Bs 5422 Guide

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Guide to

BS 5422:2023
Thermal insulation of pipework, ductwork and equipment
Building Regulations
BS 5422 is referenced in and can be used to comply
with the following guidance:
■ England: Approved Document L
■ Wales: Approved Document L
■ Scotland: Technical Handbook Section 6, Building

Introduction
Services Guide
■ Northern Ireland: Technical Booklet F
■ Ireland: Technical Guidance Document L

BS 5422 provides specification


guidance for the thermal insulation of
pipework, ductwork and equipment, Changes for 2023
covering the following applications: While base level performance requirements remain the
same as BS 5422:2009, there are a number of changes
■ Conservation of energy, for both cooled and heated and additions which are summarised below.
systems ■ Removal of thermal performance data relating to
■ Slow freezing of contents materials no longer supplied

■ Control condensation on cold surfaces ■ Pipe diameters now referenced to as ‘less/more-than-


or-equal-to’, leading to the removal of two tables
■ Protect personnel from exposure to extremes of specific to copper pipes
surface temperature
■ Legacy ‘National Class’ reaction-to-fire ratings
■ Control process or service temperatures replaced by Euroclass ratings, in line with current
■ Limit effects of system on indoor building Building Regulations
temperature. ■ Adoption of the more stringent Energy Technology
List/Capital Allowance/NES Y-50 targets as an
optional ‘enhanced performance’ set of B-series
In the case of energy conservation, BS 5422 seeks to
tables
strike a balance between economic considerations and
CO2 savings. ■ District heating tables for secondary systems have
been added as Tables 19C and 20C
ROCKWOOL offers a range of insulation products
suitable for building services and HVAC systems which ■ Plastic pipes (single wall) are now treated as having
can satisfy the above applications for domestic, non- no insulative value of their own
domestic and commercial use.

For process, industrial and marine applications,


including service temperatures greater than 250°C,
Transitional arrangements
please contact ROCKWOOL Technical Insulation via BS 5422:2023 takes effect from 30th June 2023, at
rti.rockwool.com/contact. which point the 2009 version is withdrawn.

Regulatory guidance refers to BS 5422 dynamically; as


such BS 5422:2023 will apply to new projects, including
those for which planning permission has been achieved.

However, where tender documentation has already


been issued to potential installers, or a contract has
been awarded, BS 5422:2009 would continue to apply.

2 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 3


Thermal performance
Thermal conductivity
Also referred to as a k-value, or lambda (λ), the thermal conductivity of a
material is a number that describes how readily it transmits heat.
“Additional allowances
Values are expressed in units of Watts per meter per Kelvin (W/mK), and shall be made to
as such are independent of thickness. confirm that the
Lower thermal conductivity values indicate a better, more efficient specified performance
thermal performance. is achieved where
system inefficiencies
The thermal conductivity of insulation increases with temperature,
meaning higher service temperatures require thicker insulation to
are created through the
achieve a given thermal resistance. ageing of the product”
BS 5422:2023, 5.3.3
When choosing insulation for building services, it is crucial to consider
long-term thermal performance and the impact that any degradation
over time could have on system performance and costs.

The thermal properties of ROCKWOOL stone wool are derived from


pockets of trapped air, with no reliance on blown-in hydrocarbon gases.
This provides a stable thermal performance that does not degrade over
time, proven for up to 60 years and counting.

Thermal bridges
The correct detailing of thermal bridges is paramount to achieving the
full benefits of insulated building services. “To limit heat transfer
Historically, wooden block inserts were used at pipe support locations. through supports,
However, since wood is not an insulating material, this runs contrary to load‑bearing insulating
guidance provided in BS 5422:2023. material should be used
To satisfy BS 5422, ROCKWOOL recommends specifying RockLap H&V on the pipe or vessel
Pipe Supports. Manufactured from high density non-combustible stone between the support
wool, Pipe Supports combine high compressive strength with CE-marked and the surface to be
thermal performance, minimising heat losses while offering long-term insulated.”
stable performance.
BS 5422:2023, 5.3.3, Note 2

Service temperature

Insulation BS 5422 covers applications ranging from -40°C to +700°C. It is


imperative that the service temperature rating of the chosen insulation

guidance
product conforms with its intended application.

This information should be readily available on the product’s ‘Declaration


of Performance’.

