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WORK IMMERSION

PORTFOLIO

(Based on DepEd order No. 30 s 2017)

This belongs to:

Quennie Heart Failana

Grade: 12 Section : MAGSAYSAY

HUMSS

2020-2021

WORK IMMERSION
GRADE:
12
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STRAND:
HUMSS

COURSE DESCRIPTION :

Work Immersion refers to the subject of the Senior High School Curriculum,
which involves hands-on experience or work simulation in which learners can
apply their competencies and acquired knowledge relevant to their track. One of
the goals of the K to 12 Basic Education Program is to develop in learners the
competencies, work ethic, and values relevant to pursuing further education
and/or joining the world of work. To achieve greater congruence between basic
education and the nation’s development targets, Work Immersion, a required
subject, has been incorporated into the curriculum. This subject will provide
learners with opportunities:
● to become familiar with the work place;
● for employment simulation; and
● to apply their competencies in areas of specialization/applied subjects in
authentic work environments.
To achieve the above objectives, Work Immersion is thus a requirement for
graduation from secondary education. Learners are immersed in actual work
environments such as workshops offices and laboratories in which their prior
training is relevant.
These guidelines were formulated based on the rich experiences of modeling
schools, tech-voc schools, partnership focal persons, industry partners, and
youth development advocates. These guidelines can provide process support to
field offices of the Department of Education (DepEd) in fostering relationships
and strengthening partnerships so that learners will have access to suitable work
immersion venues and other related resource.

SOCIAL ISSUES/PROBLEMS
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Social problems are an integral part of

social life. The term 'social problem'
refers to social conditions, processes and
attitudes that are commonly perceived to
be negative and undesirable (Jamrozik et
al. 1998). A social problem is something
that threatens the values of society such
as law and order, social cohesion and the
stability of social institutions, it is any
condition or behavior that has negative
consequences for large numbers of
people and that is generally recognized
as a condition or behavior that needs to
be addressed. A social issue is a
problem that influences many citizens
within a society. It is a group of common
problem in present-day society and one
that many people strive to solve. It is
often the consequence of factors
extending beyond an individual's control.
Social issues have plagued the life of too
many people. Many times you may have noticed that a lot of things in the society
which doesn’t seem good. For instance, you must have noticed poor children
begging on the streets. They don’t go to school. They have been forced to beg
for a living. Such circumstances along with others which affect the population at
large are social issues. . The social problem most likely effects more than one
group of people. Most problems bring upon havoc or cause lack of cooperation in
solving the problem. Social problems also prevent groups from growing and
improving, thus making the problem worse.

Philippines nowadays face different social issues that eventually trigger the
country’s economy and development. Recently I saw on television and read in
newspapers and internet outraged the conscience of mankind about the current
situation of our country and it’s very alarming.Here are some issues that were
facing right now;

~ Covid-19 Pandemic ~
A coronavirus is a kind of common
virus that causes an infection in
your nose, sinuses, or upper throat.
Most coronaviruses aren't
dangerous. COVID-19 is a disease
caused by SARS-CoV-2 that can
trigger what doctors call a
respiratory tract infection. It can
affect your upper respiratory tract
(sinuses, nose, and throat) or lower
respiratory tract (windpipe and
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lungs). It spreads the same way other coronaviruses do, mainly through person-
to-person contact. Infections range from mild to deadly. This virus is spreading
exponentially region wise. Countries are banning gatherings of people to the
spread and break the exponential curve. Many countries are locking their
population and enforcing strict quarantine to control the spread of the havoc of
this highly communicable disease.

COVID-19 has rapidly affected our day to day life, businesses, disrupted the
world trade and movements. Identification of the disease at an early stage is vital
to control the spread of the virus because it very rapidly spreads from person to
person. Most of the countries have slowed down their manufacturing of the
products. The various industries and sectors are affected by the cause of this
disease; these include the pharmaceuticals industry, solar power sector, tourism,
Information and electronics industry. This virus creates significant knock-on
effects on the daily life of citizens, as well as about the global economy. The
COVID-19 pandemic is severely challenging the Philippines, it put millions of
people worldwide out of work, this has had a particular impact on young people.
Changed the lives of many, it affects thousands of peoples, who are either sick or
are being killed due to the spread of this disease.

