Understanding Research 2nd Edition Neuman Test Bank

Understanding Research 2nd Edition
Neuman Test Bank

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Understanding Research 2nd Edition Neuman Test Bank
Testbank
Chapter 1 Why Do Research?
1.1 Multiple Choice
1) Empirical evidence
A) is data or evidence that can be tied to something that can be seen, touched, smelled, etc.
B) is always easily collected.
C) never needs to be documented.
D) does not need to be collected systematically.
Answer: A
Topic/Concept: On What Basis Do We Make Decisions?
Learning Objective: 1.1: Describe the role of research as one of the foundations of decision
making
Skill Level: Understanding
Difficulty Level: Easy
2) Basic social research increases general knowledge and

A) its usefulness is usually immediately apparent.
B) requires that the researcher purchase expensive equipment.
C) the researchers are activist and interventionist oriented, solving immediate problems.
D) is the source of many new scientific ideas.
Answer: D
making
3) Critical thinking
A) involves superstition and witchcraft.
B) looks at an issue from one viewpoint only.
C) has little to do with research.
D) leads us to uncover hidden assumptions.
Answer: D
Topic/Concept: What Is Empirical Social Research and Why Is it Respected?
Learning Objective: 1.2: Explain why empirical social research is more than gathering
information and the role of critical thinking in the research process
1
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4) Quantitative data collection techniques include all BUT the following:
A) historical comparative research.
B) experiments.
C) surveys.
D) content analyses.
Answer: A
Topic/Concept: What Are the Types of Social Research?
Learning Objective: 1.3: Summarize quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques
5) Which of the following is NOT a major purpose of research?

A) to explore a new issue
B) to find hidden treasure
C) to see if a program works as it should
D) to explain why an event happens in a certain way
Answer: B
6) Quantitative Research experiments

A) are also called survey research.
B) do not follow the logic found in natural science research.
C) require a well-defined research question.
D) have nothing to do with science.
Answer: C
7) This type of data collection typically requires that a researcher closely observes a small group
of people over a length of time.
A) ethnographic field research
B) surveys
C) quantitative data collection
D) historical-comparative research
2
Answer: A
8) Dr. Marsh did an exploratory study on a topic that he thought was very interesting. He spent
hours and hours collecting data and analyzing the data, but when he tried to interpret the data
he didn’t get anywhere— nothing made sense. Which of the following steps in the research
process do you think that Dr. Marsh skipped?
A) informing others
B) designing the study
C) background research
D) selecting a topic
Answer: B
Skill Level: Application
Difficulty Level: Difficult
9) Which of the following studies might be considered explanatory research?

A) Why are some women always late for their annual physical?
B) Do athletes like a specific beverage?
C) Does the anti-smoking policy in Arizona work?
D) When is the best time to implement a new student policy?
Answer: A
Topic/Concept: What Is the Purpose of the Research and How Is It Used?
Learning Objective: 1.4: Examine how the purpose of research depends upon the outcome
that the researcher is trying to accomplish
10) In real life the seven-step research plan often integrates steps, it is nonlinear. What step is the
most important in ensuring that the research topic is narrowed to an appropriate area?
A) informing others
B) designing the study
C) analyzing the data
D) focusing the question
Answer: D
Topic/Concept: What Are the Steps in the Research Process?
Learning Objective: 1.5: List the seven steps in the research process
3
Difficulty Level: Moderate
11) Dr. Richards took his research in a completely new direction, and found himself asking the
“What” question again and again to try to design a second study. His first study was
considered a(n) ________study.
A) explanatory
B) exploratory
C) qualitative
D) scholarly
Answer: B
Skill Level: Analysis
12) A study that is developed to determine whether a new immigration law is effective is
considered what type of study?
A) evaluative
B) descriptive
C) comprehensive
D) exploratory
Answer: A
13) Which of the following is NOT a step in the research process?