ROCKWOOL products for building services are rated for use with service
There are several key factors which specifiers and temperatures ranging from 0 to 250°C.
designers should consider when choosing insulation
Insulation products suitable for service temperatures greater than 250°C
for building services and HVAC systems. are available from ROCKWOOL Technical Insulation, a ROCKWOOL
Group company. For more information please contact RTI via
rti.rockwool.com/contact.

4 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 5


Surface emissivity Smoke and toxic gases
In the event of a
Surface emissivity is the ratio of the energy radiated from a material’s surface, to that of a perfect black body emitter. It Between 2019 and 2022, ‘gas or smoke’ was listed within the cause of
is a dimensionless number ranging from 0 (perfect reflector) to 1 (perfect emitter). just over half of all fire fatalities in the UK1.
fire, some insulation
systems can generate
The emissivity of a surface depends not only on the material but also on the nature of the surface. A clean and polished Smoke consists of particles, vapours and toxic gases, all of which can be appreciable quantities
metal surface will have a lower emissivity, whereas a rough and oxidised metal surface will have a higher emissivity. harmful to human health.
of smoke and toxic
When aiming to limit heat transfer to a fixed value, or achieve a given surface temperature, emissivity impacts the ■ Particles irritate airways leading to breathing difficulties fumes. Consideration
required thickness of insulation as shown in the table below. ■ Vapours are liquid droplets suspended in air, toxic if inhaled or should be given to the
absorbed through skin choice of materials
Property Relative thickness of insulation
■ Toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide and bearing in mind their
Low ε = 0.05 High ε = 0.90 hydrogen chloride location, e.g. enclosed
Heat transfer Thinner Thicker areas or adjacent to air
In addition, smoke impairs vision making it more difficult for occupants
Surface temperature Thicker Thinner ducts through which the
and rescue services to navigate a building.
All ROCKWOOL thermal insulation products for building services and HVAC systems have a factory-applied aluminium smoke or fumes may
ROCKWOOL insulation products for building services and HVAC
foil facing with an emissivity of 0.05. spread.
systems are non-combustible, and as such will not contribute any
significant toxic smoke. BS 5422:2023

Fire performance
Compartmentation
HVAC systems and building services typically span the length and breadth of a building, running through compartment
walls and floors. In addition, many commercial properties opt to leave pipework and ductwork exposed as a design It must be ensured that the fire resistance of compartment walls and
feature. floors is not compromised when penetrated by building services and Insulation systems
HVAC systems.
on pipework or
With the above in mind, specifiers should be cognisant of how material choice can impact the potential for fire spread,
as well as the fire load within a building. Insulation systems on pipework or ductwork traversing a fire‑resisting ductwork traversing a
division shall maintain the level of fire resistance of the wall, floor or fire‑resisting division
cavity barrier through which they pass. shall maintain the level
Reaction to fire
ROCKWOOL offers a comprehensive range of passive fire protection of fire resistance of
The way in which a material behaves under thermal attack is of crucial importance, especially during the early stages of products, tested to maintain the fire rating where services pass through the wall, floor or cavity
a fire. The reaction to fire of insulation products is classified through BS EN 13501-1, which considers results from the both walls and floors. For more information, please visit barrier through which
following tests: rockwool.com/uk/firestopping.
they pass.
■ Ignitability
BS 5422:2023
■ Rate of flame spread across the surface
Acoustic performance
■ Amount of heat released during combustion
While outside the scope of BS 5422, specifiers should be aware that
■ Rate and level of smoke release insulation material choice can impact the level of noise and vibration
■ Character changes, such as release of flaming droplets arising from building services and HVAC systems.
1
Total of ‘Overcome by gas or smoke’ and
‘Burns and overcome by gas or smoke’, Fire
Results are assessed and products assigned a rating from A1 (best) to F (worst). ROCKWOOL stone wool is acoustically absorbent, which helps to Statistics Table 0504.
reduce noise and dampen vibration.
With the exception of A1, ratings are appended with ‘s’ and ‘d’ to respectively indicate emitted levels of smoke and
flaming droplets.

Euroclass Combustibility
A1
Non-combustible ROCKWOOL stone wool insulation
A2-s1, d0
B is non-comustible, meaning it does
C not burn, does not contribute to fire
D Combustible growth and presents no smoke hazard.
E
F

ROCKWOOL insulation products for building services and HVAC systems are non-combustible, and as such will not fuel
or spread a fire.

