Wildlife Ecology
Wildlife Ecology
Wildlife Ecology
S. No. Question
3 Ecology is the scientific study of ___ that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms.
(Fill in the blanks)
a. statics
b. interactions
c. dynamics
d. habitat
10 Ecology is the scientific study of interactions among organisms and their ___. (Fill in the blanks)
a. habitat
b. niche
c. environment
d. population
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 2
S. No. Question
1 Hierarchy emerges almost inevitably through a wide variety of evolutionary processes, for the
simple reason that hierarchical structures are ___ (Fill in the blank)
a. perfect
b. imperfect
c. stable
d. unstable
2 The mitochondrion is a / an
a. Sub-cellular organelle
b. Cell
c. Tissue
d. Organ
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 3
S. No. Question
2 I observe a monkey take a tick out of another monkey's head and eat it. In the social context, this
behaviour would be called
a. tick hunting
b. auto grooming
c. allo grooming
d. foraging
5 I observe a bird take a tick out of another bird's head and eat it. In the social context, this
behaviour would be called
a. tick hunting
b. auto grooming
c. allo grooming
d. foraging
6 The interaction between exotic shrubs and trees through the action of seed predators is an
example of
a. infraspecific competition
b. apparent competition
c. disguised competition
d. harmonious competition
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 4
S. No. Question
1 If we all became vegetarians, we'll be able to support our large populations. This can be
explained through
a. 10% rule
b. 1% rule
c. trophic cascade
d. biodiversity
5 Consider the food chain: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk. As we move up the
food chain,
a. available energy decreases
b. available energy increases
c. available energy remains same
d. available energy is zero everywhere
6 Consider the food chain: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk. In this food chain,
a. more number of hawks than grasshoppers can be supported
b. more number of grasshoppers than hawks can be supported
c. equal number of hawks and grasshoppers can be supported
d. none of these
8 Consider the food chain: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk. In this food chain,
a. hawk is producer
b. hawk is consumer and carnivore
c. hawk is consumer and herbivore
d. hawk is decomposer
10 Consider the food chain: Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Hawk. In this food chain,
a. frog is producer
b. frog is consumer and carnivore
c. frog is consumer and herbivore
d. frog is decomposer
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 5
S. No.
Question
1
The juvenile mortality rate is the annual number of deaths of juveniles per
a. 100 births
b. 1000 births
c. 100 live births
d. 1000 live births
2
Pan traps are used for sampling
a. bees
b. butterflies
c. non-pollinator insects
d. pollinator insects
3
___ employs a simple rule of selecting every kth unit starting with a number chosen at random from 1 to k as the random
start.
a. Simple random sampling
b. Systematic sampling
c. Stratified sampling
d. Multistage sampling
4
Which of these is not a measure of absolute population density?
a. total count
b. pelt count
c. capture-recapture method
d. removal method
5
The logistic growth equation, when plotted, appears
a. I shaped
b. J shaped
c. S shaped
d. O shaped
6
A sampling procedure such that each possible combination of sampling units out of the population has the same chance of
being selected is referred to as
a. Simple random sampling
b. Systematic sampling
c. Stratified sampling
d. Multistage sampling
7
The minimum replacement level fertility for a population to grow should be greater than
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
8
Cover board surveys are typically used for sampling
a. herpetofauna
b. fishes
c. large mammals
d. carnivores
9
Which of these is true?
