Research Paper Humss 201 Chapter 1 and 2
Research Paper Humss 201 Chapter 1 and 2
Research Paper Humss 201 Chapter 1 and 2
Self Esteem And Self Efficacy and Its Effect on the Academic Performance of
Senior High Students
A Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of Madapdap Rest. Senior High School
Arcega, Mariel D.
Dabu, Lj Ann D.
Valencia, Maricris A.
Leodones, James R.
Jimenez, Gorvachieve A.
October 2022
Approval sheet
This research paper entitled “Self Esteem And Self Efficacy and Its Effect on
Arcega, Mariel, Soliman, Jenny Rose, Dabu, Lj Ann, Ho, Kreasha Camille, Valencia,
______________________
Date Signed
Table of Contents
Front Page………………………………………………………………………………..
…1
Approval sheet……………………………………………………………………….
Table of contents………………………………………………………….…..………
Abstract………………………………………………………………………….……
Chapter I
Introduction……………………………………………………………………….
Conceptual Framework……….…………………………………………………
Definition of Terms…………………………………….………………………..….
Chapter 2
Research Design……………………………………………………………………..
Instrument………………………………………………………………………….
Ethical Considerations……………………………………………………………..
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
Trends
It has been found in several studies that among the important factors affecting
motivation are self esteem and self efficacy. It is believed that higher self-efficacy and
self-esteem results in higher level of motivation in the students. self-esteem and self-
efficacy of student are crucial right now since the face to face classes started.
People with high levels of self-efficacy put in a lot of effort and keep going
after failures. High self-efficacy enables people to respond less defensively when they
get critical feedback in a dynamic work environment where continuing learning and
performance improvement are required. Zajacova et al. (2005), indicated that students
with high self-efficacy study most advanced fields. It helps in selection of special
work, and they find out effective ways to control difficulties in achieving their goals.
While students with low self-efficacy will discontinue, they are unable to remove
tasks and at work place. Self value may strengthen the learners’ relationship with the
facilitator. This implies that the students may benefit more from the teacher due to the
free atmosphere. It also reduces problems like; truancy, absenteeism, drug and
substance abuse and teenage pregnancies that are known to cause poor performances.
Character building emanate from self-esteem. Students with self-esteem are able to
Issues
efficacy affects students’ academic efforts and persistence. Compared with students
with low levels of academic self-efficacy, students with high levels of academic self-
efficacy commit to higher goals and academic expectations, have stronger resistance to
that academic and social problems are the result of con- tingent, unstable, or fragile
self-esteem, rather than low engage in activities that provide opportunities for them to
achieve success and avoid failure in domains on which they stake their self-worth.
related concept of self–efficacy was the root of the weakening of education standards
and an obstacle in learning. The motivation was defined as an inner condition that
guides and upholds behavior, and it was inevitable that a strong correlation is present
Objective
This study aims to seek data regarding the effects of self-efficacy and self-
esteem in academic performance of senior high school students and to understand the
Contribution
By the information compiled here, it can be basis for factual information and
details for having a knowledge and insight how the self-efficacy and self esteem
affects the students academic performance. This study is vital right now for students,
The study by D'Amico and Cardaci (2003), they pointed out that if student
performance is successful in the setting of the classroom, some students may feel good
about themselves and such positive self-esteem will induce them to believe that their
that the course in which the achievement was measured is functioning as a moderator
or positive depending on how one evaluates their worth .The value that one attaches to
self leads to the level of self-esteem that they have. As a result, this level of self-esteem
can influence ones performance of tasks in various situations in life. Positive self-
esteem implies that, comparing ones value to others, the individuals find themselves
superior. This can lead to behaviors like arrogance, selfishness and difficult in coping
Ahmad, Zeb, Ullah, and Ali, (2013), stated in their study "Relationship
in the students' learning results. The results demonstrate that whenever there is present
positive self-esteem within students, they have a high level of academic performance.
In addition. Ahmad, Zeb, Ullah, and Ali (2013), reported in their study
the main factors in the students' learning results. The results demonstrate that whenever
there is present positive self-esteem within students, they have a high level of academic
performance.
Ogot (2017), showed his study found that students' academic performance is
strong connection between academic success and self-esteem. Students with high self-
Vohs, (2003) claimed that the modest correlations between self-esteem and school
performance do not indicate that high self-esteem leads to good performance. Instead,
high self-esteem is partly the result of good school performance. Efforts to boost the
self-esteem of pupils have not been shown to improve academic performance and may
sometimes be counterproductive.
The results of the data analyses displayed that emotional intelligence and self-esteem
from multiple regression analysis revealed that clearly the subjective independent
variables did not predict objective measure of the students’ academic performance.
then academic success will increase. The study concluded that there was a positive
was weak.
Chemers, and Garcia, (2001), confirmed that students who have high self-
efficacy view academic demands as challenges rather than threats, and they have
higher academic expectations and do better academically than students who have low
self-efficacy.
