Module 1 Stresses - Strain
Module 1 Stresses - Strain
Module 1 Stresses - Strain
98t0427440
jeyanthi. Subramanian guit.ac.in
Cabin - NABL AB2-201
mechanics of solids is the same as
SOM Strength of materials
Elastic constants
Poissons ratio
Relation blu elastic constants
Thermal stresses
Styain
-
energy
loading
- ->
Tensile
loading
-> <
compressive
-
CG:centre
of gravity
->
shear AxiS
-
- -
=
6
m - I ->
/Normal stress
LinitMPa
or N/mm2
I cshear stress) pl
W
single shear
Zav=
=F
# A
double shear
Zav = p'
A
2=
=
design aspect
Bearing Stress
stress at circumference
1 , thickness
0x =
= >diameter
a
Problem 1 W
is
stress
directly &area of link
->
Given:P=45KN &5x103N
=
!
A1 45x20
= 900mm
=
OA
= a=sowimm2
=
=Sompa
120-1
Az 20
=
(75 -40) 700mm2
=
A -10N
-BB =
= 64.28
=
Nimm 64.28
= Me
92
92) a
Single rived used
is to
join
two
plates as shown, diameter
if of is rivet
20 mut and load is P=30KN,whatisang
shearing stress developed in rivet
·
ep
1 x=95.29
-> 2 =
Ma
=
93)
"rets
rivets
- because
->
6c 6b =
=
1 P
2E xd dia
=
2 x td
-
↳
thickness of plate
t 16mm
=
6
=
a
+
. = 60N/mm2
It
Strain = change in length
orignal length
measure
of stiffness of mater, al
20107/23 10:58 AM Fri Week 1
NUTS
NDT -
_
->
ER
Brinell, nickers:diamond
slope
=
YM= =
For ductive material
-y offsetmethod
for brittle material no XS.
only UTS
i) simply supported
is CanteliwarT
beam
i) Fixed edge beam
↓ -> B
in Fixed
->
on one side
i)
CSB M
Manwell Reciprocal theorem something
-
applying load atA, what
is
deflection I atB
B
applying load at,
~
what deflection 6 atA
a
is
(This
class was taken
by a TA)
31/07/23 MON 8:57AM Weekh
len
change
Strain E
=
in
orignal length
stress o = P
E
Youngs modulus E
*
=
**
82 1
=
AE
stress diagram
strain helps calculate
youngs modules, elastic behavior of
the material
E 2. 1x
=
105N/M2 True ruptureI
scress
F
ultimate stress
C
Upper Yeild Stress
Loweryeildpt G rupture
·
B
-> ·
At
Limit
Elastic ..
D ·
E
Proportional
Limit
Elinear-
Yulding - K-x-x
Strain
region Necking
hardening
etation plastic
region
-
·
low carbon steel not
is ductile umaterial
·
is
stress proportional to limit
elastic
weeking deformation the
arrar It is -Break
of
DA-1
&1) Draw the diagram for mild stell,
stress strain ~
Formula for %
elongation
f.EL =
(t) 100 f
x
%.RA=
(EAr) x100
in
-
E
6 EE
=
Al 11,
=
S12
+
+ 81s
T-]
-
22
↳3
L Esu
if
if Ediff=PI,a ES]
-submitin teams
Intorial Ques Submit before nektclass i.e
before tomorrow
1cm
10cm:
Slide 30-32
12mm 1.22
=
1004:
Im
->
gauge len=60mm-e
Final len:80mm-L
Final did=Tmm -
d
Yeild load= 3.4KN
6.1KN
ultimate load=
orignal area of
rod A=
ED= 1 15:113.09 mm
rod
final area of a
Ed 38.48mm2
= =
i) yeild stress-
Wild
load are
Bamm2
=
MPa
=
30.06 Nmm2 or
area
orig
-
-38.48x100 65.97%
-
in)%EL:in orig =
60 =8 25%
= =
Problem
a) E=
See
0.00105 105X18
2
strain:
1 =
mm = =
stress:
a a -diameter
706.8mm2
area of 1D2 1
rod=
&
=
130)2=
stress-
o =212.22 N/mm2
202.11 x103
=
E =
Nmm2
b) stress elastic
at limit
load atelastic limet=250KN
Stress- 103 353.706 N/mm2
04 =
EL
-%
(2%) 100
-20x100 x100 200%.
