2: POLYGONS

9. How many degrees are there in the angle formed by two adjacent sides of a regular nonagon?

a. 40 b. 70 c. 105 d. 120 e. 140

10. In the diagram below, ABCDEF is a regular hexagon. How many degrees are there in ACD?
A
a. 45
b. 60 F B

c. 75
d. 90
E C
e. None of these
D

E
11. If AE is parallel to BC in the pentagon beside, then E + D + C =? A
D
a) 100 b) 280 C) 320 d) 360 e) Cannot be determined B
C

12. How many diagonals a dodecagon has?

a. 12 b. 36 c. 54 d. 144 e. Cannot be determined

GROUP 3: SOLID GEOMETRY (RECTANGULAR SOLID, CUBE, CYLINDER, SPHERE)

13. A rectangular solid has a length of 20 feet. Its width is one-half of its length and the height is the
average of its length and width. What is the volume of the rectangular solid in cubic feet?
a. 1000 b. 1500 c. 2000 d. 3000 e. 4500

14. If the edges of a cube add up to 4 feet in length, what is the volume of the cube?
a. 64 cubic inches b. 125 cubic inches c. 216 cubic inches
d. 512 cubic inches e. None of these

15. If the volume of a cube is 216 cubic kms, find the surface area of the cube.
a. 36 sq. kms b. 54 sq. kms c. 216 sq. kms d. 18 sq. kms e. None of these

16. Find the surface area of a 10 cm × 4 cm × 3 cm brick. (Janata Bank - 2015)

a. 48 sq. cm b. 124 sq. cm c. 164 sq. cm d. 180 sq. cm

17. If one cubic foot of water equals 7.5 gallons, how long will it take for a faucet which flows at the
rate of 8 gal/ min to fill a cylindrical vase with radius of 2 feet and height of 7 feet?
a. 4 minutes b. 5 minutes c. 9 minutes d. 11 minutes e. None of these
 44
18. If the height of a cylinder is twice its radius and the volume of the cylinder is cubic meter, what
7
is the radius of the cylinder in meter?
a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 9 e. Cannot be determined

19. The volume of a sphere is equal to the volume of a cylinder. If the radius of the sphere is 4 miles
and the radius of the cylinder is 8 miles, what is the height of the cylinder?
4 16
a. 8 miles b. miles c. 4 miles d. miles e. 1 mile
3 3

GROUP 4: ROTATION OF WHEEL

20. A wheel travels 33 yards in 15 revolutions. What is its diameter?

a. 0.35 feet b. 0.70 feet c. 1.05 feet d. 1.40 feet e. 2.10 feet

21. Two wheels have diameters of 12 inches and 18 inches respectively. Both wheels roll along
parallel straight lines at the same linear speed until the large wheel has revolved 72 times. At this
point, how many times has the small wheel revolved?
a. 32 b. 48 c. 72 d. 108 e. 162

22. A circular disc of area 0.49  22/7 sq. meters rolls down an incline of 0.88 kilometer length, what
is the number of revolutions it makes during this journey?
a. 150 b. 200 c. 250 d. 400 e. 2,000

GROUP 5: FINDING VARIOUS MEASUREMENTS

23. A man walks 4 kms, turns left and walks 3 kms and again turns left and walks 3 kms. How far in
kilometers is he now from the starting point?

a. 3 b. 3 c. 10 d. 12 e. 15

24. A certain type of linoleum costs Tk. 1.50 per square yard. If a room measures 27 feet by 14 feet,
what will be the cost of covering it with linoleum?
a. Tk. 44.10 b. Tk. 51.60 c. Tk. 63.00 d. Tk. 189.00 e. Tk. 567.00
25. The measurements of a rectangle are 12 feet by 16 feet. What is the area of the smallest circle
that can cover this rectangle entirely so that no part of the rectangle is outside the circle?
a. 192 square feet b. 384 square feet c. 100 square feet
d. 128 square feet e. 400 square feet
3
26. A man wishes to cover his floor with tiles, each one measuring inch by 2 inches. If his room is
4
a rectangle, measuring 12 feet by 18 feet, how many such tiles will he need?
a. 144 b. 1,152 c. 1,728 d. 9,126 e. 20,736

27. A man walking at a speed of 4 km/hr crosses a square field diagonally in 3 minutes. The area of
the field, in square meters, is?