A) design study
B) collect data
C) take a course in research
D) interpret data
Answer: C
4
14) Dr. Mottle is interested in studying the Amish migration into the Midwest during the 1900s.
Which of the following would best fit her research?
A) experimental/quantitative research
B) content analysis/quantitative research
C) ethnographic field research/qualitative research
D) historical research/qualitative research
Answer: D
15) Ms. Goldsworth told her professor that she was having a difficult time determining what is
true and how to evaluate data. She actually needs help with
A) critical reasoning.
B) qualitative research.
C) historical research.
D) forming an argument.
Answer: A
16) Dr. Van Offer is a medical doctor with an idea about how to improve his dermatology
patients' care. He would like to perform a study. What type of study should he consider?
A) exploratory
B) descriptive
C) explanatory
D) experimental
Answer: B
17) Dr. Marsh designed a study to determine if the new healthcare guidelines impacted
practitioner procedures. This study is most likely a(n)
A) evaluative study.
B) extractive study.
5
C) exact study.
D) descriptive study.
Answer: A
18) Dr. Van Offer is conducting a survey research study. He will

A) ask people questions in a written format or in an interview format.
B) need thousands of participants.
C) summarize the data in PowerPoint presentations only.
D) need at least 5 assistants to help process the study.
Answer: A
trying to accomplish
19) Two types of research are typically done in the later stage of the learning process. They are
A) explanatory, evaluation.
B) descriptive, explanatory.
C) evaluation, descriptive.
D) exploratory, descriptive.
Answer: A
20) Which of the following definitions DOES NOT fit the word “research”?
A) applying critical thinking and adopting an orientation
B) process of applying accepted techniques and principles
C) gathering preexisting information from academic journals
D) using faulty logic to make choices
Answer: D
6
making
21) Mr. Love, an assistant to Dr. Van Offer, was told that he needed to find empirical evidence.
Which best defines the purpose of empirical evidence?
A) data or evidence that ultimately can be tied to something that can be seen, touched,
smelled, heard, etc.
B) a list of food items
C) unusual work practices
D) evidence that is thrown together with no practical meaning.
Answer: A
22) Explanatory research

A) is compatible with exploratory and descriptive research.
B) identifies sources of social behaviors and beliefs.
C) answers the question “does it work?”
D) has an outcome of practical recommendations.
Answer: B
23) Applied researchers rarely

A) conduct evaluations of data.
B) are recognized as leaders in the field of social research.
C) find anything of significance.
D) worry about building, testing, or connecting findings to a larger theory.
Answer: D
7
24) The purpose of empirical social research is to

A) have a real world application.
B) generate results stated as fixed absolutes.
C) be an ongoing process of accumulating information.
D) be the same as critical thinking.
Answer: C
25) The purpose of descriptive research is to

A) present a generalized picture of a situation.
B) blend together with explanatory research.
C) focus on whether something actually works.
D) be the same as exploratory research.
Answer: B
1.2 True/False
1) An “argument” used in the research context means a set of logically connected statements
that end with a logical conclusion.
Answer: True
making
2) Two different types of research (e.g. descriptive and exploratory) can often blend together in
practice.
8
Answer: True
3) Strong, solid evidence is directly correlated with quantitative research and has nothing to do
with qualitative research.
Answer: False
4) Exploratory research focuses on who and how questions.
Answer: False
5) Empirical evidence involves moral, religious or ideological reasoning.
Answer: False
6) Social research is evidence-based so answers that are derived are static, that is, they never
change.
Answer: False
9
7) Basic research addresses a specific concern or offers solutions to a problem that has been
identified by an employer, club, or some other organization or movement.
Answer: False
8) Applied science researchers often use the results in decision making.
Answer: True
9) In practical application the seven-step research process requires that one must finish one step
before undertaking the next step.
Answer: False
10) The research process is finite—requiring no additional studies or results.
Answer: False
1.3 Short Answer
1) In 2-3 sentences describe the reasoning for critical thinking.
Answer: The value of looking at an issue from more than one view, leads to uncover hidden
assumptions. Single view limits perspective.
10
making
2) The final step in the research process is informing others. In one or two sentences, explain
how that could be done effectively.
Answer: Possible answers include publication, presentation, professional associations, etc.

3) Explanatory research asks the question __________ and evaluation asks ______ .
Answer: Explanatory asks why and evaluation asks does it work.

4) Describe exploratory research. What is its goal?
Answer: examine new area, tend to use qualitative data, goal is to define questions for future
research
5) Who are the primary consumers of basic and applied research?
Answer: other researchers and practitioners (teachers, etc.)

11
6) Briefly describe the difference between qualitative data and quantitative data.
Answer: qualitative words, images; quantitative = numbers

7) Why would it be important to inform others at the end of the research cycle?
Answer: Essential to build generalizable Understanding.

8) Which is more important, the type of data collected or whether the data are trustworthy?
Why?
Answer: Data are trustworthy— invalid data, study may be invalid.

