Section A

Text 1

Refer to the webpage (Text 1) for Questions 1 -4.

1 The headline of the web page is Adoption and_. Orphan care - The �hoice is up
to you! What effect is this intended to have on· t�e. �eaqer? . . . . . ,
,· .. l

.... ' ................ . . . ....... .......................... :. .....,,_. ..·..·�· .... :. ..... : .....................
·: . . ..
'
.
.: . ·. ..
· '

························································································· ··············
' ·........
........................................................... :·..... · ..-:_: ...._.... .....·......... [1]

2 Refer to the statement 'There are approximately 143,000,000 orphans in the

world'. Suggest a reason why the statistics is in bold.

..................... .................. ..... : .......................................·········...... [1]

3 Refer to the table under the heading of Why Adoption? and the information
presented under it.
How does the information presented make it clear to the reader that adoption
is a serious decision?

..................................................................................................... .....

• • • • • • • 4' . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

......... ............... ............... ..................... ......·................................. [2]

4 Look at the logo on the bottom left of the web page. How does the log o
support the idea of adoption?

.........................................................................................................
········································································································
................................................................................................... (11

2
Text2

A 'family has just moved into another house and they are unpacking and exploring
the new place. Read the passage and answer Questions 5 - 14.

1 The garden was another place that was supposed to be. wonderful. Tnere
were going to be benches and a table and a swing: There. 1/'fere. go_ing to
be goalposts on one of the walls by the house. There was going-to·be a
pond with fish and frogs in it. Bufthere was none of that. There were just
nettles and thistles and weeds and half-bricks and lumps of ·stone. I 5
glared at this dump and kicked the heads off a million dandelions.·

2 After a while, Mum shouted to ask if I were coming in for lunch and -I said,
'No, I am staying out in the garden.' She brought me a sandwich and a
can of coke. 'Sorry it's so rotten and we're all in such rotten moods,' she
said. She touched my arm. 'You understand, though. Don't you, Michael? 10
Don't you?' I shrugged. 'Yes,' I said. She touched me again and,sighed,
'It'll be great again when everything's sorted out.' :

3 I ate the sandwich and finished the coke, waited a minute, then went
down to the garage again. The timbers holding the roof were rotten and it
was sagging in. There was mortar that had fallen from the walls. The 15
place stank of rot and dust. Even the bricks were crumbling like they
could not bear the weight anymore.

4 It was like the whole thing was sick of itself and would collapse in a heap
and have to get bulldozed away. I heard something scratching in one of
the corners and something scuttling about; then it all stopped and it was ·20
dead quiet in there.

5 I did not have time to dare myself or to stand there listening to the
scratching. I switched the torchlight on, took a deep breath, and tiptoed
straight inside. Something little and black scuttled across the floor. The
door creaked and cracked for a moment before it was still. -25

6 I tiptoed further in and felt spiderwebs breaking on my brow. Everything

was packed in tight - ancient furniture, kitchen units, rolled-up. carpets,
pipes and crates and planks. I kept ducking down under the hoses-and
ropes and duffel bags that hung from the roof. There was dust clogging
my throat and nose. The floor was broken and crumbly. I opened-a 30
cupboard an inch, shined the flashlight in. and saw a million wood lice
scattering away.
..
7 There were ancient newspapers and magazines. I peered closer and .saw
that it came from nearly fifty years ago. They'd be yelling for me soon and
I'd better get out. I leaned across a heap of tea chests and shined the 35
flashlight into the space behind and that's when I saw him.

8 I thouqht he was dead. He was sittinQ with his legs stretched out and his
 head tipped back against the wall. He was covered in dust and webs like
everything else and his pale skin was stretched tight against:his- face like
a death mask. The flashlight wavered on his bloodless face _and black 40
suit. 'What do you want?' he said. His voice rasped like he hadn ! t used it
in years. He opened his eyes and looked at me. I was caught in his gaze,
trapped.