28. Sabbir started cycling along the boundaries of a square field from corner point A. After half an
hour he reached corner point C, diagonally opposite to A. If his speed was 8 km/hr, what is the
area of the square?
a. 64 b. 8 c. 4 d. cannot be determined.
29. A rectangular field of 200 m by 120 m has two roads running along its center, one along the length
and the other along the width. If the width of the roads is 5m, what is the area covered by the two
roads?
30. In the figure below, the three circles have the same center. The radii of the circles are 3, 4, and 5.
If a point in the figure below is chosen at random, what is the probability that the point lies in the
non-shaded ring in the middle?

a. 1 b. 7 c. 1 d. 8 e. 9
5 25 3 25 25

TAKE-HOME ASSIGNMENT

31. In the figure beside, O is the center of the circle. If POQ = 36° and the length of arc PQ = 4 cm,
what is the radius of the circle in cm?
P
a. 12 b. 20 c. 24 d. 40 e. 42
O

Q
32. In the figure, AB is tangent to the circle at A. AC is a diameter. If BC = 12, and AB = 8, what is the
area of the circle?
a. 8 C

b. 9
c. 12
d. 20
e. 24 A B

33. If the area of a semicircle is 18 square inches, what is the diameter of the semicircle?
a. 4 inches b. 6 inches c. 8 inches
d. 12 inches e. None of these

34. What is the area of a semicircle with a diameter of 16 inches?

a. 32 square inches b. 64 square inches c. 128 square inches
d. 256 square inches e. 512 square inches
35. When the diameter of a circle is trebled, the area is multiplied by how many times?
(Bangladesh Bank: AD-2015)
a. 3 b. 6 c. 9 d. 12 e. None of these

36. The circle in the figure beside has center O. Which of the following measures for the figure would
be sufficient by itself to determine the radius of the circle? P

I) The length of minor arc PQR Q

II) The perimeter of triangle OPR
III) The length of chord PR R
O
a. I only b. II only c. III only
d. I and III only e. I, II, and III

37. What is the area of a regular hexagon with a side measuring 1 inch?
3 3 3 3
a. b. 3 c. d. 3 e. 6
4 2
38. How many degrees are there between two adjacent sides of a regular pentagon?

a. 108 b. 120 c. 129 d. 135 e. 140

39. How many diagonals does a 63 sided convex polygon have?

a. 1890 b. 1953 c. 3780 d. 3843 e. 3906

40. If the sum of the interior angles of a polygon measures up to 1260 degrees, how many sides
does the polygon have?

a. 8 sides b. 9 sides c. 12 sides d. 14 sides e. Cannot be determined

41. What is the length of the line segment connecting the two most distant vertices of a 1 inch cube?
a. 1 inch b. 2 inches c. 3 inches d. 5 inches e. 6 inches

42. If the volume of a cube is 27 cubic meters, find the surface area of the cube.
a. 9 square meters b. 18 square meters c. 54 square meters
d. 3 square meters e. 1 square meter

43. What is the volume of a cylinder whose radius is 4 inches, and whose height is 10 inches?
a. 125.6 cubic inches b. 134.4 cubic inches c. 144.0 cubic inches
d. 201.2 cubic inches e. 502.4 cubic inches

44. If one gallon of water equals 231 cubic inches, approximately how much water will fill a cylindrical
vase 7 inches in diameter, and 10 inches high?
a. 1.7 gallons b. 2.1 gallons c. 3.3 gallons d. 5.3 gallons e. 6.7 gallons

45. The volume of a sphere is twice the volume of a cylinder. If the volume of the cylinder is 18π cubic
cm, what is the radius of the sphere?
a. 3 cm b. 6 cm c. 9 cm d. 18 cm e. 27 cm

46. What is the radius of the circle that circumscribes the triangle, measure of whose sides is 9, 40
and 41?
a. 20 b. 20.5 c. 4.5 d. 41 e. Cannot be determined