9) Research that utilizes previously collected data organized in a different way to address a
question is considered what type of data collection technique?
Answer: existing statistical sources

10) A medical research study that compares one drug to a new drug to see if the new drug is
more effective is most likely what kind of research? What type of data collecting technique
would be most applicable?
Answer: quantitative, experiments

12
1.4 Fill in the Blank
1) ______is one way of producing knowledge.
Answer: Research
making
2) ______uses an argument as well as critical thinking.
Answer: Social Research

making
3) ______and______are the two forms of evidence in social research.
Answer: Qualitative; quantitative

4) If one were to develop a system of analyzing material in various Country Western lyrics, one
would most aptly be using a(n)______ technique.
Answer: content analysis

5) A research study that is conducted early in the learning process and asks the “What” question
is typically a(n)______study.
Answer: exploratory
13
6) An ongoing process of accumulating information is______research.
Answer: empirical social

7) ______ should be collected carefully and systematically according to generally accepted

rules or standards.
Answer: Empirical evidence

8) The product of research process is______.
Answer: knowledge or information

9) Experimental research is most closely associated with______ data collection techniques.
Answer: quantitative
10) Content analysis, surveys, and experiments are all part of______data collection techniques.
14
11) Exploratory research is typically conducted______in the learning process.
Answer: early
12) _______ are the primary consumers of basic research.
Answer: Researchers
13) Research that addresses a specific concern, like why something continues to happen, is
considered______ research.
Answer: applied
14) Research is an ongoing process, building on______.
Answer: past/present research

15) A(n)______ is a set of logically connected statements that start simple and end with a clear
conclusion that pulls everything together.
15
Answer: argument
1.5 Essay
1) Discuss Basic Research vs. Applied Research—differences and similarities.
Answer: Basic increases fundamental understanding, source of most new and advanced
research techniques, usefulness in the future. Foundation for understanding that advances
understanding. Applied research addresses specific concern, or offers solutions to a problem.
Researchers rarely worry about building, testing, or connecting findings to larger theory.
Most applied research is descriptive or evaluative.
2) Tyler Jenson is a casino investor. He is thinking of building a casino in Iowa where there are
several other successful casinos, but he is unsure about the local attitudes on gambling. He
would like to do a little research on the community’s social and moral attitudes toward
gambling. What is the purpose of this research (exploring, describing, explaining,
evaluating)? Explain your answer.
Answer: describing
3) The textbook offers the examples of teenage sex education abstinence-only education as
programs that really have not done what was intended of the programs. Compare the two
programs, what do they have in common? What is different? What type of research was done
(descriptive, etc)?
Answer: educational based programs, government money, proof that didn’t work
16
Skill Level: Knowledge
4) What was the purpose of including the sex ed. example in the textbook? Are there lessons to
be learned from the example?
Answer: evaluation research

Skill Level: Evaluation
5) Dr. Wells is very interested in the smoking habits of gamblers and has decided to do a field
study where she observes and surveys various gamblers over a period of time. What type of
data collection and research technique do you think that she is using? If Dr. Wells publishes
her study, what types of additional studies might be generated (be creative, think of other
studies that might go well with smokers and gambling)?
Answer: Qualitative data collection technique, ethnographic field research. Other studies
might look at gamblers with lung cancer, smokers with tendencies for other addictions, high
risk behavior, bankruptcy and smokers, etc.
17
Chapter 2 Planning a Study
2.1 Multiple Choice
1) One of the features that a researcher should consider in selecting an appropriate study topic is
A) where he lives.
B) his history.
C) aggregates.
D) cost of obtaining the data.
Answer: C
Topic/Concept: How Do We Select a Topic to Study?
Learning Objective: 2.1: Identify the various sources for topics of a social science study
2) Which of the following topics is an appropriate topic for social research?

A) For what four reasons do first graders like reading Dr. Seuss?
B) Why do I have a headache every Monday morning?
C) Why do my neighbors drive a red car?
D) Why does Dr. Marsh appear to be incompetent?
Answer: A
3) For what reason(s) would a researcher NOT conduct a literature review?