9 My heart thudded and thundered. ··1 said, what do you want?. "That· raspy
growl again. What do you say to a corpse-like vagabond you find in your 45
own garage questioning you? Before I could think of an answer, I heard
them yelling for me from the house. 'Michael! Michael! Michael!' I
wrenched my eyes away and shuffled out. I backed out through the door.
It was Dad.
 Section B

Refer to Text 2 for Questions 5-14.

5 Paragraph 1 begins with 'The garden was another place that was supposed
to be wonderful'.

With close attention to the word in bold, what does it suggest about Michael's
opinion of the garden?

................................................................................................... [1]

6 In paragraph 1 'I glared at this dump and kicked the heads off a million
dandelions' (lines 5 - 6).

(i) Identify the expression in the given sentence which suggest

A violent action .............................................................................. [1]

(ii) What can we tell about Michael's feeling at this point of time?

..............·························.............................................................(1)

7 How did Michael's mother show that she was sorry for how Michael felt about
the new home and garden?

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [2]

8 In paragraph 3, the writer describes the garage vividly. Explain how the
description shows that it may not be safe to enter the garage. [2]

State of the �araae Possible danaer

'timbers holding the roof were

rotten and it was sagging in'

'bricks were crumbling•

9 At the beginning of paragraph 4, the writer says 'It was like the whole thing
was sick of itself and have to get bulldozed away.'

( i) Which phrase sugg ests that the garage is a person?

................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Why does the writer describe the garage in this way?

· · · · · · ·· · · · · ······ · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · ······ · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· · · ·· · · · · ······ ··· · · · ·· · ··· ··

................................................................................................... [1]

10 From paragraph 4, what are the signs that showed that there are living
creatures inside the garage?

········· ...............·················· ..........................................··· ······ .......(1)

11 In paragraph 5, 'The door creaked and cracked for a moment before it was
still.' (Line 24 - 25)

Suggest another word or phrase with the same meaning to replace 'still' in this
sentence.

........................ ......... ...... ............... ........................ ...... ............... [1]

12 In paragraph 6, Michael entered the garage. Explain how the description of

the garage shows that nobody had been inside for a long time.

Support your idea with three details from paragraph 6.

................................................................................................... [3]
13 Michael used the phrase 'corpse-like' {line 45} to describe the man he found.
in the garage.

Is this description valid? Give two pieces of evidence to support your answer.

.................................................................................................... [2]

14 The structure of the text reflects the main feelings of Michael as he decides to
enter the garage and explore it. Complete the flow chart by choosing one
word from the box to summarise the main feeling described in each part of the
text. There are some extra words in the box you do not need to use.

Michael's feelings

trepidation shock sulky boredom curiosity fear

Flow chart

I Paragraphs 3- 5: (i) ......................................

I Paragraphs 6 - 7: OQ ....................•.••••••..•..... · I

Paragraph 8: (iii) ..........................................

Paragraph 9: (iv) ......................................... .

[4]
Text3

The article below is on the harvesting of argan oil in Morocco. Read it ·carefully and
answer Questions 15 -20.
1 The road from Marrakesh to Essaouira is craggy and bleak, an arid
moonscape dotted only by a few roadside towns and the occasional
Berber village. In the '60s and '?Os, Essaouira was a stop on the way
to Marrakesh; load up your magic bus and head west for the windswept
beaches and clear blue waters of this former Portuguese fishing 5
village. Essaouira still has remnants of its bohemian past surfers come
to lap up the waves in what is now one of the world's top windsurfing
and kiteboarding spots; and a dilapidated fort, is just south of town.