47. If water flows into a rectangular tank at the rate of 6 cubic feet per minute, how long will it take to
fill the tank, which measures 18 32 27?
a. less than one minute b. less than two minutes, but not less than one minute
c. less than three minutes, but not less than two minutes
d. less than four minutes, but not less than three minutes e. four minutes or more

48. If the radius of a wheel is ‘f’ feet, how many revolutions does the wheel make per mile? [1 mile =
5,280 feet]
5,280 2,640
c. 5,280f
2
a. 5,280f b. d. e. None of these
πf πf
49. A pulley having a 9-inch diameter is belted to a pulley having a 6-inch diameter, as shown in the
figure. If the large pulley runs at 120 rpm, what is the revolution per minute of the small pulley
(rpm)?

9 6
” ”

a. 80 b. 100 c. 160 d. 180 e. 240

 3
50. The tip of a blade of an electric fan is
feet from the axis of rotation. If the fan spins at a full rate
2
of 1760 revolutions per minute, how many miles will a point at the tip of a blade travel in one
hour?
a. 30 b. 40 c. 48 d. 50 e. 60

51. A man walks 7 kms, turns left and walks 5 kms, and again turns left and walks 4 kms. How far in
kilometers is he now from the starting point?
a. 16 b. 8 c. 7 d. 4 e. 34

51. Riyad lives 4 kilometers due west of Nafis’s house. Emon lives 6 kilometers due north of Nafis’s
house and 4 kilometers due west of Shuvro’s house. What is the straight line distance, in
kilometers, from Riyad’s house to Shuvro’s house?
a. 4 b. 5 c. 8 d. 10 e. 12

53. Tiles of linoleum, measuring 8 inches x 8 inches, cost Tk.0.09 a piece. At this rate, what will it cost
a man to cover a floor with such tiles, if his floor measures 10 feet by 16 feet?
a. Tk. 22.50 b. b. Tk. 25.00 c. Tk. 28.00 d. Tk. 32.40 e. Tk. 36.00
54. A rectangle has a length of 8 feet and a width of 6 feet. What is the area of the largest circle that
can be placed inside this rectangle?
a. 3 square feet b. 9 square feet c. 25 square feet
d. 36 square feet e. 100 square feet

55. The floor of a rectangular room has sides of 10 yards and 5 yards respectively. It is to be covered
with carpeting at a price of Tk. 2.50 a square feet. What will be the cost of the carpeting?
a. Tk. 125 b. Tk. 375 c. Tk. 750 d. Tk. 1125 e. None of these

56. In the circle above, PQ is parallel to diameter OR, and OR has length 18 and P Q
PRO = 35°. What is the length of minor arc PO?
35°
O R
9π 7π 9π
a. 2 b. c. d. e. 3
4 2 2

57. In the figure, AB, the diameter of the circle, is parallel to CD. If AEB = 40° and AE = BE,
then ACD =?
A C
a. 100°
b. 110°
c. 115° E
d. 120°
e. None of these B D


C
x
O

58. The circle with center C shown above is tangent to both axes. If the distance from O to C is equal
to k, what is the radius of the circle, in terms of k?
k k k k
a. k b. c. d. e.
2 3 2 3
59. A window has a shape of a semi-circle placed on top of a square. If the length of side of the
square is 20 inches, how many square inches is the area of the window?
a. 400 b. 200 c. 200(2+) d. 50(8+) e. 60

60. A cube has an edge that is 4-inches long. If the edge is increased 25%, then the volume is
increased by approximately:
a. 25% b. 48% c. 73% d. 95% e. 125%

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS FOR SELF-PRACTICE

61. Two similar spheres made of the same material have weights of 32 kg and 108 kg respectively. If
the radius of the larger sphere is 9 cm, what is the radius of the smaller sphere?

a. 4 cm b. 5 cm c. 6 cm d. 10 cm e. 8 cm

62. In the diagram pictured below, O is the center of the circle. BA is tangent to the circle at point A,
and CD is Perpendicular to OA at D. Which of the following statements is (are) true?
I. ODC and OBA are similar. B
II. OA: DC = OB: AB
III. AB is twice as long as CD. C
a. I only
b. III only
O D A
c. I and II only
d. I and III only
e. None of the above combinations

