ISHRAE HVAC DATABOOK WATER / STEAM PIPING DESIGN AND MATERIALS 3.

17

Table 3.17 : Fitting Losses in Equivalent Metres of Pipe

Smooth Bend Elbows Smooth Bend
end Tees
Straight - Through Flow
Flow
900 900 Long 900 450 450 1800 No
Through Reduced Reduced
Nominal Stda Radb Streeta Stda Streetb Stda Reduc-
Branch 1/4 1/2
Pipe of tion
Tube
Size, mm

10 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.3 0.4 0.4
15 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.2 0.4 0.8 1.9 0.3 0.4 0.5
20 0.6 0.4 1.0 0.3 0.5 1.0 1.2 0.4 0.6 0.6
25 0.8 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.5 0.5 0.7 0.8
32 1.0 0.7 1.7 0.5 0.9 1.7 2.1 0.7 0.9 1.0
40 1.2 0.8 1.9 0.6 1.0 1.9 2.4 0.8 1.1 1.2
50 1.5 1.0 2.5 0.8 1.4 2.5 3.0 1.0 1.4 1.5
65 1.8 1.2 3.0 1.0 1.6 3.0 3.7 1.2 1.7 1.8
80 2.3 1.5 3.7 1.2 2.0 3.7 4.6 1.5 2.1 2.3
90 2.7 1.8 4.6 1.4 2.2 4.6 5.5 1.8 2.4 2.7
100 3.0 2.0 5.2 1.6 2.6 5.2 6.4 2.0 2.7 3.0
125 4.0 2.5 6.4 2.0 3.4 6.4 7.6 2.5 3.7 4.0
150 4.9 3.0 7.6 2.4 4.0 7.6 9 3.0 4.3 4.9
200 6.1 4.0 - 3.0 - 10 12 4.0 5.5 6.1
250 7.6 4.9 - 4.0 - 13 15 4.9 7.0 7.6
300 9.1 5.8 - 4.9 - 15 18 5.8 7.9 9.1
350 10 7.0 - 5.5 - 17 21 7.0 9.1 10
400 12 7.9 - 6.1 - 19 24 7.9 11 12
450 13 8.8 - 7.0 - 21 26 8.8 12 13
500 15 10 - 7.9 - 25 30 10 13 15
600 18 12 - 9.1 - 29 35 12 15 18
a
R/D approximately equal to 1 b
R/D approximately equal to 1.5

Table 3.18 : Special Fitting Losses in Equivalent Metres of Pipe

Sudden Enlargement, d/D Sudden Contraction d/D Sharp Edge Pipe Protection
1/4 1/2 3/4 1/4 1/2 3/4 Entrance Exit Entrance Exit
Nominal
Pipe of
Tube
Size, mm

10 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.2 0.5 0.3
15 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5
20 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.9 0.7
25 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.2 1.1 0.5 1.1 0.8
32 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.3 1.6 0.8 1.6 1.3
40 1.8 1.1 0.4 0.9 0.7 0.4 2.0 1.0 2.0 1.5
50 2.4 1.5 0.5 1.2 0.9 0.5 2.7 0.3 2.7 2.1
65 3.0 1.9 0.6 1.5 1.2 0.6 3.7 1.7 3.7 2.7
80 4.0 2.4 0.8 2.0 1.5 0.8 4.3 2.2 4.3 3.8
90 4.6 2.8 0.9 2.3 1.8 0.9 5.2 2.6 5.2 4.0
100 5.2 3.4 1.2 2.7 2.1 1.2 6.1 3.0 6.1 4.9
125 7.3 4.6 1.5 3.7 2.7 1.5 8.2 4.3 8.2 6.1
150 8.8 6.7 1.8 4.6 3.4 1.8 10 5.8 10 7.6
200 - 7.6 1.8 - 4.6 2.6 14 7.3 14 10
250 - 9.8 2.6 - 6.1 3.4 18 8.8 18 14
300 - 12.4 3.4 - 7.6 4.0 22 11 22 17
350 - - 4.0 - - 4.9 26 14 26 20
400 - - 4.9 - - 5.5 29 15 29 23
450 - - 5.5 - - 6.1 35 18 35 27
500 - - 6.1 - - - 43 21 43 33
600 - - - - - 50 25 50 40

Note : Enter Table for losses at smallest diameter d

Source : Carrier Handbook
ISHRAE HVAC DATABOOK WATER / STEAM PIPING DESIGN AND MATERIALS 3.19

Table 3.21 : Suggested Hanger Spacing and Rod Size for Straight Horizontal Pipe Runs

OD Standard Steel Pipe, (ft.) Copper Tube, (ft.) Rod Size

inches Water Steam Water inches

1/2 7 8 5 1/4
3/4 7 9 5 1/4
1 7 9 6 1/4
11/2 9 12 8 3/8
2 10 13 8 3/8
21/2 11 14 9 3/8
3 12 15 10 3/8
4 14 17 12 1/2
6 17 21 14 1/2
8 19 24 16 5/8
10 20 26 18 3/4
12 23 30 19 7/8
14 25 32 1
16 27 35 1
18 28 37 11/4
20 30 39 11/4
Spacing does not apply where span calculations are made or where concentrated loads are placed between supports such as
flanges, Valves, specialties, etc.

BV
Table 3.22 : Valve Losses in Equivalent Meters of Pipe BFV
Nominal Pipe or Straight Thru Angled Globe Angled Globe Angle Valve Swing Check Lift
Gate
Tube size, mm Globea 600 - Y 450 - Y (900) and Ball Check Check
10 5.2 2.4 1.8 1.8 0.2 1.5
15 5.5 2.7 2.1 2.1 0.2 1.8
20 6.7 3.4 2.1 2.1 0.3 2.2 Globe And
25 8.8 4.6 3.7 3.7 0.3 3 Vertical
lift check
32 12 6.1 4.6 4.6 0.5 4.3 same
40 13 7.3 5.5 5.5 0.5 4.9 as
globe
50 17 9.1 7.3 7.3 0.73 6.1 valve
65 21 11 8.8 8.8 0.9 7.6
80 26 13 11 11 1 9.1
90 30 15 13 13 1.2 10
100 37 18 14 14 1.4 12
125 43 22 18 18 1.8 15
150 52 27 21 21 2.1 18
200 62 35 26 26 2.7 24
250 85 44 32 32 3.7 30
Angle
300 98 50 40 40 4 37 lift
350 110 56 47 47 4.6 41 same
as
400 125 64 55 55 5.2 46 angle
450 140 73 61 61 5.8 50 valve

500 160 84 72 72 6.7 61

600 186 98 81 81 7.6 73

Values are for valves in fully open position.