This COVID-19 affects the sources of supply and effects the global economy.
There are restrictions of travelling from one country to another country. During
travelling, numbers of cases are identified positive when tested, especially when
they are taking international visits. All governments, health organisations and
other authorities are continuously focussing on identifying the cases affected by
the COVID-19. Healthcare professional face lot of difficulties in maintaining the
quality of healthcare in these days.

While we may not wish to acknowledge it, uncertainty is a natural and

unavoidable part of life. Very little about our lives is constant or totally certain,
and while we have control over many things, we can’t control everything that
happens to us. As the coronavirus outbreak has shown, life can change very
quickly and very unpredictably. You may have suddenly become sick, lost your
job, or found yourself struggling to put food on the table or keep your family safe.
You may be anxious about when the pandemic will end or if life will ever return to
normal.

Much about life is uncertain at the moment—and many things remain outside of
your control. But while you can’t control the spread of a virus, the recovery of the
economy, or whether you’ll have a pay check next week, you’re not totally
powerless. Whatever your fears or personal circumstances, instead of worrying
about the uncontrollable, try to refocus your mind on taking action over the
aspects that are within your control. By focusing on the aspects of a problem that
you can control in this way, you’ll switch from ineffective worrying and ruminating
into active problem-solving. Of course, all circumstances are different and you
may find that in some situations all you can control is your attitude and emotional
response.
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~ POVERTY ~

Poverty in the PhilippinesThe Philippines has a fairly high poverty rate with more
than 16% of the population living below the poverty line. Because of the many
people reliant on agriculture for an income and inequality in wealth distribution,
about 17.6 million Filipinos struggle to afford basic necessities. From 2015 to
2020, the rate of poverty declined from 21.6% to 16.6%. Philippine President
Rodrigo Duterte aims to reduce the rate of poverty to 14% by 2022. Through its
strategy, AmBisyon 2040, the Philippine government plans to eradicate extreme
poverty by 2040. Furthermore, the government has implemented various
programs and reforms to reduce poverty by targeting education, healthcare and
the overall economy. Here are five ways the program is combating poverty in the
Philippines.

Combating Poverty in the Philippines

Greater Access to Education: A factor of systemic poverty is a lack of

access to education in impoverished areas. People gain basic skills and
increased job opportunities through education, which can help to combat poverty
in the Philippines. Therefore, the Philippines signed the Universal Access to
Quality Tertiary Education Act in 2017 to encourage more people to enroll in
higher education and to address the issue of education inequality. The
government subsidizes the cost of tuition for State Universities and Colleges
(SUCs) students as well as other expenses such as school supplies. Private
institutions also have access to a tuition subsidy. The Act aims to decrease the
number of dropouts in higher education and promote the idea that higher
education is available to all.

Greater Access to Healthcare: In an effort to improve the healthcare

system, President Duterte signed the Universal Healthcare Act in February 2019.
The UHC Act provides access to the full spectrum of healthcare by enrolling
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citizens in the National Insurance Program and granting health coverage to all.
While healthcare is not completely free, those in poverty will have more access to
health services. To ensure the effectiveness of healthcare, the Act will form the
Health Technology and Assessment Council (HTAC). The Council will consist of
health experts who will assess health developments, such as technology,
vaccines and other advancements

Family Aid: To further efforts to support citizens, the government implemented

the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) in 2007. The 4Ps is is a
conditional cash transfer program for impoverished households. The program
gives households grants so long as they meet certain requirements, including
keeping the children in school, having regular health check-ups and having
parents or guardians attend Family Development Sessions. The 4Ps program
benefits about 20 million Filipinos, 9 million of whom are children. Therefore, the
program reaches about 20% of the population with the goal of greater poverty
reduction.

Economic Improvement: With the goal of reducing poverty by

strengthening economics, President Duterte signed the Rice Tariffication Law in
February 2019, amending the Agricultural Tariffication Act of 1996. The Law
places a 35% tariff on imported rice with the goal of prioritizing local rice
production for the population by stabilizing the supply. The tariff also aims to
benefit local farmers by creating a more efficient and competitive agricultural
system.

Build, Build, Build: Additionally, the Duterte administration created the

“Build, Build, Build” infrastructure plan in 2017. The initial goal of the program
was to complete 75 projects, but Duterte revised the plan to instead target
finishing 100 projects. Some projects include new public transportation and
airport renovations. The government has put about 34% of the projects into
action and is expecting to complete 56% by 2022. By 2019, the government had
completed two of the initial 75 projects. With support from loans, the Philippines
will rely on Build, Build, Build as a strategy to aid the country in recovering from
the COVID-19 pandemic. The government’s hope is that combatting the effects
of the pandemic by improving the country’s infrastructure will stimulate the

economy and create more jobs. However, the program has received criticism due
to its slow execution as a result of underspending.
Unfortunately, poverty is expected to increase in the Philippines because of the
coronavirus crisis. This will lead to a decrease in consumption growth and further
income losses. Therefore, greater efforts are necessary to combat poverty in the
Philippines amid the pandemic, which has hit the impoverished the hardest.