63. An isosceles triangle has the length 10 cm of its each equal side and their adjacent angle is 45.
What is the area?

a. 10 b. 252 c. 252/2 d. 50 e. 100

64. ASB is a quarter circle. PQRS is a rectangle with sides PQ = 8 and PS = 6.

What is the length of the arc AQB?

a. 5 b. 10 c. 25 d. 14 e. None of these

65. A rectangle PQRS inscribed in a circle and PQ = 6. If the area of the rectangular region is 48,
what is the area of the circular region?
(RAKUB:SO-2014)

66. An equilateral triangle of side measuring 12 cm has a circle inscribed in it.

Another equilateral triangle is drawn so as to inscribe the circle. Find the ratio of the
area of larger triangle to smaller triangle.

a. 3 : 1 b. 2 : 1 c. 2 : 1 d. 4 : 1 e. None of these

67. A circle is inscribed in a square and then a smaller square is inscribed in the circle.
The ratio of the area of the smaller square to that of the larger square is:

a. 1 : 4 b. 2 : 2 c. 1 : 2 d. 1 : 2 e. None of these
68. In the figure beside, point O is the center of the circle and OC = AC = AB.
What is the value of x?

a. 40 b. 36 c. 34 d. 32 e. 30

69. O is the centre of the circle. If BC = d, AC = x and AB = y, what is the length of AO?

xy dx dy
a. b. c. d. 0.5dx e. None of these
d y x

70. Four equal circles each of diameter 1 foot touch at four points as shown in the figure.
What is the area (in square feet) of the shaded portion?

π π
a. 1 - b. 1 -  c. 1 - 4 d.  e.
4 4

71. A quadrant is cut off from a circle of radius 8 cm. What is the radius of the base of
the cone when sides CO and DO of the remaining figure are joined?

72. The hexagon ABCDEF is regular. That means all its sides are the same length with
2 feet and interior angles are same. What is the area of rectangle BCEF?

73. In the figure, O is the center of the circle. If OC = BC, what is the value of ∠BAC?

a. 22.5 b. 30 c. 45 d. 60 e. None of these

74. An equilateral triangle is inscribed in a circle as shown. If the radius of the circle
is 2, what is the area of the triangle?

2
a. b. 2 c. 33 d. 103 e. None of these
2
75. In the figure, the circle is inscribed in the equilateral triangle. If the diameter of the
circle is 2, what is the sum of the shaded area?

3 3 - 3π 6 3 - 3π
a. 33 -  b. 33 - 4 c. d. e. 108 - 
2 2

76
 Coordinate Geometry

Definition
Coordinate geometry, or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system and the
principles of algebra and analysis. Coordinate geometry is used to represent algebraic relations on graphs.
X axis
The horizontal scale is called the x-axis and is usually drawn with the zero point in the middle. Values to the
right are positive and those to the left are negative.
Y axis
The vertical scale is called the y-axis and is also usually drawn with the zero point in the middle. Values above
the origin are positive and those below are negative.
Origin
The point where the two axes cross (at zero on both scales) is called the origin.

Quadrants
When the origin is in the center of the plane, they divide
it into four areas called quadrants.

The first quadrant, by convention, is the top right, and

then they go around counter-clockwise. In the diagram
above they are labeled Quadrant 1, 2 etc. It is
conventional to label them with numerals but we talk
about them as "first, second, third, and fourth quadrant".

Midpoint of a Line Segment Length of a Line Segment (Distance) /

A midpoint of a segment is the point on that line Distance between the points:
segment that divides the segment into two congruent
segments. Distance between two points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is:

Slope: Slope =
Angle made by the line with the positive direction of x -
axis is called the inclination of the line.
Parallel lines have equal slope.
If θ is the inclination, then ‘tan θ’ denotes the slope of
If m1 = m2, then the lines are parallel.
the line.
Slope of the line joining the points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) is
Product of slopes of 2 Vertical lines is -1.
If m1*m2 = -1, then the lines are perpendicular to each
. The slope is also indicated by m. other.

