Media and

Information Literacy
Quarter 2 – Module 5:
Media and Information, Then and Now

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 Lesson
Evolution of Media
5
An important development with the growth of digital media has been the move
from a traditional communication model of ‘one to many’, characteristic of print and broadcast
media, to a ‘peer to peer’ model that facilitates collaborative creation and sharing of content.
As content is digitized, it becomes accessible from a multitude of devices, including radio,
television, personal computer and, perhaps most importantly, the mobile phone, which is
emerging as the dominant platform for delivering content of all kinds. The digitalization of
voice, image, sound and data – known as convergence – is creating new opportunities for
interaction. This lesson will talk about the media development breakthrough with the human
history.

What I Need to Know

Learning objectives
In this lesson, you will:
• Identify traditional media and new media, and their relationships.
MIL11/12EMIL-IIIb-5 (Activity 4.1);
• Examine the technology or resources available during the prehistoric age,
the industrial age, the electronic age, and the new or digital age ;
• Identify the devices used by people to communicate with each other, store
information, and broadcast information across the different ages (Activity
4.2);
• Editorialize the roles and functions of media in democratic society.
MIL11/12EMIL-IIIb-6 (Activity 4.3)
• Search and look up the latest theories on information and media.
MIL11/12EMIL-IIIb-7
 What’s New
Activity 4.1 Traditional to New Media

“ Titanic, in full Royal Mail Ship (RMS) Titanic,

British luxury passenger liner that sank on April 14–15,
1912, during its maiden voyage, en route to New York
City from Southampton, England, killing about 1,500
passengers and ship personnel. One of the most famous
tragedies in modern history, it inspired numerous stories,
several films, and a musical and has been the subject of
much scholarship and scientific speculation.” RMS Titanic departing Southampton on 10 April 1912. Retrieved
from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RMS_Titanic_3.jpg
Source: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Titanic
Contributed by: Amy Tikkanen
Retrieved on : May 22, 2020

What is It
Discussion
More than 1,500 people died in the sinking of the Titanic, but more than 700 survived.
Those who did owed their escape to the newest communications technology of the time:
wireless telegraphy.
Media fulfills several basic roles in our society. One obvious role is entertainment.
Media can act as a springboard for our imaginations, a source of fantasy, and an outlet for
escapism. It can also provide information and education. Information can come in many forms,
and it may sometimes be difficult to separate from entertainment. Today, newspapers and
news-oriented television and radio programs make available stories from across the globe,
allowing readers or viewers in London to access voices and videos from our country or
neighboring nations. Books and magazines provide a more in-depth look at a wide range of
subjects. Similarly, it can be used to monitor government, business, and other institutions.
These are how media and information has evolved throughout history. It is described
into four ages.

Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s) - People discovered fire, developed paper from plants,
and forged weapons and tools with stone, bronze, copper and iron. Examples:
• Cave paintings (35,000 BC) • Clay tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC)
• Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC) • Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC)
• Dibao in China (2nd Century) • Codex in the Mayan region (5th Century)
• Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD)
Industrial Age (1700s-1930s) - People used the power of steam, developed machine tools,
established iron production, and the manufacturing of various products (including books
through the printing press). Examples:
• Printing press for mass production (19th century) • Newspaper- The London Gazette
(1640)
• Typewriter (1800)Telephone (1876) • Commercial motion pictures (1913)
• Motion picture photography/projection (1890) • Telegraph
• Motion picture with sound (1926) • Punch cards
Electronic Age (1930s-1980s) - The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age.
People harnessed the power of transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits,
and the early computers. In this age, long distance communication became more efficient.
 Examples:
• Transistor Radio • Television (1941)
• Large electronic computers- i.e. • Mainframe computers - i.e. IBM 704(1960)
EDSAC (1949) and UNIVAC 1 (1951)
• Personal computers - i.e. Hewlett- • OHP, LCD projectors
Packard 9100A (1968), Apple 1 (1976)
Information Age (1900s-2000s) - The Internet paved the way for faster communication and
the creation of the social network. People advanced the use of microelectronics with the
invention of personal computers, mobile devices, and wearable technology. Moreover, voice,
image, sound and data are digitalized. We are now living in the information age. Examples:
• Web browsers: Mosaic (1993), • Blogs: Blogspot (1999), LiveJournal
(1999), Wordpress (2003) • Smart phones
Internet Explorer (1995) • Cloud and Big Data
• Social networks: Friendster (2002), • Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr (2007)
Multiply (2003), Facebook (2004)
Video: YouTube (2005) • Wearable technology
• Video chat: Skype (2003), Google • Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality
Hangouts (2013)
• Search Engines: Google (1996), • Portable computers- laptops (1980),
Yahoo (1995) netbooks (2008), tablets (1993)

