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    Anatomy and Physiology of Acute Gastroenteritis

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    Mariah Alexis Encina
    The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and accessory organs. The alimentary canal transports food through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines where nutrients are absorbed. The stomach aids digestion through secretion of acids and enzymes that break down food into a liquid called chyme. Various viruses and bacteria can infect the stomach lining and disrupt normal digestion. Common symptoms of gastric infections include vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness.

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    Anatomy and Physiology of Acute Gastroenteritis

    Uploaded by

    Mariah Alexis Encina
    24 views4 pages
    The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and accessory organs. The alimentary canal transports food through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines where nutrients are absorbed. The stomach aids digestion through secretion of acids and enzymes that break down food into a liquid called chyme. Various viruses and bacteria can infect the stomach lining and disrupt normal digestion. Common symptoms of gastric infections include vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness.

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    46316362-Anatomy-and-Physiology-of-Acute-Gastroenteritis

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    The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and accessory organs. The alimentary canal transports food through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines where nutrients are absorbed. The stomach aids digestion through secretion of acids and enzymes that break down food into a liquid called chyme. Various viruses and bacteria can infect the stomach lining and disrupt normal digestion. Common symptoms of gastric infections include vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views4 pages

    Anatomy and Physiology of Acute Gastroenteritis

    Uploaded by

    Mariah Alexis Encina
    The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and accessory organs. The alimentary canal transports food through the mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines where nutrients are absorbed. The stomach aids digestion through secretion of acids and enzymes that break down food into a liquid called chyme. Various viruses and bacteria can infect the stomach lining and disrupt normal digestion. Common symptoms of gastric infections include vomiting, diarrhea, and weakness.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
    The digestive system consists of two linked parts: the alimentary canal and the accessory
    digestive organs. The alimentary canal is essentially a tube, some 9 meters (30 feet) long, that
    extends from the mouth to anus, with its longest section- the intestines- packed into the
    abdominal cavity. The lining of the alimentary canal is continuous with the skin, so technically
    its cavity lies outside the body. The alimentary µtube¶ consist of linked organs that each play
    their own part in digestion: mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large
    intestine. The accessory digestive organs consist of the teeth and tongue in the mouth; and the
    salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, which are all linked by ducts to the alimentary
    canal.

    STOMACH
    It is a J- shaped enlargement of the GI tract directly under the diaphragm in the epigastric,
    umbilical and left hypochondriac regions of the abdomen. When empty, it is about the size of a
    large sausage; the mucosa lies in large folds, called RUGAE. Approximately 10 inches long but
    the diameter depends on how much food it contains. When full, it can hold about 4 L ( 1
    galloon) of food. Parts of the stomach includes
    cardiac region
    which is defined as a position near the heart surrounds the cardioesophageal sphincter through
    which food enters the stomach from the esophagus;
    fundus
    which is the expanded part of the stomach lateral to the cardia region;
    body
    is the mid portion; and the
    V 
    a funnel shaped which is the terminal part of the stomach. The pylorus is continuous with the
    small intestine through the pyloric sphincter, or valve.With the gastric glands lined with several
    secreting cells the zymogenic (peptic) cells secrete the principal gastric enzyme precursor,
    pepsinogen. The parietal (oxyntic) cells produce hydrochloric acid, involved in conversion of
    pepsinogen to the active enzyme pepsin, and intrinsic factor, involved in the absorption of
    Vitamin B12 for the red blood cell production. Mucous cells secrete mucus. Secretions of the
    zymogenic, parietal and mucus cells are collectively called the gastric juice. Enteroendocrine
    cells secrete stomach gastrin, a hormone that stimulates secretion of hydrochloric acid and
    pepsinogen, contracts the lower esophageal sphincter, mildly increases motility of the GI tract,
    and relaxes the pyloricsphincter. Most digestive activity occurs in the pyloric region of the
    stomach. After food has been processed in the stomach, it resembles heavy cream and is called
    CHYME. The chyme enters the small intestine through the pyloric sphincter.

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