Slope intercept form: Point slope form:

All straight lines can be written as y = mx + c, where m The equation of a straight line passing through (x1,y1)
is the slope of the straight line, c is the Y intercept or the and having a slope m is y−y1 = m(x−x1)
Y coordinate of the point at which the straight line cuts
the Y-axis.

Circle on a plane: In an x-y Cartesian coordinate system, the circle with center (a, b) and radius r is the set of all
points (x, y) such that:

This equation of the circle follows from the Pythagorean theorem applied to any point on the circle: as shown in
the diagram above, the radius is the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle whose other sides are of length
and .
Area of the Triangle:
The area of a triangle whose vertices are (x1,y1), (x2,y2) and (x3,y3) = (1/2)*[x1(y2−y3)+x2(y3−y1)+x3(y1−y2)]

Area of a polygon
First, number the vertices in order, going either clockwise or counter-clockwise, starting at any vertex.

1. A line segment is drawn from point (8, -2) to point (4, 6). The co-ordinates of the midpoint of this line
segment are:
(A) (12, 4) (B) (12, 8) (C) (6, 4) (D) (6, 2) (E) (6, -2)

2. Find distance from point A (3,4) to B(-3,-4)?

(A) 0 (B) 5 (C) 10 (D) 13 (E) 14

3. Point P(0,4) is the midpoint of line AB, where the coordinates of point A are (-2,5). The coordinates of
point B are:
(A) (-4,-10) (B) (2,-5) (C) (2,5) (D) (2,-3) (E) (2,3)
Solution:
(-2+x₂)/2 = 0; x₂ = 2
(5+y₂)/2 = 4; y₂ = 3
So, (x₂, y₂) = (2, 3) [Ans. option E]

4. AB is a diameter of a circle whose center is 0. The coordinates of point A are (-2,0) and point B are (2,0).
The circle passes through a point whose coordinates are
(A) (-2, -2) (B) (-2, 2) (C) (0, 4) (D) (0, -2) (E) (2, 2)
Solution: Radius is 2. So, (0, -2) [Ans. option D]

5. What is the slope of the line that contains the points (1, 3) and (4, -3)? [BB-AD – 2011]

(A) – 2 (B) – 0.5 (C) 1 (D) 2 (E) 3 [Ans. A]

6. In the xy-plane, what is the slope of the line with equation 3x + 7y = 9?

(A) -7/3 (B) -3/7 (C) 3/7 (D) 3 (E) 7

Solution: Re-writing the given equation in point-intercept form (y = mx+b):
3x + 7y = 9
=> 7y = -3x + 9
=> y = -(3/7)x + 9/7
So, slope of the line => -3/7 [Ans. option B]

7. Which line is parallel to y = x – 2? [Rupali Bank-Off.-Cash – 2018 (AF)]

(A) y = 2x+1 (B) 2y = 2x – 6 (C) 2y = x+7 (D) y = 3x+1

8. The line perpendicular to y = x–2 is – [Combined 5 Bank – Officer – 2018 (AF)]

(A) y = 2x+1 (B) 2y = –2x–5 (C) 2y = x+7 (D) y = 3x+1

9. What is the slope of the line perpendicular to the line y = – 5x+ 9?

[BB-(AD) – 2018 (AF); Sonali Bank–(SO) - 2018; Agrani Bank–(Cash) – 2017]
(A) 5 (B) –5 (C) 1/5 (D) –1/5

10. Which of the following equations does not represent a straight line?
[BHBFC-(SO) – 2017]
(A) y = 2x+3 (B) y = 2x2 + 3 (C) y(2+x) = 3 (D) y + x – 3 = 7

11. Find k, if the line 4x – y = 1 is perpendicular to the line 5x – ky = 2?

(A) 20 (B) -20 (C) 4 (D) -4 (E) None of these

Solution: a₁a₂ + b₁b₂ = 0

=> 4 x 5 + (-1) x (-k) = 0
=> 20 + k = 0
=> k = -20 [Ans. option B]

12.