A) It provides examples of research designs, measures, and techniques.
B) It may stimulate curiosity.
C) It presents what is known of the topic.
D) It is more fun to read than a novel.
Answer: D
Topic/Concept: The What, Why, and How of a Literature Review
Learning Objective: 2.2: Analyze sources of research literature
4) Inductive and deductive

A) are two approaches to reasoning in a study method.
B) cannot be used together.
C) reasoning are the same thing.
18
D) refer to quantitative research only.
Answer: A
Topic/Concept: How Do We Focus the Research Question?
Learning Objective: 2.4: Evaluate what makes a good research question using the inductive
and the deductive approaches
5) A causal explanation
A) has no link to time order.
B) has at least ten variables.
C) specifies how the variables are connected.
D) has a null hypothesis involved.
Answer: C
Topic/Concept: How to Design a Study for a Research Proposal
Learning Objective: 2.5: Analyze the various processes involved in designing a study for a
research proposal
6) Which of the following might be considered a type of periodical that a researcher might
consider in a literature search?
A) novels
B) peer-reviewed scholarly journal
C) Facebook page
D) my personal blog
Answer: B
7) Which of the following is NOT true? Scholarly journals

A) are commonly found in college or university libraries.
B) have a reference or bibliography section that lists sources in detail.
C) have peer-reviewed articles within them.
D) are not part of any index location system.
Answer: D
19
8) Mr. Marsh is starting his literature review on the topic of children and tooth decay. He has
found lots and lots of information and now he is really confused as to his next step. What do
you think that he should have done first?
A) design his search
B) locate research reports
C) done peer review
D) refined the topic
Answer: D
9) In a grounded theory explanation a researcher builds the explanation by

A) doing a background check.
B) making comparisons.
C) checking on the internet.
D) finding a common element and ruling it out.
Answer: B
research proposal
10) Which of the following is NOT a part of the Six Step Process of Literature Review?
A) refine the topic
B) read books
C) design your study
D) organize notes, synthesize, and write the review
Answer: A
11) What questions should you ask when taking notes while reading material for your literature
review?
20
A) How many researchers worked on this project?
B) What is the study’s basic design?
C) How long did it take the author to do the research?
D) Which of the researchers designed the experiment or survey?
Answer: B
12) What is not needed for a causal explanation?

A) time order
B) the dependent variable.
C) association
D) the qualitative variable.
Answer: B
research proposal
13) When does a researcher focus the research question when his/her research uses quantitative
data?
A) early in the process
B) proceed slowly and focus on a research question after s/he gathers data
C) once the research is exactly 25 percent complete
D) never
Answer: A
research proposal
14) In the cause-effect statement the cause variable is

A) the independent variable.
B) the dependent variable.
C) the quantitative variable.
D) the qualitative variable.
21
Answer: A
research proposal
15) If a researcher's question is about reasons for an increase in the birth rate in Phoenix, AZ,
then the dependent variable is
A) the birth rate in Phoenix.
B) the reason for increase.
C) the number of babies in the world.
D) twins.
Answer: A
research proposal
16) What question will help identify the independent variable?

A) Do all the researchers agree that the variable is independent?
B) Can the variable stand on its own?
C) Does it come earlier in time?
D) How many variables are there?
Answer: C
research proposal
17) Spuriousness is
A) the dependent variable.
B) the independent variable.
C) the cause of both the independent and dependent variables.
D) something that should be encouraged in all research.
Answer: C
research proposal
22
18) Mr. Love is putting together a reference list, but he is unsure of exactly what he should be
doing. Which of the following are appropriate?
A) He should create his own format style.
B) He should ensure that he is using the correct order of references.
C) All references should start with capital letters and be in reverse alphabetical order.
D) No more than 10 references should ever be listed.
Answer: B
research proposal
19) Qualitative research is NOT

A) usually inductive.
B) causal.
C) usually number-related.
D) used to discover the meaning of a social setting.
Answer: C
Topic/Concept: How Do We Focus the Research Question?
Learning Objective: 2.4: Evaluate what makes a good research question using the inductive
and the deductive approaches
20) Researchers test hypotheses in two ways: a straightforward way and

A) by using the null hypothesis.
B) by using dependent variables.
C) by using qualitative analysis.
D) by taking a nonlinear path.
Answer: A
research proposal
23
21) When a researcher reads a scholarly journal, he or she should
A) ignore anything that might conflict with the researcher’s opinion.
B) only take into account information presented in the article.
C) form a mental image of the article’s topic.
D) read the article only once.
Answer: C
research proposal
22) Which of the following is NOT true for quantitative research?