=
=
x
= =
enterse
on
%RA=(E-Ar) x100
-397.607
=
x10
1c 10mm
(2.2552
=
↓
*
397.607
=
43.74%
0.1374=
Given
Problem Load 35000N
=
E 2. IX105 MPa
=
same material
throughout
A,
4p2 314.15mm241 200mm
=
=
=
Az = 706.85mm2 12 250mm
=
As:1963.49mm2 13:220mm
Al 11,
=
S12
+
+ 81s
T-]
-
a) -
01 35000=111.4 mpa
1
=
/14. IS
62 = 1
35 49.51 Ma
=
A2
6z
A *g=17.82 Me
= -
=
b) total Intension
of Bar
=0.1837mm
means it wort
--
--
stipside
ways
or ball
E1 2.1X105 Nmm2
=
Ez 7x10N/mm2
=
Al = 0.25mm
Al 2500mm2
=
A210000
=
mm2
P =?
if Ediff=PI,a ES]
f 1L
=
P[2*2.IN05
0.25
-00xxor]
t 380 AE
=
SL= 11
0.25 =
PX1.114x10-6 AE
↓
-
dosent maller-
224.4 kN
problem
3 Given
1 2 P 160kN
=
62 =
150N/mm2
3
RE
=
2
=
* 1 0.2
=
E 2.
=
1x105N/mm2
- >
Tensile
8[*++ ]
0.2 =
02 150N/mm2
=
1
=
A
D2
16000 =
150 =
108:
D-2 36.85 mm
As bD2 z x 36.852
=
1066.5mm2
=
As 2 827-13mm2
=
2
2827.13 mm2
As 1 D
= =
21240
100 -
12 ↳3 =
122) 2827.322
-60
- +
2827.93x1066.5
05X2827.43x10665 1066.5x400) =
-
1066.522
160000 2827.4L2
+
191556.69 =
1066.5x400 1760.9322
+
426600
-9566e
=
-
222 ze
-
04/08/23 Fri 10:50AM Week 2
* one dus guaranteed
Principle of
Superposition:When a no loads
of
acting on a body the resulting strain will be
ihe algebraic sum of strains caused by
the individual loads
Problem 9
Problem
&
·N
B L
# D
10kN
80 E
C -> -
20kN
-
50 1m
600mm N
1.2m
1 2 S
↳
- -
↳
- -
-> 10
jt- 0 50
->
-
1
-
->
30
W-3 -
-
~
-
0 since bar
->
Area is
cross sectional
bar
->
tot area 1000mm2
=
which
6 621- 52z-SLs
=
given
is
811=Pe E
fx,
=
AE
50,000x600
=
0.285
=
- -
1000X 1,05x105
822
12 x2895
=
=
0.285
=
823
13 1088 . e
=
= =
0.285-0.285-0.112 6L
=
:. 82 0.11
=
rod=25mm2
Problem
Esteel 200GPA
=
=
200x109 Pa
100
1000 I
-
s-
< ->
-
500 Too -
so
3
1 -
->
800
150
so
SL=
E +
-
A (P111-P22z P32)
+
=
x
-
3
25x200x10 =-.0
3
S
-
o 004X 10
53 -x8%%3+
-
x
5e
25x200X103
=0.01 -0.024 0.004
I
m
m 10X 183 -um
0.010
-
=-
mm -
-
-
10 x 10-6m =
-10um
07108/23 MON 8:59Am Week
Bars of Sections
COMPOSITE
↑
Formula
The
Here we
equating strains of The outer
hollow rod we winner rod
Total load, P =
Piube +Prod
Erod=
EtExube
problem
Problem 10
> rod
->
diad=3u 30mm =
Esteet 2. 1x105N/mm2
=
Ecu = 1. IX 10 N/mm2
5
tube dia Dex= 5u
=
50mm
tube dia Din=Run 10mm =
stress in Bar o
bar
stress in tube
o
tube
Pbar, p load
Al
· bar=lad area
Id =706.858mm2
=
area
Road Py=
AzE2
=
58x2:1x105X45000
706.858x2:103 706.858x1.1x105
+
=29531. 25N
-
P2
A Ez 54.68.75N
-
-
area
(502-12)
=
or
E E ·Steel
⑤ E -5325
=
= =
E, =
E2 11,778
=
N/mm2
t -z e
Ocu=68
E,=Be
AzE2 = 2 1.883 N/mm2
=E aS Al=A 2
P, 1.9P2
=
This method
-> is
faster
The top takes
one
more
Problem
&steel 0.625
=
Asterl=0.306 mm2
beam rigid
Ebrass 26x10"N/m2
=
86 x109x10-8N/mm2
=
21 =
22 since 2 brass wire
PzL
Pp+ Ps
-
2
=
Prot
A zE2
1 Steel
-
os
E
=
2 -> brass
AzE2
Pi
#E ↑
AzEz
= =
P, 0.608P2
=
= 0.306X210x10X &50
0.306x210x10-3 +1.227X86X103
P1+2P2 Prot =
0.608PT2P2 Prot =
2.60842 P =
P2 172.546
8
=
=
or 100.9
P1 0.608 x
=
172.586 10SN
=
1
- 343.13
0s= =
As =
3 3.13MN/m2
Nim
brass- =110.62
~
=
= 140.62MN/m2
09108/23 werd 9:50tm Weck3 -
There is A lotof
engineering behind footbal
what is it?Why it has patches