The study of Lodewyk and Winnie (2005), showed that students who have a
challenging tasks more willingly, to apply more effort, to persevere longer despite
obstacles, to experience less anxiety, to use more effective tactics and strategies, to
effectively.
self-efficacy scale intended for high school students in the Philippines. The study
affects their behavior at school. The study identified the connection of the variables
through the use of the revised self-efficacy scale which measures the skills of every
student from private and public schools in Nueva Ecija. The findings manifested that
with students with low levels of academic self-efficacy, students with high levels of
difficulties.
with the student's perceived capabilities in relation to the tasks that a student is required
to execute in the academic sphere. As a result, the pupils have the willpower to learn
students with high and low self-efficacy might differ in their response to negative
feedback on a later assessment; high self-efficacy students may cope better, while low
increase, their independence and intrinsic motivation translate into greater success in
the classroom. “In order for students to maintain a high level of self-efficacy, they need
to believe that they are equipped with the skills and talents for a specific task. Also,
Chen (2003), found that “self-efficacy played a direct role in predicting students’ math
and private schools show a positive but not significant relationship found between
negative self-males and females with their academic performance. Self – efficacy is the
self that any tasks given could be accomplished through a person's capabilities.
have turned into an essential subject in education, given its impacts on students'
Furthermore, Lane, Lane, and Kyprianou (2004), studied the relations between
performance in 205 postgraduate students. The correlation results revealed that there
pointed out to their study that self-esteem has a significant impact on academic
academic engagement and what internal mechanism drives this relationship. Self-
efficacy theory posits that academic self-efficacy is a motivational factor that can
Maropamabi (2014), stated that pupils with high levels of self-efficacy and self-
esteem are more likely to perform well in school. Worldwide Self-Esteem and the Self-
efficacy and self-esteem were assessed using general self-efficacy scales, respectively.
Yazon (2018), explained in his study how having a high level and low level of
self-efficacy can affect the academic performance of college students. The study
academic performance of high level and low level of respondents. The outcome of the
study states that there is no significant difference between the students’ grades and self-
efficacy. The study concluded that a student must be able to know the level of his self-
Moreover, it is suggested that the school personnel and parents monitor and provide the
needed support and guidance to their children while searching for their identities. Also,
devise additional programs for their students' proper guidance and make progress on
the learning activities and teaching-learning plan to maximize their learning experience
In view of the existing literature and studies, the researchers are determine to
Conceptual Framework
This study used the Input Process Output (IPO) Model. This framework has a
invokes the IPO model. The researcher constructed the figure 1 to demonstrate the
connection between the variables in the study. The conceptual frame work consists of
three dimensions: input, process and output. Input lead to process that in turn to lead to
outcomes.
includes the data gathering of the study such as creating questioners in a form of
and interpretation. The output box denotes the study’s findings in determining the
school students.
This study will clarify the effects of the self-esteem and self-efficacy of the
1.Level of self-
esteem of the
respondent.
2. Level of self-
efficacy of the
respondents.
between: respondents
performance. interpretation.
and academic
performance.
Figure 1
The major concern of the study is to assess the Self Esteem and Self Efficacy
and its Effect on the Academic Performance of Senior High School Students for the
Hypothesis
The results of the study will help the school heads, teachers, parents, students
and future researchers to continue work for a better understanding regarding the effects
School heads. The major functions of the school head are planning, organizing,
controlling, and directing. To be effective in running the school, this study will serve
as overview and provides awareness of the contemplation of the effects of self esteem
and self efficacy toward students , as well as to sustain their respective role and to
Teachers. It is necessary to say that not all teachers are aware of what are the
factors that affect the academic performances of students. So through this study, it will
give an awareness to the teachers regarding the effects of self-efficacy and self-esteem
here can be a basis for factual information and details for having a vast knowledge and
insight on how the self-efficacy and self-esteem affects the students academic
performance.
Parents. The outcome of this research may be useful and helpful to parents.
They will be able to recognize their children's actions or behaviors and effectively
Students. This study may serve as guide reference and spread awareness about
the self-esteem and self-efficacy and how it affects their academic performance.
instrument that will guide and navigate them in discovering credible, reliable, and
tantamount factors that are known as indispensable data for further understanding on
the topic. Indeed, this research is going to be their basis or reference that they will
The major concern of the study is to assess the self-esteem and self-efficacy and
their effects on the academic performance of senior high school students for the school
year 2020–2023. The respondents are the senior high school students, particularly
Grade 12.
accordance with their capability to respond to the survey. Participants' identities will be
kept private; neither their names nor any other details about them will be disclosed as
part of the research. The study was conducted at Madapdap Resettlement Senior High
student respondents, and the significance of the relationship between the self-esteem
Definition of Terms
dictionary). In this study, it refers to the as one of the variable that determine the failure
particular way and the feeling of wanting to do something, especially something that
involves hard work and effort (Oxford dictionary). In this particular study, it refers as
one of the variable that determines the motivation of students towards their desired
control over their own activities (Oxford dictionary). It refers as one of the variables in
the study that will helps to determine the effect of self-efficacy towards academic
performance of students.
