Topic 1 Handout Cover Page 2023 Term3

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UNSW Business School

School of Accounting, Auditing & Taxation

ACCT2511
Financial Accounting Fundamentals
Topic 1
Record Keeping,
Accounting Information Systems,
and Accounts Receivable

Student Handout

Content:

1. Learning objectives
2. Readings
3. PASS questions
4. Tutorial questions

Website: http://moodle.telt.unsw.edu.au
CRICOS Provider Code 00098G

business.unsw.edu.au
Introduction and Learning Objectives

At the end of this topic, you should:

Part 1: Record Keeping


1. Understand what accounting and record keeping is
2. Be able to identify the users and key elements of an annual report
3. Have an overarching understanding of the key financial statements prepared in
this course

Part 2: Accounting Information Systems

1. Understand how information and communication technology (ICT) can be


useful for accountants
2. Understand why learning about accounting software is important in preparation
to enter the accounting profession

Part 3: Accounts Receivable

1. Understand the principles of recording sales transactions in accordance with


accrual accounting
2. Understand the use of contra accounts for recording of doubtful debts
3. Be able to prepare journal entries related to the management of accounts
receivable, including changing the allowance for doubtful debts and writing
off bad debts, as well as demonstrate the financial statement impacts of
doubtful debts and bad debts
4. Be able to calculate and record trade discounts for early payment of
accounts payable and early receipts of accounts receivable
5. Understand the role of special journals, subsidiary ledgers, and control
accounts within the accounting recording system
6. Be able to record transactions using special journals, subsidiary ledgers, and
control accounts.

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Required Readings

The prescribed textbook for this course is: Trotman, K, Humphreys, K, Clout, V &
Morgan, K (2023). Fundamentals of Accounting and Financial Management 8E.
Cengage Learning Australia. (Henceforth referred to as THCM)

There is a discount code on Moodle if you wish to purchase directly from the publisher (see
“ACCT2511 Course Overview” and scroll down to “Course resources”).

Required reading for this topic:


• Chapter 10
• Chapter 11, sections 11.1- 11.10 (inclusive)

• Useful revision: Chapters 3 & 4

Additional References https://www.aasb.gov.au/

PASS Questions for Topic 1

All from THCM (2023):


• Chapter 11 - Discussion Questions 4, 5, 7, 12
• Problem 11.8
• Problem 11.16

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Tutorial Questions for Topic 1

From THCM (2023):


• Problem 11.6
• Problem 11.12
• Problem 11.15
o Side note for P11.15 – the wording is a bit odd with respect to customer
receipts. For example, when you read that “Milky Way paid an amount owing
of $1100, less $30 discount”, it means that Milky Way owed $1100, but it
received a $30 discount. It therefore didn’t have to pay the full $1100 to clear
the debt. You have to work backwards to calculate the actual cash amount
that was paid to clear the debt i.e., $1100 - $30.

Additional Question
In the last decade companies which utilise a buy-now pay-later type model, such as Afterpay,
have become increasingly popular. Afterpay is known for its "pay later" service that allows
customers who are either in-store or online to purchase a product immediately, and then repay
that amount in four fortnightly instalments over 6 weeks. While these repayments are interest-
free, late fees are accrued if the repayments are late. Afterpay also charges a fee to the retailer
companies that use its services (a flat fee of 30 cents plus a commission ranging from 4-6%
on all sales made via the platform).
Required:
1. Imagine that Carrington Ltd is a company that sells stand-up desks online. Customers
can purchase desks with cash, or use credit directly from Carrington according to its
credit sales terms. Carrington Ltd has had a policy of allowing the customers who
purchased on credit to repay the amount owing within 60 days from the date of
purchase. It has also utilised an allowance for doubtful debts account in relation to
these credit sales.

On 1 July 2021 Carrington Ltd stops offering its own credit sales terms to customers,
and instead relies exclusively on the services of Afterpay. There is a positive accounts
receivable balance at the beginning of the financial year (01/07/21), related to credit
sales in the previous financial year.
What will be the impact of switching to the use of Afterpay on the income statement
and balance sheet for the year ended 30 June 2022?

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