BEAM

DIAGRAMS &
FORMULAS
For Various Static Loading Conditions
 L/
W
L/ 1. Simple
Beam-
2 2

𝑾𝑳
R B=
𝑾𝑳
Uniformly
Distributed Load
RA =
𝟐 𝟐

𝑾𝑳
𝟐 1°
V 𝑾𝑳
V.D
.
R= V=
V 𝟐
𝑾𝑳
-
𝟐
𝑾𝑳𝟐
Mmax Mmax(center) =
𝟖
2°
𝟓𝑾𝑳𝟒
M.D.
△Mmax(center)=
(deflection) 𝟑𝟖𝟒𝑬𝑰
 2. Simple
W

Beam- Load
R
Increasing
Uniformly to
R
L/ L/
2 2

2°
Center
V
V.D 𝑾𝑳
. R= V=
V 𝟒
Mmax 𝑾𝑳𝟐
Mmax(center) =
3°
𝟏𝟐
𝑾𝑳𝟒
M.D. △Mmax(center)=
𝟏𝟐𝟎𝑬𝑰
 P
3. Simple
Beam-
Concentrated
R R
L/ L/
2 2

0°
Load at Center
V
V.D
𝑷
. R= V=
V
𝟐
Mmax 𝑷𝑳
Mmax(center) =
𝟒
1°
𝑷𝑳𝟑
M.D. △Mmax(center)=
(deflection) 𝟒𝟖𝑬𝑰
4. SIMPLE BEAM- P

Concentrated Load x

at Any Point a
L
b
R2
R1
𝑷𝒃
R1= V1 (max when a<b)=
𝑳
𝑷𝒂
R2= V2 (max when a>b)= 0°
𝑳 V1
V.D
𝑷𝒂𝒃 .
V2
Mmax(at point load) =
𝑳

𝑷𝒂𝒃(𝒂+𝟐𝒃) 𝟑𝒂(𝒂+𝟐𝒃) Mmax

△max=
𝟐𝟕𝑬𝑰𝑳
1°
𝒂 𝒂+𝟐𝒃
at x = M.D.
𝟑
5. SIMPLE BEAM- P P
Two Equal
Concentrated Loads L/3 L/3 L/3

Symmetrically Placed R1 L R2

RA= P= RB= P
P
MC= P(L/3)= PL/3
0°
V
MB= = PL/3- P(L/3)= 0 V.D
.
V
R= V= P
PL/ -
3 Mmax P
𝑷𝑳
Mmax(between loads) =
𝟑 1°
𝟐𝟑𝑷𝑳𝟑 M.D.
△max(center)=
𝟔𝟒𝟖𝑬𝑰
6. SIMPLE BEAM-
Two Equal Concentrated P P

Loads Unsymmetrically a b
Placed R1 L R2
𝑷
R1= V1 = (L-a+b) (max when
𝑳
a<b) P
𝑷 0°
R2= V2 = (L-b+a) (max when V1
𝑳 V.D
a>b) .
V2
M1 (max when a>b) = R1a
-
M2 P
M2 (max when a<b) = R2b 1°
M1
𝑷𝒂
△max(center)= (𝟑𝑳𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝟐)
𝟐𝟒𝑬𝑰 M.D.
 7. Cantilever
w
Beam-
L R Uniformly
Distributed Load
Restrained= fixed end
1° V.D
Free end= 0
V .
R= V= WL

𝑾𝑳𝟐
Mmax(fixed end) =
𝟐

𝑾𝑳𝟒
△Mmax(free end)=
𝟖𝑬𝑰
P
8. Cantilever
Beam-
L Concentrated
R Load At Free End
V.D
V .
R= V= P
0°

Mmax(fixed end) = PL
M.D.
Mma
1° x 𝑷𝑳𝟑
△Mmax(free end)=
𝟑𝑬𝑰
 P
9. Cantilever
a b Beam-
L Concentrated
R Load At Any Point
V.D
V .
R= V= P
0°

Mmax(fixed end) = PL
M.D.
1°
Mma 𝑷𝒃𝟐
x △Mmax(free end)= (3L-
𝟔𝑬𝑰
b)
10. BEAM FIXED AT x
ONE END- Simply w
Supported at other
(uniformly distributed load) L
R1 R2