natural frequency
&
if natural frequency speed obse
pse
the
(freq match) then it
(bridges evit
Problem
area, A 2500mm2
=
Es 2x105
=
Nmm2
Ac= 1600mm2 Ec / x 105Nimm2
=
21 =
22 2Pc PS P
+ =
2Pc Ps:370,000N
=
+
zE2 A
-
A, El+AzEz
P1 115,625,0
=
-
2500x2x105x370,000
-
3 X
wrong
approach
I decrease
length of
in steel rod is
equal to decrease length
in
of a rod
strain:
stess
/
I
= Ak
5x150
=
-
Ec
Both equate
30
os
%5
/
=
5- 0s I
=
-5 1.282=
2P Ps 370,000
+
=
d
load:
stress X area
stress-
20Ac + -s As 370,000
=
2so
6
=
6c 59.677N/mm2
=
65 = 1.2-
1.2X 54.677
=
·s 2 - 1.612 N/mm2
~613
14108/23 Mon 9Am Week 4
RATIO
POISSON'S
plateral
lateral
train cost
=
near
A
un
ansys after choosing material need to input
E and
-
poissons
a
ralo
i or u
modulus
=G of rigidity
BULK MODULUS
k direct stress
strain
=
-
↑
voumetric
VOLUMETRIC STRAIN
Er Ar-> volume
change in
=[6 6y+62]
=
- +
3(m-2) 3(1 -
2n)
blu
Relation Young'smodulus and G
m.E E
G =
=
2Cm+1) 2( I M)
+
Problem 14
1 300mm
=
B 10mm
=
H 10mm
=
p 200kN
=
Dl=0.075m 0.75mm =
DB 0.03mm
=
E= - 33.3
↑0
~stress-load
Strettain
->
- =
area
strain 25x105
At:
=
Ewrong
E
33%
=
approach
3
-
13333.6
=
E written
lateral
aftermstrau↑
be
4
Poissons ratio Strain rig ht 2.5X/0
=
i=
cincar strain approach
!=
-
-
3.334
stress-
strain:
E E 1-20mQues
E Stress
=
Strain
.oxa 20
** 18xE
I
!--- *
-
-
=
-
0.75 ---
Problem 15
↑ 300,000N
=
2 200mm
=
B 50mm =
H 20mm
=
E 2 X
=
105 N/mm2
v 0.25
=
Problem 16
1 300mm
=
B
= 100mm
H 20mm
=
A front
= 1000 mm
2
A zop=
30000mm
Question write
5 examples each of Horizontal
loading, vertical loading, and putt
in all dir
Morizontal verlical mined
-
0 0.25 =
4XIOON
PE
XLateral Strain
=
Linear Strain
linear strain:
Lateral strain:
Db
5 I
volumetricStrain=DU
-
= 106
1.25 x mmS
1
==
6y =
160 Nimm2
50X250
-y
=== BON/mm2
B
8 160 N(mm2
-
2 =
=
=
100X2J0
dv
I E
=
[8n+0y+02] [1-2m]
↳ because force is in
-
qV 2x10
=
downward dir
dr 2x10 - x
=
1.25x16 250
=
du 250 mm
=
RELATION
B/W E, N&G
E I 1 +M
-
2G
RELATION BIW E, K, G
E
=
Area Gtmm2
=
P >OOON
=
Dl= 7.9985mm
k =
modulus of
->
Answer There
*G =
rigidity
1 1985:
Al lateral strain = =
0.9998/25
G 0X10S Nmm2
=
↳teril -
ve
- -
cinear
-
18/08/23 Fri10:53AM Muck &
THERMAL STRAIN
X
24
a(DT1>
=
↓ change in temp
Thermal Coeff of
strain Thermal expansion
actual expansion f)
actual strain=
x
-
orignal length
actual stress
x8xE
=
100u= Im
3 X-2m
Problem 20 30mm
=
=
706.858mm2
XT 95 30 650
=
-
=
E 2x105
=
MN/m2
E 2x= 105 x 106 N/m2 im 100mm 1000mm
=
=
11
F 2X 103 N/mm2 1cm 1Omm
=
0 Ex(DT)
=
=
156 N/mm2
when ends
yeild
8
OT
- xE
=
8 0.12u= 1.2mm
=
x65x5000 1.2
2x105
-
12x10
=
-
x
5 oot
108
=
N/mm2
19/08/23 SAT 9:02AM Week &
STRAIN ENERGY
*re
Bolt tightening inside a tube
Bolt woul experience compressive
treads
Belt would get tensile
↓reall
und
cover
jacks
e A
C Chape Clamp
&->torque
e
-
Tensile
what overtightening?
if
what
is reaction then?
*
distribute
strul
I
reason:to
/
&
I
Tensile
Ill
-> - equals
E
t
-
,
-
>
k
O
- - -
I
-
↳// I
***
-I
Al
-↓ -
-/
-I
Modulus of Resilience
Resience represents ability of material to absorb energy
energy
within range
Crash box:
energy storage