~ War on drugs ~
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Thousands of people
in the Philippines have
been killed since
President Rodrigo
Duterte launched his
“war on drugs” on
June 30, 2016, the day
he took office. Among
those who died have
been dozens of
children under age 18
who were either
specifically targeted or
were inadvertently
shot during anti-drug
raids, what authorities
have called “collateral damage.” Philippine children’s rights nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs) put the total number of child fatalities at 101 from July
2016 through December 2018, both targeted and killed as bystanders. More
deaths of children have been reported in the media in 2019 and 2020. The
harmful consequences for children of Duterte’s anti-drug campaign go beyond
the immediate violence of the raids. Many suffer psychological distress after
witnessing the killing of a loved one. Some children have had to leave their
homes and community, either going into hiding or relocating because they and
their family members feared for their lives

The Philippine government’s “drug war” killings intensified during the Covid-19
pandemic in 2020, as did unnecessary arrests during lockdowns, Human Rights
Watch said today in its World Report 2021. Attacks by the police, military, and
unidentified gunmen on leftist activists, community and Indigenous leaders,
human rights defenders, and journalists also increased during the year. The
rights situation in the Philippines worsened during the pandemic, as the
government imposed strict lockdown measures that resulted in the arrest and
incarceration of tens of thousands of Filipinos, in conditions that greatly
increased their health risk. In the early days of the lockdown, police subjected
curfew violators – including children – to abusive treatment. “Drug war” killings in
the Philippines in 2020 increased by more than 50 percent during the early
months of the pandemic. The police reported in November that since Rodrigo
Duterte became president, nearly 8,000 alleged drug suspects had been killed
during police operations. In June, the United Nations Office of the High
Commissioner for Human Rights validated many of these killings. Domestic
human rights groups and the governmental Commission on Human Rights
believe the actual toll is triple that figure.

Philippine rights monitors reported in 2020 that more than 160 political activists
had been killed since Duterte became president in 2016. A number of the victims
had earlier been “red-tagged” or red-baited by the Philippine military, the police,
and local anti-communist groups. Among those targeted for “red-tagging” were
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celebrities who expressed support for groups that the government accused of
having communist links.
Human Rights Watch believes governments should ensure respect for human
rights in their policies and practices on the use, possession, production, and
distribution of drugs. We oppose the criminalization of the personal use of drugs
and the possession of drugs for personal use. To deter, prevent, and remedy the
harmful use of drugs, governments should rely on non-penal regulatory and
public health approaches that do not violate human rights.

Human Rights Watch calls on the Philippine government to end its abusive anti-
drug campaign and investigate and prosecute those responsible for killings and
other human rights violations. The families of victims of unlawful killings by
government officials and their agents should be promptly and fairly compensated
for their loss. Government agencies should address the dire needs of children
whose breadwinner has been killed, especially those living in impoverished
communities across the Philippines where the killings typically take place, and
ensure the government adopts measures to protect affected children from abuse.

~ Unemployment ~
Unemployment is a term
referring to individuals
who are employable and
actively seeking a job but
are unable to find a job.
Included in this group are
those people in the
workforce who are
working but do not have
an appropriate job.
Usually measured by the
unemployment rate, which
is dividing the number of
unemployed people by the
total number of people in
the workforce,
unemployment serves as one of the indicators of a country’s economic
status.Unemployment is caused by various reasons that come from both the
demand side, or employer, and the supply side, or the worker. Demand-side
reductions may be caused by high interest rates, global recession, and financial
crisis. From the supply side, frictional unemployment and structural employment
play a great role.
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The unemployment rate in the Philippines surged to 8.7 percent in the March
quarter of 2021 from 5.3 percent in the same quarter a year earlier, amid the
downturn caused by the coronavirus crisis. The number of unemployed persons
jumped by 1.56 thousand to 3.95 million, while the number of employed dropped

by 1.3 thousand to 41.25 million. Meanwhile, the labor force participation rate
was down to 60.5 in the first quarter from 61.7 the prior year. Among employed
persons, workers in the services sector made up 57.2 percent of the total,
followed by those in the agriculture sector (24.4 percent) and industry (18.4
percent). For full 2020, the jobless rate surged to 10.3 percent from 5.1 percent
in 2019, reflecting the economic fallout due to the pandemic.