𝟑𝒘𝑳 1°
R1= V1 =
𝟖 V1
V.D
.
𝟓𝒘𝑳
R2= V2(max) = V2
𝟖
3/8 L M
𝒘𝑳𝟐
Mmax (fixed support) = 1
L/4
𝟖 M.D
.
𝒘𝑳𝟒
△max(at x= 0.4215L) =
𝟖𝟏𝟖𝟓𝑬𝑰 Mmax
11. BEAM FIXED AT
ONE END- Simply P
Supported at other L/
2
L/
2
(concentrated load at center) x
R2
𝟓𝑷 R1
R1= V1 =
𝟏𝟔
0°
𝟏𝟏𝑷
R2= V2(max) = V1
V.D
𝟏𝟔
.
𝟑𝑷𝑳 V2
Mmax (fixed end) =
𝟏𝟔
M1
𝟓𝑷𝑳
M1= 1°
𝟑𝟐 M.D.
𝑷𝑳𝟑
△max(at x= 0.4472L) = Mmax
𝟒𝟖𝑬𝑰√𝟓
12. BEAM FIXED AT ONE
END- Simply Supported at P
other (concentrated load at a b
any point)
L
𝑷𝒃𝟐 R2
R1= V1 = (a+2L) R1
𝟐𝑳𝟑
𝑷𝒂
R2= V2(max) = 2 2
𝟑 (3L - a ) V1
𝟐𝑳 V.D
0° .
M1= R1a V2
𝑷𝒃
Mmax(fixed end) = (a+L)
𝟐𝑳𝟐
M1
𝑷𝒂 𝑳𝟐−𝒂𝟐 𝟑
△max(when a< 0.414L) =
𝟑𝑬𝑰 𝟑𝑳𝟐−𝒂𝟐 𝟐 M.D.
𝑷𝒂𝒃𝟐 𝒂
1°
△max(when a> 0.414L) = √ Mmax
𝟔𝑬𝑰 𝟐𝑳+𝒂
 13. Beam fixed
w
at both ends-
L Uniformly
Ra Rb Distributed Load
1° L/ 𝑾𝑳
V 2 R= V=
𝟐
V
𝑾𝑳𝟐
M M1=
1 𝟐𝟒
2°
𝑾𝑳𝟐
M.D Mmax(fixed end) =
L/ . 𝟏𝟐
Mmax Mmax
2
𝑾𝑳𝟒
△Mmax(center)=
𝟑𝟖𝟒𝑬𝑰
 P 14. Beam fixed
L/ L/ at both ends-
uniformly
2 2

R R distributed loads
V 0°
V.D 𝑷
. R= V=
V 𝟐
M
𝑷𝑳
1 Mmax(center) =
1°
𝟖
M.D.
𝑷𝑳𝟑
△Mmax(center)=
Mmax Mmax 𝟏𝟗𝟐𝑬𝑰
 15. Beam fixed at both
a b ends- concentrated load
L at any point
R R 𝑷𝒃𝟐
1 2 R1= V1(max when a<b)= 𝟑 (𝟑𝒂 + 𝒃)
𝑳
V1 0°
V.D 𝑷𝒃𝟐
R2= V2(max when a>b)= 𝟑 (𝒂 + 𝟑𝒃)
. 𝑳
V2
𝑷𝒂𝒃𝟐
M1(max when a<b)= 𝟐
M 𝑳
3 𝑷𝒂𝟐𝒃
1° M2(max when a>b)= 𝟐
M.D. 𝑳
𝑷𝒂𝟐𝒃𝟐
M3=
𝑳𝟑
M1 M2
𝟐𝑷𝒂𝟑𝒃𝟐
△Mmax(when a>b)=
𝟑𝑬𝑰(𝟑𝒂+𝒃)𝟐
 16. CONTINUOS BEAMS- three equal spans-
all spans loaded
w

A L B L C L D

RA=0.40WL RB=0.10W RC=0.10W RD=0.40W

L L L
0.40WL 0.50WL 0.60WL
V.D
.
0.60WL 0.50WL 0.40WL

0.08WL2 0.08WL2
0.025WL2
M.D
.
-0.10WL2 -0.10WL2

𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟗𝑾𝑳𝟒
△Mmax(0.446L from A or D)=
𝑬𝑰
 17. CONTINUOS BEAMS- four equal spans-
all spans loaded
w

A L B L C L D L E

RA=0.393W RB=1.143W RC=0.928WL RD=1.143W RE=0.393W

L L L L
0.393WL 0.536WL 0.464WL 0.607WL
V.D.

0.607WL 0.464WL 0.536WL 0.393WL

0.0772WL 0.0772WL
2 2
0.0364WL2 0.0364WL2
M.D.

-0.1071WL2 -0.1071WL2
-0.0714WL2

𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟔𝟓𝑾𝑳𝟒
△Mmax(0.406L from A or E)=
𝑬𝑰