a. Physiological longevity > Ecological longevity
b. Physiological longevity = Ecological longevity
c. Physiological longevity < Ecological longevity
d. a or b
10
___ is how close the measured values are to the correct value.
a. Accuracy
b. Precision
c. Bias
d. Variance
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 6
S. No. Question
2 A species found most frequently in a particular community, but also present occasionally in
others is called
a. accidental species
b. indifferent species
c. selective species
d. exclusive species
5 Lithosere is an example of
a. hydrosere
b. xerosere
c. psammosere
d. halosere
8 The climax near Tindni village is being controlled by disturbance by cattle. This is an example of
a. climatic climax
b. edaphic climax
c. disclimax
d. catastrophic climax
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 7
S. No.
Question
1
"The geographical distribution of a species will be controlled by that environmental factor for which the organism has the
narrowest range of tolerance." This is the statement for
a. Liebig’s law of the minimum
b. Liebig’s law of the maximum
c. Shelford’s law of tolerance
d. Shelford’s law of intolerance
2
Transplantation experiments are used to find
a. potential range
b. effective range
c. actual range
d. economic range
3
Good climate is a
a. chemical factor
b. demographic factor
c. push factor
d. pull factor
4
"The rate of any biological process is limited by that factor in least amount relative to requirement, so there is a single limiting
factor." This is the statement for
a. Liebig’s law of the minimum
b. Liebig’s law of the maximum
c. Shelford’s law of tolerance
d. Shelford’s law of intolerance
5
I tried growing vegetables under my teak plantation, but the vegetable plants died out. I should be concerned about
a. autophagy
b. allelophagy
c. autopathy
d. allelopathy
6
"Quick movement over large distances, often across unsuitable terrain" is a description of
a. diffusion
b. secular dispersal
c. jump dispersal
d. drifting
7
The movement of individuals away from their place of birth or hatching or seed production into a new habitat or area to
survive and reproduce is called
a. translocation
b. migration
c. dispersal
d. drifting
8
The movement of lions across the Gir landscape is an example of
a. diffusion
b. secular dispersal
c. jump dispersal
d. drifting
9
Which of these is not a physical factor of habitat?
a. soil
b. moisture
c. predators
d. temperature
10
Scarcity of food is a
a. chemical factor
b. demographic factor
c. push factor
d. pull factor
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Wildlife Ecology: assignment 8
S. No.
Question
1
The “subset of physical and biotic environmental factors that permit an animal (or plant) to survive and reproduce” is the
definition of
a. habitat
b. ecosystem
c. biome
d. biosphere
2
According to Leopold, which of these is not a tool of habitat management?
a. fire
b. gun
c. cattle
d. sickle
3
Zoo is an example of
a. in-situ conservation
b. ex-situ conservation
c. in-situ preservation
d. ex-situ preservation
4
The acronym HIPPO does not include
a. habitat loss
b. invasive species
c. pollination
d. pollution
5
We prefer those areas for the creation of a conservation reserve where the level of threat is
a. very high
b. medium
c. very low
d. non-existent
6
Which of these is a deterministic factor?
a. environmental variation
b. forest fire
c. death rate
d. diseases
7
Captive breeding is an example of
a. in-situ conservation
b. ex-situ conservation
c. in-situ preservation
d. ex-situ preservation
8
Which of these is a stochastic factor?
a. birth rate
b. death rate
c. population structure
d. environmental fluctuation
9
Which of these correctly represents the process of habitat fragmentation and loss?
a. Original forest → Dissection → Perforation → Fragmentation → Attrition
b. Original forest → Dissection → Attrition → Fragmentation → Perforation
c. Original forest → Dissection → Perforation → Attrition → Fragmentation
d. Original forest → Dissection → Fragmentation → Perforation → Attrition
10
The acronym HIPPO does not include
a. habitat loss
b. habitat enhancement
c. invasive species
d. human over-population
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 9
S. No.
Question
1
According to Malthusian model,
a. Population grows in geometric progression, food supply increases in arithmetic progression
b. Population grows in geometric progression, food supply increases in geometric progression
c. Population grows in arithmetic progression, food supply increases in arithmetic progression
d. Population grows in arithmetic progression, food supply increases in geometric progression
2
Which of these is not a pillar of sustainability?
a. environmental sustainability
b. economic sustainability
c. trans-boundary sustainability
d. social sustainability
3
The quantum of human impacts is given by
a. I=P×A×T
b. I=P+A+T
c. I=P+A-T
d. I = P - (A + T)
4
Which of these is a positive check according to Malthus?
a. late marriage
b. war
c. celibacy
d. moral restraint
5
Which of these is a pillar of sustainability
a. social sustainability
b. industrial sustainability
c. agricultural sustainability
d. trans-boundary sustainability
6
___ is used to identify which potential impacts are relevant to assess. (Fill in the blank)
a. screening
b. scoping
c. reporting
d. review
7
___ determines which projects or developments require a full or partial impact assessment study. (Fill in the blank)
a. screening
b. scoping
c. reporting
d. review
8
The demographic transition sees a society move from
a. high birth rate, low death rate to low birth rate, low death rate
b. low birth rate, high death rate to low birth rate, low death rate
c. high birth rate, high death rate to low birth rate, low death rate
d. high birth rate, high death rate to low birth rate, high death rate
9
The book "An Essay on the Principle of Population" was written by
a. Darwin
b. Malthus
c. Spencer
d. Owens
10
Which of these is a preventive check according to Malthus?
