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    6 8 S8 LAS Q4 Week 6 Pempena

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    Ayela Kim Pili
    The document summarizes three nutrient cycles that occur within ecosystems: 1) The oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration, where plants take in CO2 and release O2 while animals do the opposite. 2) The water cycle involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation and precipitation to circulate water around the environment. 3) The nitrogen cycle transforms atmospheric nitrogen into biologically useful forms through fixation, assimilation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification.

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    6 8 S8 LAS Q4 Week 6 Pempena

    Uploaded by

    Ayela Kim Pili
    14 views5 pages
    The document summarizes three nutrient cycles that occur within ecosystems: 1) The oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration, where plants take in CO2 and release O2 while animals do the opposite. 2) The water cycle involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation and precipitation to circulate water around the environment. 3) The nitrogen cycle transforms atmospheric nitrogen into biologically useful forms through fixation, assimilation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification.

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    6-8-S8-LAS-Q4-Week-6-Pempena

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    The document summarizes three nutrient cycles that occur within ecosystems: 1) The oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration, where plants take in CO2 and release O2 while animals do the opposite. 2) The water cycle involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation and precipitation to circulate water around the environment. 3) The nitrogen cycle transforms atmospheric nitrogen into biologically useful forms through fixation, assimilation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    14 views5 pages

    6 8 S8 LAS Q4 Week 6 Pempena

    Uploaded by

    Ayela Kim Pili
    The document summarizes three nutrient cycles that occur within ecosystems: 1) The oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle involves photosynthesis and respiration, where plants take in CO2 and release O2 while animals do the opposite. 2) The water cycle involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation and precipitation to circulate water around the environment. 3) The nitrogen cycle transforms atmospheric nitrogen into biologically useful forms through fixation, assimilation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification.

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    of 5

    Republic of the Philippines

    Department of Education
    Region V
    _SCHOOLS Division of Camarines Sur
    SCIENCE 8
    :
    Name: _________Quarter: 4 Week: 6
    Grade Level/Section: __________Date: _ ________

    CYCLING OF MATERIALS IN THE ECOSYSTEMS

    I. Introductory Concept

    To sustain life indefinitely within an


    ecosystem, energy must be continuously
    supplied and essential chemical
    elements or nutrients must be cycled
    between the abiotic (nonliving) and
    biotic (living) components. The
    movement of chemicals within an
    ecosystem can be summed up as a
    network of linked reservoirs. It begins with
    the initial flux (transfer) of materials from
    https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.g the environment to living things. When
    eo.fu-berlin
    Figure 1. Nutrient Cycle
    living things die, the organic materials
    from their bodies are acted upon by the
    decomposers to form inorganic compounds that are released into the environment.
    From the environment, these materials important can be recycled back to the
    organisms. The elements in various forms flow from the nonliving to the living
    components of the biosphere and back to the nonliving components. Nutrient
    cycles link living organisms with living organisms, living organisms with the non-living
    organisms and non-living organisms with non-living organisms. This is essential because
    all organisms depend on one another and is vital for the survival of living organisms.
    Materials in the ecosystem cycle constantly. This cycling of materials includes
    the oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle, the water cycle and the nitrogen cycle.

    II. Learning Skills/Competency


    Analyze the roles of organisms in the cycling of materials (S8LT-IVi-23)
    Explain how materials cycle in an ecosystem (S8LT-IVi-24)

    III. Activities

    Activity 1. The Cycling of Materials in the Ecosystem


    1
    Direction: Read and understand the descriptions and illustrations of the following
    cycling of materials: oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle, the water cycle and nitrogen
    cycle and answer the guide questions that follows.

    The Oxygen-Carbon Dioxide Cycle


    Organisms use and produce gases in photosynthesis and respiration.
    These gases flow through organisms and the environment in a cyclic
    process called the oxygen-carbon dioxide cycle (see figure 2). This
    cycle shows the interdependence among organisms for these
    important gases.
    When plants photosynthesize, they use carbon-dioxide and produce
    oxygen. Oxygen produced by plants in photosynthesis is used by
    animals when they respire; animals in turn produce carbon dioxide.
    Like animals, plants also carry out the process of respiration. During
    respiration, plants use oxygen and produce cardon dioxide.

    Animals take in oxygen from the atmosphere and give off carbon
    dioxide during respiration. This occurs day and night. Plants, however,
    give off oxygen and take in carbon dioxide when they photosynthesize
    during the day. At night, when plants are in darkness and cannot
    photosynthesize, they “breathe” just like animals. They take in oxygen
    and give off carbon dioxide.

    https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Oxygen-Cycle-min.png
    Figure 2. The Oxygen-Carbon Dioxide Cycle

    Notice that plants and animals depend on each other for these important gases. Plants
    produce oxygen needed by animals. In turn, animals produce carbon dioxide needed
    by plants.