6 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 7


Products
DuctSlab & DuctWrap
Manufactured from non-combustible stone wool,
DuctWrap consists of a lightweight, flexible insulation
The ROCKWOOL HVAC Range comprises a series of solutions which deliver roll, while DuctSlab is a semi-rigid insulation slab. Both
products are faced with a factory-applied reinforced
thermal, acoustic and non-combustible performance for HVAC applications. aluminium foil.

DuctSlab and DuctWrap provide thermal insulation for


air conditioning, warm air and extractor ducts, located
either in plants rooms and boiler houses or externally.
RockLap H&V Pipe Sections
They can also be used to thermally insulate cold water
RockLap H&V Pipe Sections are pre-formed cylindrical storage tanks, feeds and expansion tanks with service
sections of stone wool insulation suitable for pipework. temperatures of up to 230°C.
Manufactured pre-slit for ease of application, each
section features a factory-applied foil facing and self- Benefits
adhesive lap. The self-adhesive lap allows for quick
application and a completely sealed joint. ■ CE marked according to EN 14303

■ Non-combustible, Euroclass A1 reaction-to-fire


Benefits classification
■ Non-combustible, Euroclass A2L-s1, d0 reaction-to- ■ Water repellent
fire classification
■ Chemically inert
■ Tested to provide up to 120 minutes fire resistance
where metal pipes penetrate fire-resisting walls and ■ Easy to handle and install
floors, according to BS EN 1366-3*

■ CE marked in accordance with BS EN 14303

■ High density, with proven thermal performance.


DuoDuct
*Subject to the application DuoDuct is a Dual-Density stone wool slab with an
aluminium foil facing bonded to the outer surface. The
robust outer layer provides enhanced impact resistance
and a suitable substrate for surface applications such as
RockLap H&V Pipe Supports cladding.

A non-combustible, high-density pipe support Designed for use on rectangular or square external
solution designed to support HVAC pipework and ductwork, ROCKWOOL DuoDuct is suitable for
minimise thermal bridging without compromising on insulating cold air, hot air and dual-purpose duct
combustibility. RockLap H&V Pipe Supports are CE- systems – withstanding service temperatures of up to
marked, meeting EU health, safety and environmental 230°C.
guidelines. Fully tested for their compressive strength,
RockLap H&V Pipe Supports are suitable for a wide Benefits
range of sizes including pipes in excess of 205mm
diameter. ■ Rated Euroclass A1 non-combustible

■ Suitable for use with self-adhered external duct


Benefits membranes

■ High density CE-marked pipe support product ■ Easy to cut and install

■ Non-combustible ■ ROCKWOOL Dual Density (DD) technology


provides enhanced impact resistance
■ Minimises thermal bridging
■ Sound absorbent
■ High compressive strength for effective load
bearing capacity

For more information on product specifications, performance and sizing,


please visit: www.rockwool.com/uk/hvac

8 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 9


BS 5422:2023 thickness tables
Please note that all insulation thicknesses shown are compliant
and aligned with commercial availability.
Page No.
Cooled and chilled water pipes
Control condensation:
Table 6 ε = 0.90 12
Table 7 (No longer used) -
Table 8 ε = 0.05 13
Table 9 (No longer used) -
Control heat gain:
Table 10 ε = 0.05 14
Table 11 ε = 0.90 15

Ductwork
Control condensation:
Table 12 16
Control heat gain:
Table 13 Warm air ducts 16
Table 14 Chilled or dual-purpose ducts 16

Non-domestic heating services


Control heat loss:
Table 15A ε = 0.05, base level 18
Table 15B ε = 0.05, enhanced level 19
Table 16A ε = 0.90, base level 20
Table 16B ε = 0.90, enhanced level 21

Non-domestic hot water services


Control heat loss:
Table 17A ε = 0.05, base level 22
Table 17B ε = 0.05, enhanced level 22
Table 18A ε = 0.90, base level 24
Table 18B ε = 0.90, enhanced level 25

Domestic heating and hot water


Control heat loss:
Table 19A ε = 0.05, base level 26
Table 19B ε = 0.05, enhanced level 26
Table 19C ε = 0.05, secondary district heating 27
Table 20A ε = 0.90, base level 27
Table 20B ε = 0.90, enhanced level 28
Table 20C ε = 0.90, secondary district heating 28