2 In recent years, well-heeled Europeans have started to flee the more

touristy Marrakesh for Essaouira. There, they stay in luxurious 10
townhouses in the old city. The town has also developed a vibrant
cultural life. The real treasure in Essaouira, however, is argan oil, made
from the nuts of the argan tree, which grows almost exclusively in this
region.
3 Approaching Essaouira's sandy-colored walls, passing the olive groves 15
and grazing donkeys, you see signs announcing women-run argan
cooperatives: Argan Co-Op, Women's Argan Collective, Miracle Oil.
And so on. If you pull over to a cooperative, the Berber women - and
it Is only women who make argan oil - will often invite you in to watch
them work. In most of the cooperatives, the older village women sit in 20
the courtyard and work as the younger bilingual girls walk you around,
giving a tutorial about the process.
4 The nuts, which look like a cross between a walnut and an almond, are
picked out of the fruit of the squat, gnarled argan trees that dot the
yellow hills above Essaouira. Depending on the season, there might be 25
goats up in the branches, munching on the fruit. The nuts destined for
salad oil are roasted on an open flame over a large steel drum, like
chestnuts, which brings out their distinctive peppery flavor; those that
will be used for skin- and hair-care products are left raw.
5 The women first crack the shells with sharp stones. They then .place 30
the kernel� between two Flintstone-size slabs of rock, grinding them
into a brown paste, which resembles chunky peanut butter. The paste,
kneaded by hand to extract the oil, transforms into a solid hunk and is
sent to nearby factories, mainly in Agadir, where more oil is extracted
by a press. Some are made into soaps, creams and shampoos, but it is 35
the pure oil that is most sought after.
6 Liz Earle, who runs an organic skin-care line in England, uses argan oil
that she buys from two of the cooperatives in Essaouira in her
Superskin Concentrate. "When I first found argan oil, I brought it back
to the U.K. to have it analysed," savs Earle, who forages the globe for 40
 raw ingredients. "It was so remark�bly high in vitamin E and had these
very interesting phytosterols, which are good for scar tissue and so
many other things" - including, she says, that hard-to-define problem .
of lacklustre skin.

7 Because the extraction of argan oil is a labor-intensive task perfected 45

by the Berber women native to the area (it takes a few days to produce
one litre), the government has established a fund for the cooperatives.
Outside groups, like the government of Monaco, have gotten involved
as backers. Women from the villages nearby are invited to work half
days (so they can still tend to their families) in exchange for fair wages 50
and good working conditions. Eventually, the cooperatives should pay
for themselves. Unesco has designated the 1 0,0O0�square-mHe argan-
growing region as a biosphere reserve.
.. '� ·.

Adapted from New York Time Magazine

 Section C

Refer to Text 3 for Questions 15- 20.

15 Pick out one phrase from paragraph 1 that has the same meaning as dry and
desert-like.

........................ ............................................................... ............ [1]

16 (i) How has the tourists' perspective of Essaouira changed, according to

paragraphs 1 and 2?

Previous

Now

[2]
(ii) What attract Europeans to the town of Essaouira other than the luxurious
townhouses? Answer in your own words .

................................................................................................... [1]

17 Here is part of a conversation between two students, Trudi and Simon, who
have read the article.

So, the women

runs the co-op No, without help
independently from the
without help. government, the
co-op cannot be
sustained.

Simon Trudi
 (i) Identify two pieces _of evidence from paragraph 3 that Simon can give
to support his view.

.... , ............................................................. , ................................ [2]

(ii) How would Trudi explain her position with reference to lines 45 - 47?

........................................................................................................
..................................................................... .............................. [1]

18 What are the two advantages of having a backer to support the cooperatives?

................................................................................................... [2]

19 'Eventually, the cooperatives should pay for themselves' {line 51 - 52) With
reference to the italicised word, explain the current situation of the
cooperatives

........................................................................................................
................................................................................................... [1]

20 Using your own words as far as possible, summarise how argan oil is
produced and the benefits of using the oil.

Use only information from paragraphs 4 to 6.

Your summary must be in continuous writing (not note form). It must not be
longer than 80 words (not counting the words given to help you begin.

After the nuts are harvested, those meant for consumption will....: ............. .