    Guide Questions:

    1. What is the cycle all about?


    __________________________________________________________________________________

    2
    2. What do animals inhale? What do plants take in during the process?
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    3. How is carbon dioxide removed from the air? Returned to the air?
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    4. Why is the cycle important to the ecosystem?
    _______________________________________________________________________________

    The Water Cycle


    Water circulates around the environment - the oceans, land, air and living organisms.
    The cycling process involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation, and precipitation.
    When solar energy warms the Earth’s surface, water evaporates from the oceans, rivers,
    lakes and land. The escape of water through leaf pores (transpiration) adds water vapor to
    the atmosphere. Upon cooling at higher altitude, water vapor condenses and forms clouds.
    Eventually, precipitation occurs in the form of rain or snow. On land, plant roots absorb
    water. In tropical rainforest, over 90% of moisture is cycled through transpiration in plants.
    Some water seeps downwards and replenishes the ground water. The excess eventually
    overflows into the oceans and the water cycle or hydrologic cycle continues.

    https://i.pinimg.com/originals/c3/3c/6e/c33c6eefa880693a30ae96bf09323ec4.jpg

    Figure 3. The Hydrologic Cycle

    Guide Questions:
    1. What is the cycle all about?
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    2. What are the processes involved in the cycle?
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    3. How does the water cycle maintain the quantity of water on Earth?
    __________________________________________________________________________________
    4. Cite evidences that water cycle is important to human beings.
    _________________________________________________________________________________
    3
    The Nitrogen Cycle
    Air in the atmosphere is approximately 78% nitrogen. Nitrogen is essential for many
    processes. It is vital to life on earth. Proteins, the most abundant organic compounds in
    living systems are composed of building blocks called amino acids. These amino acids are
    made up of the fundamental elements- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. The
    element nitrogen is also present in the bases that make up the nucleic acid DNA and RNA.
    However, atmospheric nitrogen is not readily available for biological use. It must first
    be transformed or converted into forms usable to living things. The processes involved in this
    conversion constitute the Nitrogen Cycle.
    Processes in the Nitrogen Cycle
    Nitrogen Fixation – here atmospheric nitrogen must be “fixed” for plant use either by
    lightning or bacteria (Nitrogen-fixing bacteria) found the legume plants to transform it to
    nitrate (NO3-) or ammonia (NH3).
    Assimilation – plants absorb nitrate and ammonia from the soil through their root hairs. The
    nitrate absorbed is first reduced to nitrite (NO 2-) ions then to ammonium ions (NH4-) for
    incorporation into amino acids, nucleic acids and chlorophyll. Animals can only assimilate
    organic nitrogen by eating plants or other animals.
    Ammonification – When plants and animals die, the nitrogen in their bodies are acted upon
    by decomposers such as bacteria or fungi to convert it back into ammonium (NH 4-) in a
    process called ammonification.
    Nitrification – ammonia is converted to nitrite (NO2-), then nitrate (NO3-). Most of the
    ammonium in the soil is used as energy source by certain soil-giving bacteria in the species
    group of Nitrosomonas, oxidizing ammonium to nitrite. Other groups of bacterial species
    such as Nitrobacter then to oxidize nitrite to nitrate. This is important process that prevents
    accumulation of nitrites in the soil. Nitrates are toxic to plant life.
    Denitrification – some bacteria in the soil belonging to the species of Pseudomonas and
    Clostridium obtain their needed oxygen from nitrates, thus, reducing nitrates back to
    nitrogen gas (N2), returning it to the atmosphere and completing the cycle.

    https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Nitrogen-cycle-11.png
    Figure 4. The Nitrogen Cycle
    4
    Guide Questions:

    1. What is the diagram all about?


    ______________________________________________________________________________
    2. Why do living things need nitrogen?
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    3. How many percent of nitrogen is present in the air?
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    4. How do plants get nitrogen they need? How about the animals?
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    5. How are nitrogen compounds removed from the soil? Returned to the soil?
    _______________________________________________________________________________

    IV. References

    Baguio S. et. al. (2013). Breaking Through Science, C & E, Pubblishing, Inc.
    Prototype and Contextualized Daily Lesson Plans in Grade 8 Science
    Campo P., et. al. (2013), Science 8Learners Module, Deped-BLR
    https://blogs.ntu.edu.sg/hp331-2014-29/?page_id=108
    https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geo.fu-
    berlin.de%2Fen%2Fv%2Fiwrm%2FImplementation%2Fwater_and_the_physical_environment
    %2FNutrient-Cycle%2Findex.html&psig=AOvVaw1bnBef14EG1u-
    Vl9vcbJze&ust=1620437335403000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAMQjB1qFwoTCICP_d
    S1tvACFQAAAAAdAAAAABAI

    Prepared by: RODOLFO A. PEMPEÑA II


    Writer

    Quality Assured by: EMILY B. ESMABE


    Education Program Supervisor-1, Science

    Address: Freedom Sports Complex, San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur


    Email: [email protected]
    Website: www.depedcamsur.com
    Telephone No.: (telefax) 8713340

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