Process pipework and equipment


Control surface temperature:
Table 22 Non-metallic surface, design cold face 59°C 30
Table 23 Metallic surface, design cold face 50°C 31
Table 24 Non-metallic surface, design cold face 50°C 32

Protection against freezing


Table 29 Commercial and institutional 33
Table 30 Domestic cold water, 12-hour period 34
Table 31 Domestic cold water, 8-hour period 35

10 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 11


Table 6: Table 8:
Minimum insulation thickness for chilled and cold water pipes to control Minimum insulation thickness for chilled and cold water pipes to control
condensation on a high emissivity outer surface (0.9) with an ambient condensation on a low emissivity outer surface (0.05) with an ambient
temperature of +25°C and a relative humidity of 80%. temperature of +25°C and a relative humidity of 80%.
Emissivity = 0.9 Emissivity = 0.05

Outside diameter of RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) Outside diameter of RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)
pipe on which insulation pipe on which insulation
thickness has been based thickness has been based
(mm) t = 10°C t = 5°C t = 0°C (mm) t = 10°C t = 5°C t = 0°C

≤17.2 20 20 20 ≤17.2 20 25 30

≤21.3 20 20 20 ≤21.3 20 25 30

≤26.9 20 20 20 ≤26.9 20 30 35

≤33.7 20 20 20 ≤33.7 20 30 35

≤42.4 20 20 20 ≤42.4 20 30 40

≤48.3 20 20 20 ≤48.3 25 35 40

≤60.3 20 20 20 ≤60.3 25 35 50

≤76.1 25 25 25 ≤76.1 25 40 50

≤88.9 25 25 25 ≤88.9 30 40 50

≤101.6 25 25 25 ≤101.6 30 40 50

≤114.3 25 25 25 ≤114.3 30 50 60

≤139.7 25 25 25 ≤139.7 35 50 60

≤168.3 25 25 25 ≤168.3 35 50 60

≤219.1 25 25 25 ≤219.1 35 50 70

≤244.5 25 25 25 ≤244.5 40 60 70

≤273.0 25 25 25 ≤273.0 40 60 70

≤323.8 25 25 25 ≤323.8 40 60 70

≤355.6 30 30 30 ≤355.6 40 60 80

≤406.4 30 30 30 ≤406.4 50 60 80

≤457.0 40 40 40 ≤457.0 50 60 80

≤508.0 40 40 40 ≤508.0 50 70 80

≤559.0 40 40 40 ≤559.0 50 70 80

≤610.0 40 40 40 ≤610.0 50 - -

12 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 13


Table 10: Table 11:
Indicative thickness of insulation for cooled and chilled water systems to Indicative thickness of insulation for cooled and chilled water systems to
control heat gain - Low emissivity outer surface. control heat gain - High emissivity outer surface.
Emissivity = 0.05 Emissivity = 0.90

Outside diameter of RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) Outside diameter of RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)
pipe on which insulation pipe on which insulation
thickness has been based Cooled water ≥10°C Chilled water ≥5°C to <10°C Chilled water 0°C to < 5°C thickness has been based Cooled water ≥10°C Chilled water ≥5°C to <10°C Chilled water 0°C to < 5°C
(mm) t = 10°C t = 5°C t = 0°C (mm) t = 10°C t = 5°C t = 0°C

≤17.2 20 20 25 ≤17.2 20 25 30

≤21.3 20 20 25 ≤21.3 20 25 30

≤26.9 20 20 25 ≤26.9 25 30 30

≤33.7 20 25 30 ≤33.7 25 30 35

≤42.4 20 25 30 ≤42.4 25 30 35

≤48.3 20 25 30 ≤48.3 25 30 35

≤60.3 20 25 30 ≤60.3 25 35 40

≤76.1 20 30 40 ≤76.1 30 35 50

≤88.9 20 30 40 ≤88.9 30 35 50

≤114.3 25 30 40 ≤114.3 30 35 50

≤139.7 25 30 40 ≤139.7 30 40 50

≤168.3 25 30 40 ≤168.3 30 40 50

≤219.1 25 30 40 ≤219.1 30 40 50

≤273.0 25 30 40 ≤273.0 30 40 50

≥273.0 25 30 40 ≥273.0 30 40 50

14 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 15


Table 12:
Save time on
HVAC specification
Minimum insulation thickness for condensation control on ductwork carrying chilled
air in ambient conditions: indoor still air temperature +25°C, relative humidity 80%,
dew point temperature 21.3°C.