A) Approach is deductive.
B) Path is linear.
C) Ideas are expressed in the form of district variables.
D) Data is in the form of words and images.
Answer: D
research proposal
23) Practical limitations on study design include

A) having too many research subjects.
B) addressing ethical concerns.
C) lack of personal interest.
D) missing literature to review.
Answer: B
research proposal
24) The unit of analysis

A) may change during the research process.
B) has no meaning in quantitative research.
C) is the same as the level of analysis.
D) is the unit on which a researcher measures variables and gathers data.
24
Answer: D
research proposal
25) Micro level and macro level are terms used in

A) level of analysis.
B) lack of analysis.
C) microscopy.
D) macroscopy
Answer: A
research proposal
2.2 True/False
1) A topic that is appropriate for social research generalizes social patterns that operate in
aggregates and are empirically observable.
Answer: True
2) Mr. Marsh is conducting a research study that he describes as a quantitative study that
describes historical events in a time line. Is his statement that this research is quantitative in
nature most aptly true or false?
Answer: False
research proposal
25
3) Government documents are very rare (often protected by Homeland Security rules), and are
typically not a source that a researcher would use in a literature review.
Answer: False
4) Scholarly journals typically do not require peer review before publishing research.
Answer: False
5) Synthesizing and writing the literature review is the first and easiest step of the literature
review process.
Answer: False
6) Units of analysis are not critical for thinking through a research study.
Answer: False
research proposal
7) An independent variable is the “cause” in a cause-effect study.
Answer: True
research proposal
26
8) Grounded theory has nothing to do with electricity and grounding circuits.
Answer: True
research proposal
9) Qualitative researchers usually examine cases and contexts while quantitative researchers
usually look at variables.
Answer: True
research proposal
10) A study that is deductive starts with evidence and then slowly builds toward generalizations
or summary ideas.
Answer: True
research proposal
2.3 Short Answer
1) Define aggregates in the context of choosing a research topic.
Answer: collection of people or units

2) Dr. Marsh has decided that he would like to study how much time he wastes every day. Is his
research topic acceptable? Why or why not?
Answer: No, it is a single case, not an aggregate.

27
3) Explain empirically observable—what does it mean?
Answer: detect it and observe it using our senses

4) List the two of the five characteristics of a causal explanation.
Answer: at least 2 variables, specifies how the variables are connected, include a time order
assumption, can be restated as a prediction or expected finding, can show that it is supported
or false with empirical data.
research proposal
5) Give two reasons why a researcher conducts a literature review.
Answer: narrow focus, examples of designs, what is known on the topic, examples of
research reports, improve writing skills, stimulate creativity
6) Name three sources for research literature reviews, and their uses.
Answer: periodicals (good start for process), books, government docs, PhD dissertations,
policy reports
7) In a short paragraph, describe an intervening variable.
Answer: appears in complex relations, link between the independent and dependent variable
28
research proposal
8) What is a variable in quantitative research? Give an example.
Answer: a concept that varies

research proposal
9) List two questions that help identify the independent variable.
Answer: Does it have an impact on another variable? Does it come earlier in time?
research proposal
10) What is the difference between a linear path and a nonlinear path in research?
Answer: Quantitative data—usually linear, fixed set of steps in one direction. Qualitative
data—nonlinear, usually moves sideways before moving forward, retraces steps
research proposal
2.4 Fill in the Blank
1) _______ are something in which we see a regularity, structure, or form.
Answer: Patterns
29
2) Most ______ research studies are reported in journals.
Answer: scholarly
3) When two variables appear to be causally connected but in reality, they are not because an
unseen third factor is the true cause, this is called________.
Answer: spuriousness
research proposal
4) Using ______ data, a researcher rearranges, examines, and discusses numbers by using
charts, tables, and statistics to see patterns.
research proposal
5) ______ types of research are more likely to appear in a book format because they are the
results of long complex studies.
Answer: Qualitative
research proposal
6) ______ is usually the first step in the Six Step Process for conducting a literature review.
Answer: Refining the topic

30
7) The______ is the level of reality that a researcher examines.
Answer: level of analysis

research proposal
8) A(n) ______ study starts with a summary idea or an “educated guess” of what a researcher
thinks might occur and then moves toward specific, observable evidence to test or verify the
ideas.
Answer: deductive
research proposal
9) A cause variable is the independent variable, and the result effect variable is a dependent
variable. A third type of variable,______, appears in complex relations and shows a link
between the independent and dependent variables.
Answer: intervening variable

