Folding and Faulting of Rocks
Folding and Faulting of Rocks
Folding and Faulting of Rocks
WHAT IS FAULT?
FAULT is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rocks.
FAULTING
✓Happens when Earth’s crust completely breaks and slides past each other.
✓Causes Earthquakes to occur.
TYPES OF FAULT
1. NORMAL FAULT occurs when the crust is being pulled apart in which the overlying (hanging-wall)
block moves down with respect to the lower (foot wall) block.
2. REVERSE FAULT occurs when the crust is being compressed in which the hanging-wall block moves up
over the footwall block
3. STRIKE-SLIP FAULT a dip-slip fault in which the dip of the fault plane is vertical. Strike-slip faults
results from shear stresses
STRESS & STRAIN
STRESS the force applied to an object
Compression pushes rock together
Tension stretches rock
Shear/shearing can cause masses of rock to slip.
STRAIN the change in a solid’s shape caused by the application of stress