Minimum air
temperature
Minimum thickness (mm) with ROCK-EQ
Specify the right insulation for your
inside duct (°C) DuctSlab DuctWrap

ε = 0.05 ε = 0.44 ε = 0.90 ε = 0.05 ε = 0.44 ε = 0.90


HVAC systems with ROCK-EQ, the
15 40 40 40 40 25 25 HVAC calculation tool from
10 50 40 40 50 25 25 ROCKWOOL.
5 80 (40+40) 40 40 65 (40+25) 40 25

0 90 (50+40) 50 40 90 (50+40) 50 40

Table 13:
Indicative thickness of insulation for ductwork carrying warm air to control heat loss.

Minimum thickness (mm)

DuctSlab DuctWrap

ε = 0.05 ε = 0.44 ε = 0.90 ε = 0.05 ε = 0.44 ε = 0.90


A comprehensive report in a few simple steps
40 40 50 40 40 40
The online tool produces detailed, project-specific Save time, money and energy
calculation reports and recommendations from the
As well as advising the thickness of insulation for
ROCKWOOL HVAC range in a matter of minutes.
Table 14: maximum energy efficiency in line with BS EN ISO
ROCK-EQ determines the optimum thickness 12241, ROCK-EQ also identifies where specifiers
Indicative thickness of insulation for chilled and dual-purpose ducting to control of insulation for maximum energy efficiency and can make financial savings by using a known
generates an in-depth calculation report that’s thickness while still maintaining performance and
heat transfer.
ideal for project specification documentation. compliance standards.

Minimum thickness (mm) Saving specifiers’ time, ROCK-EQ has standard The tool shows the energy savings that can be
pipe sizes, equipment materials and common made by insulating equipment and features an
DuctSlab DuctWrap claddings already built-in, or specific data can be estimate for installation works.
inputted for non-standard options.
ε = 0.05 ε = 0.44 ε = 0.90 ε = 0.05 ε = 0.44 ε = 0.90
ROCK-EQ can be used to determine insulation Get started with ROCK-EQ at:
80 (40+40) 80 (40+40) 80 (40+40) 50 65 (40+25) 65 (40+25) thickness for requirements including:
• Condensation control
• Heat gain
• Heat loss
• Personnel protection
• Protection against freezing

rockwool.com/uk/rock-eq

16 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 17


Table 15A: Table 15B:
Base level thickness of insulation for non-domestic heating services to control Enhanced level thickness of insulation for non-domestic heating services to
heat loss - Low emissivity outer surfaces. control heat loss - Low emissivity outer surfaces.

Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.05) Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.05)
thickness has been based (mm) Low temperature heating services (≤ 95°C) thickness has been based (mm) Low temperature heating services (≤ 95°C)
t = 75°C t = 75°C
RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)

≤17.2 25 ≤17.2 35

≤21.3 30 ≤21.3 35

≤26.9 35 ≤26.9 40

≤33.7 35 ≤33.7 50

≤42.4 35 ≤42.4 50

≤48.3 40 ≤48.3 50

≤60.3 40 ≤60.3 50

≤76.1 50 ≤76.1 60

≤88.9 50 ≤88.9 60

≤114.3 50 ≤114.3 70

≤139.7 50 ≤139.7 70

≤168.3 50 ≤168.3 70

≤219.1 50 ≤219.1 70

≤273.0 50 ≤273.0 70

≥273.0 50 ≥273.0 70

18 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 19


Table 16A: Table 16B:
Base level thickness of insulation for non-domestic heating services to Enhanced level thickness of insulation for non-domestic heating services to
control heat loss - High emissivity outer surfaces. control heat loss - High emissivity outer surfaces.

Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation High emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.90) Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation High emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.90)
thickness has been based (mm) Low temperature heating services (≤ 95°C) thickness has been based (mm) Low temperature heating services (≤ 95°C)
t = 75°C t = 75°C
RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)

≤17.2 30 ≤17.2 40

≤21.3 35 ≤21.3 40

≤26.9 40 ≤26.9 50

≤33.7 40 ≤33.7 50

≤42.4 40 ≤42.4 50

≤48.3 50 ≤48.3 60

≤60.3 50 ≤60.3 60

≤76.1 50 ≤76.1 70

≤88.9 50 ≤88.9 70

≤114.3 60 ≤114.3 70

≤139.7 60 ≤139.7 70

≤168.3 60 ≤168.3 80

≤219.1 60 ≤219.1 80

≤273.0 60 ≤273.0 80

≥273.0 60 ≥273.0 80

20 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 21


Table 17A: Table 17B:
Base level thickness of insulation for non-domestic hot water service areas to Enhanced level thickness of insulation for non-domestic hot water service areas to
control heat loss - Low emissivity outer surfaces. control heat loss - Low emissivity outer surfaces.

Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.05) Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.05)
thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C
RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)

≤17.2 25 ≤17.2 30

≤21.3 25 ≤21.3 35

≤26.9 30 ≤26.9 35

≤33.7 30 ≤33.7 40

≤42.4 30 ≤42.4 40

≤48.3 35 ≤48.3 40

≤60.3 35 ≤60.3 50

≤76.1 40 ≤76.1 50

≤88.9 40 ≤88.9 50

≤114.3 40 ≤114.3 60

≤139.7 40 ≤139.7 60

≤168.3 40 ≤168.3 60

≤219.1 40 ≤219.1 60

≤273.0 50 ≤273.0 60

≥273.0 50 ≥273.0 60

22 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 23


Table 18A: Table 18B:
Base level thickness of insulation for non-domestic hot water service areas to Enhanced level thickness of insulation for non-domestic hot water service areas to
control heat loss - High emissivity outer surfaces. control heat loss - High emissivity outer surfaces.

Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation High emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.9) Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation High emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.9)
thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C
RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)

≤17.2 30 ≤17.2 35

≤21.3 30 ≤21.3 40

≤26.9 35 ≤26.9 40

≤33.7 35 ≤33.7 50

≤42.4 35 ≤42.4 50

≤48.3 40 ≤48.3 50

≤60.3 40 ≤60.3 50

≤76.1 50 ≤76.1 60

≤88.9 50 ≤88.9 60

≤114.3 50 ≤114.3 60

≤139.7 50 ≤139.7 60

≤168.3 50 ≤168.3 70

≤219.1 50 ≤219.1 70

≤273.0 50 ≤273.0 70

≥273.0 50 ≥273.0 70

24 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 25


Table 19A: Table 19C:
Base level thickness of insulation for domestic heating and hot water systems Indicative thickness of insulation for district heating systems having low emissivity
having low emissivity outer surfaces. outer surfaces (secondary system).

Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.05) Outside diameter of pipe on which Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.05)
thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C insulation thickness has been based t = 55°C
(mm)
RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) RockLap H&V Layers (Diameter x thickness)
Pipe Section (mm)
≤15 20 Inner Outer

≤22 20 ≤21.3 50 21x50 -

≤28 20 ≤26.9 50 27x50 -

≤35 20 ≤33.7 70 34x70 -

≤42 20 ≤42.4 80 42x80 -

≤54 20 ≤48.3 90 48x90 -

≥54 20 ≤60.3 100 60x100 -

≤76.1 105 76x70 219x35

Table 19B: ≤88.9 110 89x30 150x80

≥88.9 110 - -
Enhanced level thickness of insulation for domestic heating and hot water systems
having low emissivity outer surfaces.
Table 20A:
Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.05)
thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C Base level thickness of insulation for domestic heating and hot water systems
RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)
having high emissivity outer surfaces.
≤15 20
Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation High emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.9)
≤22 20 thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C

≤28 25 RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)

≤35 25 ≤15 20

≤42 25 ≤22 20

≤54 30 ≤28 25

≥54 30 ≤35 25

≤42 25

≤54 25

≥54 25

26 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 27


Table 20B: Alternative guidance to BS 5422
Enhanced level thickness of insulation for domestic heating and hot water systems CIBSE publish a document titled 'CP1 Code of Practice for Heat Networks', in which they specify the insulation
requirements shown below.
having high emissivity outer surfaces.
CIBSE CP1 3.9.7:
Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation High emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.9)
thickness has been based (mm) t = 60°C Minimum insulation thicknesses for pipework in internal and external spaces.
RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)
Outside diameter of pipe on which insulation High emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.9)
≤15 20 thickness has been based (mm) t = 55°C
≤22 25 RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)

≤28 30 20 50

≤35 30 25 50

≤42 30 32 50

≤54 35 40 50

≥54 35 50 60

65 60

Table 20C: 80 60

Indicative thickness of insulation for district heating systems having high emissivity
outer surfaces (secondary system).