The impact of unemployment can be felt by both the workers and the national
economy and can cause a ripple effect. Unemployment causes workers to suffer
financial hardship that impacts families, relationships, and communities. When it
happens, consumer spending, which is one of an economy’s key drivers of
growth, goes down, leading to a recession or even a depression when left
unaddressed. Unemployment results in reduced demand, consumption, and
buying power, which in turn causes lower profits for businesses and leads to
budget cuts and workforce reductions. It creates a cycle that goes on and on that
is difficult to reverse without some type of intervention.

Having sustained economic growth is another way for the government to address
the problem of unemployment. When there is economic growth, employers will
be more willing and able to employ more workers. This helps to address the
issue of unemployment.
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New job opportunities have accompanied economic growth in the Philippines, but
unemployment remains relatively elevated, compared to elsewhere in the region,
while chronic underemployment and static wage growth have seen the number of
working poor expand in recent years. The government is addressing these
challenges through investments in education and health, such as a conditional
cash transfer programme and senior high school reforms. However, wage growth
remains stubbornly slow, representing one of the most significant challenges
facing the country’s labour market. Indeed, gains in productivity have easily
outpaced real wage growth, which has stagnated over the previous decade.

~ Freedom of Media ~

A strong, independent media ensures transparency and helps reduce

maladministration. Freedom of expression protects the rights of reporters,
bloggers and news outlets – and the general public – to speak critically. The
Philippines, officially, does not have prior restraint regulations that prevent
journalists from publishing. Pretty much anything goes, which is why the
Philippine press has been classified as free, rambunctious even. Filipino
journalists struggled quite a lot, particularly during the Ferdinand Marcos
dictatorship, when many paid with their lives to make sure the press stayed that
way.
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So Filipino journalists are free to say even the darndest things. The problem is
what happens after: Over the years, many have faced criminal libel suits or have
been murdered. The Philippines has often led the world in the most journalists
killed in a particular year.

Court cases against Filipino journalists are not new. Libel remains a criminal
offence in the Philippines. A number of reporters have spent time in prison
merely for publishing. But coupled with the physical, violent attacks against
Filipino journalists, legal cases such as those Rappler faces are a new weapon
against press freedom in the Philippines.In the meantime, Filipino journalists will
confront this heightened threat with the same determination and courage they
showed when they fought the Marcos dictatorship.

Red tagging, or red baiting, are actions which publicly link individuals to the
Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP), the New People’s Army (NPA) or the
National Democratic Front (NDF). Some who are red tagged, are not accused of
membership in the CPP-NPA-NDF but links with what the military calls “front
organizations”. Worst, the military would sometimes subject suspected “reds” to
trumped-up charges, among them illegal possession of firearms. Red tagging
has become one of the perils confronting journalists who report on issues and
concerns that officials would rather keep secret. It is now seen as a
consequence of truth-telling. It is often used to discredit journalists who report on
the concerns of peasant or indigenous communities, usually violations of their
human rights perpetrated by uniformed men. The pattern of accusation usually
targets activists or those working with the alternative media and the community
press.

Press freedom in the Philippines further suffered a hit during the coronavirus
pandemic, with more restrictive measures against media entities through
intimidation, surveillance, and other tactics, a report said. This comes alongside
the tagging of reporters and activists critical of the government as members of
the communist New People's Army (NPA). One of the steps was to add
bureaucracy to the proceedings of free movement of the press in the middle of
the pandemic by requiring reporters to secure identification that would allow them
to pass through security checkpoints. Additionally, responses to Freedom of
Information requests were delayed during
the pandemic.

~ Teenage
Pregnancy ~
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Teenage pregnancy is defined as a teenage girl, usually within the ages

of 13-19, becoming pregnant. The term in everyday speech usually refers
to girls who have not reached legal adulthood, which varies across the
world, who become pregnant. Teen pregnancy is a health issue that has
an effect on all of us. A child having a baby as a teenager is more likely
to face critical social issues like poverty, poor education, risky behaviors
that lead to poor health issues, and child welfare. Teenage pregnancy, also
known as adolescent pregnancy, is pregnancy in a female under the age of 20.
Pregnancy can occur with sexual intercourse after the start of ovulation, which
can be before the first menstrual period (menarche) but usually occurs after the
onset of periods.