13. The vertices of triangle ABC are (2,2), (2,6), (6,2). What is the area of triangle ABC?

(A) 8 (B) 10 (C) 15 (D) 20 (E) 32

14. Co-ordinates of 4 points are: A(5,8), B(7,8), C(13,2), D(3,2). Find the area of quadrilateral ABCD.

(A) 24 (B) 30 (C) 35 (D) 36 (E) 48

15. If the co-ordinates of a quadrilateral are: (2,5), (-3,0), (4,-1), (6,0), what is the area of the quadrilateral?

(A) 27 (B) 30 (C) 33 (D) 36 (E) None of these

16. What is the area of the trapezium in the figure below?

(A) 10.5 (B) 14.5 (C) 16.5 (D) 21 (E) Cannot be determined

17. ΔABC has the following vertices: A(1,0), B(5,0), & C(3,4). Which of the following is true? [Combined 3
Banks – 2018]
(A) AB = BC (B) AB = AC (C) CA = CB (D) AD > BC (E) AC <BC

18. In the rectangular coordinate system below, the area of triangle RST is [GMAT-OG-2014: Q-14]

(A) bc/2
(B) b(c-1)/2
(C) c(b-1)/2
(D) a(c-1)/2
(E) c(a-1)/2

Solution: The area of a triangle is 1/2*(base)(height):

(base) = c - 1 (the difference between the x-coordinates of points T and R).
(height) = b (the "height", the y-coordinate, of point S).
Therefore, the area is 1/2*(base)(height) = 1/2*(c - 1)b. [Ans. option B]

19. In the rectangular coordinate system below, the shaded region is bounded by straight lines. Which of
the following is NOT an equation of one of the boundary lines? [GMAT-OG-2014: Q-148]

(A) x = 0
(B) y = 0
(C) x = 1
(D) x - y = 0
(E) x + 2y = 2

x= 0 and y = 0 are both y and x axis respectively so definitely those lines

are there.
x = 1 is the line is parallel to y axis.
Now if we see there is a line which satisfies y = 1 when x = 0 (that is on y axis) and x = 2 when y = 0 (that is on
x axis), so only equation which satisfies both is x + 2y = 2.
Option D is equivalent to x = y, which is the equation of a line passing through the origin with a positive slope
(= 1). Just by looking at the diagram we can say that x = y is not one of the boundary lines. [Ans. option D]

20. In the rectangular coordinate system, the line y = x is the perpendicular bisector of segment AB (not
shown), and the x-axis is the perpendicular bisector of segment BC (not shown). If the coordinates of
point A are (2, 3), what are the coordinates of point C? [GMAT-OG-2015: Q-202]

(A) (-3, -2)

(B) (-3, 2)
(C) (2, -3)
(D) (3, -2)
(E) (2, 3)
Solution: Since the x-axis is the perpendicular bisector of , C is the reflection of B through the x-axis. In any
reflection through the x-axis, the x-coordinate remains the same, and the sign of the y-coordinate changes.
Since the coordinates of B are (3,2), the coordinates of C are therefore (3,–2). [Ans. option D]

21. The graph of which of the following equations is a straight line that is parallel to line l in the figure
above? [GMAT-OG-2018: Q-183]
(A) 3y – 2x = 0
(B) 3y + 2x = 0
(C) 3y + 2x = 6
(D) 2y – 3x = 6
(E) 2y + 3x = -6

Solution: From the graph, line l contains points (–3,0) and (0,2), so the slope of line l is (0-2)/(-3-0) = 2/3.
Any line parallel to line l has slope 2/3.
Re-writing each of the equations given in the answer choices in slope‐intercept form y = mx + b , where m is the
slope and b is the y ‐intercept, to find the equation whose graph is a line with slope 2/3.
For answer choice A, 3y – 2x = 0; so, 3y = 2x and y = (2/3)x.
So, the graph of this equation is a line with slope 2/3. [Ans. option A]

22. In the coordinate system below, which of the following is the equation of line l ?
[GMAT-OG-2018: Q-218]

(A) 2 x − 3y = 6
(B) 2 x + 3y = 6
(C) 3 x + 2y = 6
(D) 2 x − 3y = −6
(E) 3 x − 2y = −6

Solution: Line l passes through points (3,0) and (0,2), so its slope is m = = .
Only option B, when written in y = mx+b form has the slope of -2/3. [Ans. option B]