Outside diameter of pipe on which Low emissivity outer surface (ε = 0.9)


insulation thickness has been based t = 55°C
(mm)
RockLap H&V Layers (Diameter x thickness)
Pipe Section (mm)
Inner Outer

≤21.3 50 21x50 -

≤26.9 60 27x60 -

≤33.7 80 34x80 -

≤42.4 80 42x80 -

≤48.3 100 48x100 -

≤60.3 100 60x20 102x80

≤76.1 120 76x70 219x50

≤88.9 120 89x70 230x50

≥88.9 120 - -

28 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 29


Table 22: Table 23:
Minimum insulation thickness to control the surface temperature of a non-metallic Minimum insulation thickness to control the surface temperature of a metallic
surface with a surface emissivity of 0.90 and design cold face temperature of 59°C. surface with a surface emissivity of 0.05 and design cold face temperature of 50°C.
Emissivity = 0.9 Emissivity = 0.05

Outside diameter of pipe on which RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) Outside diameter of pipe on which RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)
insulation thickness has been based insulation thickness has been based
(mm) t = 100°C t = 200°C (mm) t = 100°C t = 200°C

≤17.2 20 20 ≤17.2 20 25

≤21.3 20 20 ≤21.3 20 25

≤26.9 20 20 ≤26.9 20 25

≤33.7 20 20 ≤33.7 20 30

≤42.4 20 20 ≤42.4 20 30

≤48.3 20 20 ≤48.3 20 35

≤60.3 20 20 ≤60.3 20 35

≤76.1 25 25 ≤76.1 25 40

≤88.9 25 25 ≤88.9 25 40

≤101.6 25 25 ≤101.6 25 40

≤114.3 25 25 ≤114.3 25 50

≤139.7 25 25 ≤139.7 25 50

≤168.3 25 25 ≤168.3 25 50

≤219.1 25 25 ≤219.1 25 60

≤244.5 25 25 ≤244.5 25 60

≤273.0 25 25 ≤273.0 25 60

≤323.8 25 25 ≤323.8 25 60

≤355.6 30 30 ≤355.6 30 60

≤406.4 30 30 ≤406.4 30 60

≤457.0 40 40 ≤457.0 40 70

≤508.0 40 40 ≤508.0 40 70

≤559.0 40 40 ≤559.0 40 70

≤610.0 40 40 ≤610.0 40 70

Flat surfaces 40 40 Flat surfaces 40 70

30 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 31


Table 24: Table 29:
Minimum insulation thickness to control the surface temperature of a non-metallic Minimum insulation thickness required to give protection against freezing
surface with a surface emissivity of 0.90 and design cold face temperature of 50°C. under specified commercial and institutional conditions.
Emissivity = 0.9 Outside diameter of pipe (mm) Inside diameter of RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)
pipe (bore) (mm)
Outside diameter of pipe on which RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) Indoor Outdoor
insulation thickness has been based
(mm) t = 100°C t = 200°C Copper pipes

≤17.2 20 20 ≥15 13.6 60* -

≤21.3 20 20 ≥22 20.2 20 50

≤26.9 20 20 ≥28 26.2 20 25

≤33.7 20 20 ≥35 32.6 20 20

≤42.4 20 20 ≥42 39.6 20 20

≤48.3 20 20 ≥54 51.6 20 20

≤60.3 20 20 ≥76.1 73.1 25 25

≤76.1 25 25 ≥108 105 25 25

≤88.9 25 25 *17x20 + 60x40

≤101.6 25 25 Steel pipes

≤114.3 25 25 ≥21.3 21.3 40 140*

≤139.7 25 25 ≥26.9 26.9 20 50

≤168.3 25 25 ≥33.7 33.7 20 25

≤219.1 25 25 ≥42.4 42.4 20 20

≤244.5 25 25 ≥48.3 48.3 20 20

≤273.0 25 25 ≥60.3 60.3 20 20

≤323.8 25 25 ≥76.1 76.1 25 25

≤355.6 30 30 ≥88.9 88.9 25 25

≤406.4 30 30 *21x40 + 102x100

≤457.0 40 40

≤508.0 40 40

≤559.0 40 40

≤610.0 40 40

Flat surfaces 40 40

32 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 33


Table 30: Table 31:
Minimum insulation thickness to protect against freezing - Selected domestic Minimum insulation thickness to protect against freezing - Selected domestic
cold water systems (12-hour period). cold water systems (8-hour period).

