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Grade 7 Q2 W1 PP

A microscope is a tool that magnifies tiny objects and organisms so they can be seen more clearly. It has two main functions - magnification, which makes specimens appear larger, and resolution, which allows it to distinguish small gaps. The compound light microscope uses two sets of glass lenses to achieve higher magnification. Light passes through the lenses and illuminates the specimen, which is projected larger to the eye. Key parts of the microscope include the eyepiece, objective lenses, stage, mirror, and adjustment knobs. Proper care and handling of the microscope is important.

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Karina Genton
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38 views

Grade 7 Q2 W1 PP

A microscope is a tool that magnifies tiny objects and organisms so they can be seen more clearly. It has two main functions - magnification, which makes specimens appear larger, and resolution, which allows it to distinguish small gaps. The compound light microscope uses two sets of glass lenses to achieve higher magnification. Light passes through the lenses and illuminates the specimen, which is projected larger to the eye. Key parts of the microscope include the eyepiece, objective lenses, stage, mirror, and adjustment knobs. Proper care and handling of the microscope is important.

Uploaded by

Karina Genton
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Microscope

A Microscope is a tool that can help you see tiny objects and single-celled
organisms. It makes them look bigger.
Its ability to make the specimen bigger is called magnifying power or magnification.
The microscope also has the capacity to distinguish small gaps between two
separate points which humans cannot distinguish. It is called its resolving power or
resolution.

The compound light microscope (see Figure 1) comes with two sets of lenses which
causes it to achieve a higher level of magnification. It uses diffused light from the
sun or artificial light to illuminate the object to be observed through the glass
lenses. As light passes through the lenses, it is bent so the specimen appears bigger
when it is projected to the eye. The form and structure of the specimen can then be
seen because some of their parts reflect light. It is important to remember never to
use direct sunlight as a light source to view objects since direct sunlight can
permanently damage the retina of the eye.
The parts of the compound microscope and its corresponding functions are as follows;

Eyepiece or ocular- the lens at the top of the microscope that


you look through. On its rim, there are certain markings such
as 5x, 10x, 15x, which indicates the magnification power.
Body tube- is a hollow tubular structure that connects the
eyepiece to the objective lenses.
It can be shifted down and up using the adjustment knobs.
Arm- the part that supports the body tube and connects it to
the base of the microscope.
Base- the bottom of the microscope used for support. It also
houses the illuminator or mirror.

Figure 2 shows the parts of the compound light microscope


Stage- the flat platform where slides are placed.
Stage clips- hold the slides in place.
Mirror- it is used to reflect light from an external light source up to the diaphragm, object to
be observed, and lenses. Positioning the microscope towards diffused light from the windows
and ceiling one can see through the eyepiece a bright circle of light called the field of view.
Revolving nosepiece- carries the objective lenses and can be rotated to easily change
power (magnification).
Fine adjustment knob- the small knob used for focusing finer details of the specimen being
viewed.
Coarse adjustment knob- the large knob located on the arm of the microscope used for
moving the body tube down and up for bringing the object to be examined under exact
focus.
Objective- a component that magnifies the images of the specimen to form an enlarged
image. There are three (3) objective lenses, namely;
Oil immersion objective (OIO)-used to view bacteria, very small protists, and fungi. It is
marked 97x or 100x or the word “oil”.
High power objective (HPO)- is marked 40x, 43x, or 60x.
Low power objective (LPO)- is marked 10x or 12x.
Inclination joint- a joint where the arm is fastened to the base. It is used to tilt the
microscope for more comfortable viewing.
Diaphragm- is fastened below the stage. It regulates the amount of light passing through
the specimen.
Figure 2. Parts of the Compound Light Microscope

Proper care should be given to each part and the


microscope as a whole. Remember to always carry
the microscope with both hands, one is holding
the arm and the other is holding the base. Place it
17 centimeters away from the edge of the table
with the arm facing you. Always hold it in an
upright position. Before using the microscope,
wipe the metal parts with tissue paper or a
piece of cloth and wipe the lenses of the eyepiece
and objectives with a lens paper.
REFERENCES

(Studylib). (No date). Lab: The Compound Microscope. Retrieved


from
https://studylib.net/doc/6826165/st220_microscopelab_instructio
ns
Image credit: modified from Levels of structural organization of the
human body by OpenStax College, Anatomy & Physiology, CC BY 4.0
( organization of the human body).

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