Self-esteem. This is about belief and confidence in your own ability and value
(Oxford dictionary). In this particular study, it refers as one of the variable that helps
CHAPTER 2
statistical treatment.
Research Design
This study will utilize quantitative research design. Bhandari (2022), defined
data. It can be used to find patterns and averages, make predictions, test causal
research design will be use. It is descriptive because this study aims to give an
the relationship between variables, whether positive or negative, their cause and effects
and that the coefficient is what of correlation establishes the degree of correlation.
method is used in research studies that aim to provide static pictures of situations as
well as establish the relationship between different variables. In this research, the
consideration that the main focus of the study is to determine the effect of self- esteem
(2000), descriptive-correlational studies are useful for describing now one phenomenon
is related to another in situations where the researcher has no control over the
independent variables, the variables that are believed to cause or influence the
Moreover, the descriptive will be utilized in this study to present the impact of
the self-esteem and self efficacy on the academic performance of the students. The
Respondents
High School to be the respondent of the study. A total of one hundred thirty five (135)
students will be selected as the respondents. The respondents will be taken particularly
from the strand (39) ABM , (59) HUMSS, and (37) STEM . The researches utilized the
Slovin formula to determine the sample size. Since the population is manageable, total
Target populations are selected from different strand so that the researchers can
gather respondents that will provide the best information fit for this study. The
surveys. The target population's elements are divided into distinct groups or strata
where within each stratum the elements are similar to each other with respect to select
characteristics of importance to the survey. The researcher will utilize this sampling in
order to gather relevant and accurate data from different respondents . Table 1 shows
the summary and distribution of the population and the respondent of the study.
Table 1
ABM 59 39
HUMSS 89 59
STEM 55 37
Instrument
This study will utilize a survey questionnaire to measure the self-esteem and
self-efficacy of senior high school students and to determine the role of self-efficacy
internally consistent and coherent data for analysis. The designed questionnaire must
meet the research objectives. The target group is Madapdap Resettlement Senior high
school students.
10 items, such as (1) level of self-esteem, (2) level of self-efficacy (3) academic
ABM, with different students in Senior high school. The item can be answered using
the five-point likert scale, where a questionnaire was designed containing the following
Part 1. Self-Esteem
In measuring the level of the effect of the self esteem of the respondent on their
neutral = 3 disagree = 2, and strongly disagree = 1. The sum of the scores for the ten
items yields a self-esteem score where the higher the score, the higher the self-esteem
academic performance, the scale consists of 5 items all with pre-given answer
disagree = 1 ). Participants will be ask to rate on a 1 to 5 scale how well they believe
The researcher present a consent letter to the head teacher to conduct the study
respondent will also sent to their social media before the distribution of the
questionnaire. Following that, the researcher will explain the importance of their
response to the study. After which, they will be oriented regarding the procedure of the
survey questionnaire. Clarification of some terms will be done so that the respondents
can answer the questionnaire with full knowledge of their responsibility as the subject
of the study.
The researcher will distribute the survey questionnaire via available platforms,
messenger or email using Google forms to the 135 respondents. The link of the
validated question will be disseminate to the respondents. Then, researcher will collect
all the data gather in survey, analyzed and will identify the differences and similarities
interpret, analyze, process and examined using proper statistical method the gathered
Ethical Consideration
result, those who were identified and qualified based on the criteria provided were
asked for their explicit consent via available platform. Confidentiality was also
addressed, and respondents were assured that all information would be kept secret. The
study's findings will only be utilized for academic purposes. Before disseminating the
questionnaires, the researcher will get informed consent from the student respondents.
The obtained data will be tallied, tabulated and computed following the
The statistical measures below will be used to analyze and interpret the
gathered data.
3 Moderate Neutral
5 90 – 100 Outstanding
4 85 – 89 Very Satisfactory
3 80 – 84 Satisfactory
2 75 – 79 Fairly Satisfactory
4. Pearson r, This tool will be used to established the relationship between the
self-esteem and academic performance. Additionally, the self esteem and academic
performance.
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Appendix A
Dear Ma’am:
we grade 12, HUMSS 201 students of the Humanities and Social Sciences currently
conducting a study entitled Self Esteem and Self Efficacy and Its Effect on the
We hope for your positive response on this humble matter. Your approval to
Respectfully yours,
GORVACHIEVE JIMENEZ
Researchers
JEFFREY R. YUMANG
Thesis Adviser
Approved:
Appendix B
Research Instrument
how much you agree or disagree with each statement, mark the number that best
esteem.
4. My self-esteem helps to be more
active participating in the class.
5. My self-esteem motivates me to
do academic works.
6. I feel that i have a number of
good qualities related to my
academic works
7. I am able to do projects and
assignments as well as others.
8. When I receive a low grade on
an assignment or quiz, I am very
disappointed in myself.
abilities.
responsibility in schoolworks,
necessary.
III. Scale of Self-Esteem and Self Efficacy of Students and Its Effects on their
academic Performance