Early Pregnancy is one of the problems in today’s society. Many teenagers today
don’t know how big responsibility to raise a child when they are young too.
Becoming a parent is a big responsibility that should give priority, but how can
teenagers can handle this big responsibility if she was too young too? To raise a
child involves a lot of patient and sacrifices which lot teens don’t have. The risk of
pregnancy among teenagers is largely increasing.

One of the major causes of teen pregnancy is absence of affectionate

supervision from parents or guardians. In the current society, parents are either
too busy or too permissive. Apart from the provision of basic needs, parents and
guardians are not involved in emotional stability of the girl child.Teenagers,
especially girls go through intriguing situations and changes in which they need
parental support to understand and accept the changes. In case they lack this
affectionate supervision from their parents, they seek answers from boyfriends
who “seem” to be giving the affection and attention that ends up with a
pregnancy.

Another major cause of teenage pregnancy is peer pressure. As children grow to

teenage hood, there is increased pressure to fit into certain peer groups. The
peers may then push the girl into having sex in order to fit well in their group. In
addition to this, the modern society allows the teenagers to have a lot of time and
space with the opposite sex on their own, which results to instances of
pregnancy at teenage hood.

Other factors key to this concept is sexual abuse as well as the use of drugs and
alcohol. Teenagers are exposed to alcohol and drugs making them lose control
over their sexuality when drunk thus leading to pregnancies. Sexual abuse on the
other hand occurs when the girls go for sex for pleasure without understanding
the sexual impact. It is also evident when an adult sexually victimizes a teenage
girl or a minor (Health Care Veda Ezine 1).

Lack of sex education in schools to teenage girls has also contributed to

increased teen pregnancy. This is because it leads to the indulgent in sexual
activities without understanding the possible effects. It is therefore important to
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let girls understand issues surrounding sex and their sexuality as well as the
possible impacts.

Teenage pregnancy often has a negative impact on a teen's future. Teen

mothers are less likely to graduate from high school and to attend college, are
more likely to live in poverty, and are at risk of domestic violence.

Children of teen parents also are more likely to have health and learning
impairment conditions and are more likely to be neglected or abused. Girls born
to teen parents are more likely to experience teenage pregnancy themselves.

If your teen decides to continue the pregnancy, address these challenges head-
on. Discuss goals and how your teen might go about achieving them as a parent.
Look for programs to help pregnant teens remain in school or complete
coursework from home. Encourage your teen to take parenting classes and help
your teen prepare to financially support and raise a child.

Remember, your love and support can help your teen deal with pregnancy and
the challenges ahead.

Conclusion:
There are many social issues that affect our country day in and day out. Many
individuals see these dilemmas very differently offering u various solutions to fix
them and even various proposals as why they occur. However, because of the
unpredictability in the frequency and the method of these social issues/
problems, they cannot be eradicated and therefore they must try to simply be
contained. The only way to improve these situations, let alone solve them, is to
keep trying and keep listening to what everyone, not just the ones who agree
with us, have to say. In such a case, it may be concluded that social issues are
problems which affect the individuals lives. Social issues are usually concerned
as derived from human factors and thus, social issues cannot be eliminated, the
only approach can be to solve most of them as much as possible. Social
problems are hard to solve. They seem to be ingrained in the complex web of
unwanted state intervention, reckless forms of individual behaviour and economic
factors. Social problems have no commonly accepted forms of definition, but they
all have common factors that relate to them.

REFERENCES:
https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/01/13/philippines-drug-war-killings-rise-during-
pandemic

https://psa.gov.ph/statistics/survey/labor-and-employment/labor-force-survey
https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/knowledge/economics/
unemployment/
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https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/12/06/new-weapon-against-press-freedom-
philippines
https://plan-international.org/philippines/covid-19-response-philippines
https:// www.webmd.com/lung/coronavirus
http://europepmc.org/article/MED/32292804
https://ivypanda.com/essays/teenage-pregnancy-4/

https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/tween-and-teen-health/in-depth/teen-
pregnancy/art-20048124
https://www.helpguide.org/articles/anxiety/dealing-with-uncertainty.htm

https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/05/27/our-happy-family-gone/impact-war-drugs-
children-philippines

https://www.pcij.org/article/4009/state-of-media-freedom-in-ph-2