As Briggs and Burke note, these advances meant that “hundreds of thousands of components could
be carried on a microprocessor.” The reduction of many different kinds of content to digitally stored
information meant that “print, film, recording, radio and television and all forms of telecommunications
[were] now being thought of increasingly as part of one complex.” This process, also known as
convergence, is a force that’s affecting media today.
ROLES OF MEDIA IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
Transitions from one technology to another have greatly affected the media, although
it is difficult to say whether technology caused a cultural shift or resulted from it. The role of
the media is vital in generating a democratic culture that extends beyond the political system
and becomes engrained in the public consciousness over time.
Media fulfills several roles in our democratic society, including the following:
1. Channel . It provides opportunities for people to communicate, share ideas,
speculate, tell stories and give information.
2. Watchdog. It exposes corrupt practices of the government and the private sector.
Creating a space wherein governance is challenged or scrutinized by the
governed. It also guarantees free and fair elections.
3. Resource center. It acts as a gateway of information for the society’s
consumption. Also, it becomes a keeper of memories of the community, preserver
of heritage and source of academic knowledge.
4. Advocate. Through its diverse sources or formats, it bridges the gap of digital
divide.
Media act as a catalyst for democracy and development, helping to make public
participation meaningful. If media is honest and committed in its job, democracy is bound to
function more efficiently and the loopholes present in any democratic system can certainly be
plugged to the fullest satisfaction of the people.

On the contrary, if media is biased, corrupt and favors only a particular party or few
individuals, it can prove to be very dangerous for the smooth functioning of democracy. No
one can become perfect and one can only strive to become so. The same holds true for our
media also. Certainly, there is still a lot of scope for improvement by which the media can rise
upon the aspirations of the people for which it is primarily meant
 What’s New
Activity 4.4

What you will do

Activity 4.3 Your Internet Usage Matters

The human population was estimated to be 7.6 billion at the turn of the
year, using an estimate 8.1 billion devices connected to the Internet. In
your notebook, try to answer the following:
1. How often do you use the internet on any device/in any place?
2. Do any factor/s limit or prevent your use of the internet?
3. Can you enumerate the different ways you have known on how to
use the internet?
4. Aside from the entertainment purposes, do you find a positive
potential on using the internet?
5. Explain briefly the concept of Internet of Things (IoT).

What you will do

Activity 4.4 Your Thoughts Count

Instruction: Make a Cartoon analysis of the given illustration. Write your answer in a
separate sheet of paper.

What can you say about this?

 What is It
Discussion

INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT)

Mobile networks already deliver connectivity to a broad range of devices, enabling the
development of innovative new services and applications. This new wave of connectivity is going
beyond tablets and laptops; to connected cars and buildings; TVs and game consoles; smart
meters and traffic control; with the prospect of intelligently connecting almost anything and anyone.
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to the use of intelligently connected devices and
systems to leverage data gathered by embedded sensors and actuators in machines and other
physical objects.
By which mobile operators have identified the following key distinctive features:
1. The Internet of Things can enable the next wave of life-enhancing services across
several fundamental sectors of the economy.
2. Meeting the needs of customers may require global distribution models and consistent
global services.
3. The Internet of Things presents an opportunity for new commercial models to support
mass global deployments.
4. The majority of revenue will arise from the provision of value-added services and
mobile operators are building new capabilities to enable these new service areas.
5. Device and application behaviour will place new and varying demands on mobile
networks.
A common understanding of the distinctive nature of this nascent opportunity should help
hasten this development. This has believed to be full blown in the next decade. The figure
depicts a Smart City.
 Source: McKinsey internal research, GSMA

The IoT will also help widen access and improve quality of education and health

In education, mobile-enabled solutions will tailor the learning process to each student’s needs,
improving overall proficiency levels, while linking virtual and physical classrooms to make
learning more convenient and accessible

The Internet of Things promises to deliver a step change in individuals’ quality of life
and enterprises’ productivity. Through a widely distributed, locally intelligent network of smart
devices, the IoT has the potential to enable extensions and enhancements to fundamental
services in transportation, logistics, security, utilities, education, healthcare and other areas,
while providing a new ecosystem for application development.
Inasmuch, information overload might be the challenge of the incoming generation. As
an empowered SHS student, truly your role is to enhance your media and information literacy
in order for you to be secured in this digital- driven world.
 What’s More
Enrichment
Activity 4.5: Traditional Media VS New Media

The table shows the description of both kinds of media. In a separate paper, write
the correct description that it refers to. Follow the given table below.

✓ Media experience is limited.

✓ Media experience is more interactive.
✓ One-directional.
✓ Audiences are more involved and can response simultaneously.
✓ Sense receptors used are very specific( i.e., print media – sight, radio –
hearing, TV and films – sight and hearing)
✓ Integrates all aspect of old media.
✓ It includes social networking sites, blogs, podcasts, wikis, and virtual
worlds.
✓ It is much more of a two way affair and it allows consumers and users to
get more involved

Traditional Media is ….. New Media is …….