research proposal
10) A(n) ______ is typically causal in nature when used in quantitative research.
Answer: theory
research proposal
31
11) A(n) ______ is a tentative statement of a relationship between two variables.
Answer: hypothesis
research proposal
12) If two variables have no influence over each other and there is not relationship between the
two variables, this is called a(n) ______ hypothesis.
Answer: null
research proposal
13) In general, with quantitative data a researcher follows a(n)______ path.
Answer: linear
research proposal
14) ______research’s main goal is to test the hypothesis that the researcher started with.
Answer: Quantitative
research proposal
15) The______ is the unit on which the researcher measures variables and gathers data.
Answer: unit of analysis

research proposal
32
2.5 Essay
1) Dr. Van Offer asks you to do a literature search on a topic that he is considering for a
research study. He is especially interested in research that has been conducted recently by
Ph.D. candidates. What types of documents would you look for? Where would you look for
them?
Answer: Primarily dissertations found in university library. Discuss with librarian as to other
avenues of search.
2) Discuss peer review and “blind review” process.
Answer: Reviewer does not know the identity of peer reviewers who evaluate the manuscript
and reviewers do not know who conducted the study. Personal relationships don't impact the
review of the manuscripts.
3) Dr. Van Offer is a medical researcher and is very interested in which of two new drugs is
better in treating high blood pressure. He asks 60 men with high blood pressure to join the
experiment and then he assigns each to a group of 30. He gives one group the first drug and
the other group the other drug. What is the independent variable and what is the dependent
variable in this study? Why?
Answer: Drug is independent (it is being manipulated); blood pressure is the variable that is
influenced by the drug taken and is the dependent variable.
research proposal
4) What is a journal abstract and what does it include?
Answer: a summary of the manuscript and includes topic, research question, method, and
findings
33
5) Discuss the 8 questions found in developing a research proposal— what are they and what is
each’s relevance to the proposal?
Answer: When to focus the research question? What universe can be generalized? What type
of research path? What is examined? What patterns are in the data? What type of
explanation? What is the level of analysis? What are the units of analysis?
research proposal
34
Understanding Research 2nd Edition Neuman Test Bank
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Neuman Test Bank

1.1 Multiple Choice

2) Basic social research increases general knowledge and

Visit TestBankDeal.com to get complete for all chapters

5) Which of the following is NOT a major purpose of research?

6) Quantitative Research experiments

9) Which of the following studies might be considered explanatory research?

13) Which of the following is NOT a step in the research process?

18) Dr. Van Offer is conducting a survey research study. He will

22) Explanatory research

23) Applied researchers rarely

24) The purpose of empirical social research is to

25) The purpose of descriptive research is to

4) Exploratory research focuses on who and how questions.

5) Empirical evidence involves moral, religious or ideological reasoning.

8) Applied science researchers often use the results in decision making.

10) The research process is finite—requiring no additional studies or results.

1.3 Short Answer

1) In 2-3 sentences describe the reasoning for critical thinking.

Answer: Possible answers include publication, presentation, professional associations, etc.

Answer: Explanatory asks why and evaluation asks does it work.

4) Describe exploratory research. What is its goal?

5) Who are the primary consumers of basic and applied research?

Answer: other researchers and practitioners (teachers, etc.)

Answer: qualitative words, images; quantitative = numbers

Answer: Essential to build generalizable Understanding.

Answer: Data are trustworthy— invalid data, study may be invalid.

Answer: existing statistical sources

Answer: quantitative, experiments

1) ______is one way of producing knowledge.

2) ______uses an argument as well as critical thinking.

Answer: Social Research

3) ______and______are the two forms of evidence in social research.

Answer: Qualitative; quantitative

Answer: content analysis

6) An ongoing process of accumulating information is______research.

Answer: empirical social

7) ______ should be collected carefully and systematically according to generally accepted

Answer: Empirical evidence

8) The product of research process is______.

Answer: knowledge or information

9) Experimental research is most closely associated with______ data collection techniques.

11) Exploratory research is typically conducted______in the learning process.

12) _______ are the primary consumers of basic research.

14) Research is an ongoing process, building on______.

Answer: past/present research

1) Discuss Basic Research vs. Applied Research—differences and similarities.

Answer: evaluation research

2.1 Multiple Choice

2) Which of the following topics is an appropriate topic for social research?

3) For what reason(s) would a researcher NOT conduct a literature review?

4) Inductive and deductive

7) Which of the following is NOT true? Scholarly journals

9) In a grounded theory explanation a researcher builds the explanation by

12) What is not needed for a causal explanation?

14) In the cause-effect statement the cause variable is

16) What question will help identify the independent variable?

19) Qualitative research is NOT

20) Researchers test hypotheses in two ways: a straightforward way and

3) andare the two forms of evidence in social research.