Outside diameter Inside diameter RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm) Outside diameter Inside diameter RockLap H&V Pipe Section (mm)
of pipe (mm) of pipe (bore) (mm) Inside Building of pipe (mm) of pipe (bore) (mm) Inside Building

Inside thermal envelope Inside thermal envelope Inside thermal envelope Inside thermal envelope

Copper pipes Copper pipes

≥15 13.6 50* 60* ≥15 13.6 25 25

≥22 20.2 20 20 ≥22 20.2 20 20

≥28 26.2 20 20 ≥28 26.2 20 20

≥35 32.6 20 20 ≥35 32.6 20 20

≥42 39.6 20 20 ≥42 39.6 20 20

≥54 51.6 20 20 ≥54 51.6 20 20

≥76.1 73.1 25 25 ≥76.1 73.1 25 25

≥108 105 25 25 ≥108 105 25 25

*17x20 + 60x30 *17x20 + 60x40


Steel pipes
Steel pipes
≥21.3 21.3 20 20
≥21.3 21.3 35 40
≥26.9 26.9 20 20
≥26.9 26.9 20 20
≥33.7 33.7 20 20
≥33.7 33.7 20 20
≥42.4 42.4 20 20
≥42.4 42.4 20 20
≥48.3 48.3 20 20
≥48.3 48.3 20 20
≥60.3 60.3 20 20
≥60.3 60.3 20 20
≥76.1 76.1 25 25
≥76.1 76.1 25 25
≥88.9 88.9 25 25
≥88.9 88.9 25 25

34 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 35


What is sustainable Further Reading
HVAC design? Building Services and HVAC Insulation Resource Hub
www.rockwool.com/uk/resources-and-tools/resource-hubs/hvac-resource-hub/
Energy efficiency and sustainability by HVAC Insulation

design are clear priorities in modern www.rockwool.com/uk/products-and-applications/hvac-insulation/

building design, and both passive and HVAC Systems Guide


www.rockwool.com/uk/resources-and-tools/resource-hubs/hvac-resource-hub/#hvacbook
active measures are a factor. Red Book
www.rockwool.com/uk/redbook

CPDs
www.rockwool.com/uk/cpd

Loss of heat from HVAC installations results in  hermal performance, with lambda values as
• T
wasted energy, higher energy costs and increased low as 0.032 W/mK*, supports energy efficiency
carbon emissions. This can negatively impact and reduces heat gains and losses
building occupants, building owners and the
• A
 ll while maintaining an Euroclass A1
surrounding environment. Minimising heat gains
(non-combustible) reaction-to-fire rating:
and losses in pipe systems increases efficiency so
heating and cooling processes are not overworked. Euroclass Combustibility

A dual approach is recommended to achieve A1


truly sustainable HVAC design. This includes Non-combustible
A2-s1, d0
ensuring thermal performance which improves
B
the long-term energy efficiency of a building,
but also sustainability by selecting responsible C
manufacturers and products with proven D Combustible
credentials.
E

Our sustainability credentials F

ROCKWOOL stone wool insulation delivers


*ROCKWOOL NyRock solutions: www.rockwool.com/uk/nyrock
against a series of sustainability criteria:
• N
 et carbon negative, saving over 100 times
more CO2 over the course of its lifetime than
was omitted during its production To find out
more about the
• 1
 00% recyclable, part of a circular production
sustainability of
process which sees old product processed
ROCKWOOL
into new insulation
stone wool, and
 roven to retain its insulation
• P ROCKWOOL
properties,including its thermal performance, as an organisation,
for over 65 years
please visit:
rockwool.com/uk/sustainability

36 Guide to BS 5422:2023 Guide to BS 5422:2023 37


Sedptember 2023

ROCKWOOL Limited
Pencoed
Bridgend
CF35 6NY
Tel: 01656 862 621
[email protected] Version 1.01 September 2023.
rockwool.com/uk © ROCKWOOL 2023. All rights reserved.

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