a. foresight
b. vice
c. misery
d. flood
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 10
S. No. Question
1 “Any changes in natural or human systems that inadvertently increase vulnerability to climatic
stimuli; an adaptation that does not succeed in reducing vulnerability but increases it instead” is a
definition for
a. adaptation
b. mitigation
c. maladaptation
d. malmitigation
4 “The ability of a system to adjust to climate change (including climate variability and extremes) to
moderate potential damages, to take advantage of opportunities, or to cope with the
consequences” is a definition for
a. adaptive response
b. adaptive capacity
c. mitigative response
d. mitigative capacity
8 The government came up with a regulation that incandescent bulbs be replaced by LED bulbs, so
that electricity consumption and release of carbon dioxide from power plants is reduced. In the
context of climate change, such an action would be called
a. adaptation
b. mitigation
c. deceleration
d. maladaptation
10 Because of climate change, Mudumalai Tiger Reserve is suffering from frequent droughts. The
management has built several artificial water holes for animals, and fills them up regularly with
tankers. In the context of climate change, such an action would be called
a. adaptation
b. mitigation
c. deceleration
d. maladaptation
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 11
S. No.
Question
1
Ludwig's ratchet predicts
a. decreasing harvesting rate
b. constant harvesting rate
c. increasing harvesting rate
d. fluctuating harvesting rate
2
Which of these is correct?
a. R + G = M + F
b. R + M = G + F
c. R + F = M + G
d. R + G + M + F = 0
3
A deciduous forest in Madhya Pradesh was converted to a mine. After the mining operations were over, the pits were
filled up with soil and species of deciduous forest planted again. This is an example of
a. recovery
b. restoration
c. enhancement
d. replacement
4
A deciduous forest in Madhya Pradesh was converted to a mine. After the mining operations were over, the pits were
filled up with water and a lake was created. It is now visited by several migratory birds. This is an example of
a. recovery
b. restoration
c. enhancement
d. replacement
5
A root zone treatment plant is an example of
a. phytoremediation
b. biological control
c. biomagnification
d. bioaccumulation
6
A pest population is called controlled when
a. it is not increasing
b. it is decreasing
c. it is not causing any economic damage
d. it is not causing excessive economic damage
7
Which of these is not an impact of toxic chemicals?
a. lethal effects
b. sub-lethal effects
c. reduction of existing stressors
d. reduced fecundity
8
Which of these is correct?
a. The maximum sustainable yield is near the beginning of the sigmoidal curve.
b. The maximum sustainable yield is near the mid-point of the sigmoidal curve.
c. The maximum sustainable yield is near the end of the sigmoidal curve.
d. None of these.
9
The impact of El Nino on fishery collapse in Peru is explained by
a. match hypothesis
b. mismatch hypothesis
c. match-mismatch hypothesis
d. none of these
10
A pest population is called uncontrolled when
a. it is increasing
b. it is not decreasing
c. it is causing some economic damage
d. it is causing excessive economic damage
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Wildlife Ecology: Assignment 12
S. No.
Question
1
At the compensation point,
a. photosynthesis = respiration
b. photosynthesis < respiration
c. photosynthesis > respiration
d. photosynthesis = 0
2
Birds on giraffe are an example of
a. colony
b. commensalism
c. protocooperation
d. allelopathy
3
Because of climate change, Mudumalai Tiger Reserve is suffering from frequent droughts. The management has built
several artificial water holes for animals, and fills them up regularly with tankers. In the context of climate change, such
an action would be called
a. adaptation
b. mitigation
c. deceleration
d. maladaptation
4
Which of these is a stochastic factor?
a. birth rate
b. death rate
c. population structure
d. environmental fluctuation
5
The mitochondrion is a / an
a. Sub-cellular organelle
b. Cell
c. Tissue
d. Organ
6
Which of these is correct?
a. Fundamental niche > Realised niche
b. Fundamental niche = Realised niche
c. Fundamental niche < Realised niche
d. a or b
7
The movement of individuals away from their place of birth or hatching or seed production into a new habitat or area to
survive and reproduce is called
a. translocation
b. migration
c. dispersal
d. drifting
8
The book "An Essay on the Principle of Population" was written by
a. Darwin
b. Malthus
c. Spencer
d. Owens
9
Which of these is not a step in natural selection?
a. variation
b. underpopulation
c. struggle for existence
d. survival of the fittest
10
The logistic growth equation, when plotted, appears
a. I shaped
b. J shaped
c. S shaped
d. O shaped
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