23. x + y = 0 Ges 2x – y + 3 = 0 mij‡iLv `ywU †Kvb we›`y‡Z †Q` K‡i ? (17 BCS)

(K)   1 , 1  (L) (1, - 1) (M) (-3, 3) (N) (- 1, 1)

 3 3
 TRIGONOMETRY

1. If then find the value of =?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

2. If sinA + sin2A = 1, then the value of the expression (cos2A + cos4A) is –

[Rupali Bank – Officer – 2019 (AF); 5 Bank–Officer – 2018; BB-Officer – 2018; Rupali Off. (Cash) – 2018]
(A) 1 (B) ½ (C) 2 (D) 3 [Ans. A]

3. If 1+sinθ = x cosθ, then tanθ is – [BB-(AD) – 2018]

[Ans. D]

4. If secθ + tanθ = x, then tanθ is –

[BB-Officer – 2019 (AF); Rupali Off.- (Cash)-2018; Sonali–(SO)-2018 (AF)]

5. If sinx = 1, then tan =? [Agrani Bank-SO-Auditor – 2017 (AF)]

(A) 1 (B) 0 (C) 1/√2 (D) infinity

6. If a pole 6 m high casts a shadow 2√3 m long on the ground, then the sun’s elevation is –
[BB-(AD) – 2018; Rupali Bank Off.- (Cash)-2018]
(A) 30° (B) 45° (C) 60° (D) 90°

7. A pole casts a √3m long shadow on the ground at an elevation 60°, the height of the pole is –
[Combined 5 Bank – Officer – 2018 (AF)]
(A) 3 m (B) √3 m (C) 3√3 m (D) 2 m

8. GKwU wgbv‡ii cv`‡`k n‡Z 20 wgUvi `y‡ii GKwU ¯’vb n‡Z wgbviwUi kxl©we›`yi DbœwZ †KvY 30° n‡j wgbviwUi D”PZv KZ ?
(30 BCS)
(K) 20√ wgUvi (L) wgUvi (M) 20 wgUvi (N) 10√ wgUvi
√

9. GKwU evwo 40 dzU DuPy| GKwU gB‡qi Zj‡`k gvwU‡Z evwowUi †`qvj †_‡K 9 dzU `y‡i ivLv Av‡Q| Dc‡i gBwU evwowUi Qv`
Qzu‡q Av‡Q| gBwU KZ dzU j¤^v ? (18 BCS)
(K) 48 dzU (L) 41 dzU (M) 44 dzU (N) 43 dzU

10. GKwU 50 wgUvi j¤^v gB GKwU Lvov †`qv‡ji mv‡_ †njvb w`‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q| gB‡qi GK cÖvšÍ gvwU n‡Z 40 wgUvi D”P
†`qvj‡K ¯úk© K‡i| gB Gi Aci cÖvšÍ n‡Z †`qv‡ji `~iZ¡ (wgUv‡i) (15 BCS)
(K) 10 (L) 30 (M) 20 (N) 25

11. GKwU 48 wgUvi j¤^v LywU †f‡½ wM‡q m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wewQbœ bv n‡q f~wgi mv‡_ 30° †KvY Drcbœ Kij| LywUwU KZ DuPz‡Z †f‡½
wM‡qwQj ? (25 BCS)
(K) 12 wgUvi (L) 16 wgUvi (M) 20 wgUvi (N) 24 wgUvi

12. GKwU 18 wgUvi j¤^v LywU †f‡½ wM‡q m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wewQbœ bv n‡q f~wgi mv‡_ 30° †KvY Drcbœ Kij| LywUwU KZ DuPz‡Z †f‡½
wM‡qwQj ? (14 BCS)
(K) 3 wgUvi (L) 6 wgUvi (M) 9 wgUvi (N) 12 wgUvi

13. 10 wgUvi c«¯’wewkó b`xi Zx‡i Aew¯’Z GKwU UvIqv‡ii D”PZv 10√3 wgUvi n‡j, Aci Zx‡i UvIqv‡ii AebwZ ‡Kvb KZ
wWwM«?